Results in Materials最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of functionalized-MWCNT/hydroxyapatite/gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: Synthesis and characterization","authors":"Samira Nokhasteh,&nbsp;Samaneh Nikpar,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Rezaie,&nbsp;Alireza Khavandi,&nbsp;Hengameh Dortaj","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.101044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.101044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone scaffolds are essential in regenerative medicine, yet they often face critical limitations, including insufficient mechanical strength, poor bioactivity, and inadequate structural mimicry of the native bone tissue. In contrast, nanotechnology offers promising solutions by enabling the incorporation of nanoscale reinforcements that enhance both mechanical and biological properties. Among these, functionalized carbon nanotubes have shown exceptional potential due to their high tensile strength, surface functionalizability capability, and ability to promote cellular interactions. In this study, we developed a three-dimensional porous nanocomposite scaffold using a freeze-drying technique. The scaffold was composed of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanopowders as the mineral phase and microbial-derived gelatin cross-linked with EDC (N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride) as the organic matrix, mimicking the natural composition of bone. To enhance the mechanical integrity, functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (ƒ-MWCNTs) were incorporated at controlled concentrations. Structural and morphological analyses using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the uniform distribution of both hydroxyapatite (HA) and ƒ-MWCNTs within the gelatin matrix, along with a well-defined, interconnected porous network. Notably, mechanical testing demonstrated an enhancement in compressive strength that was directly correlated with ƒ-MWCNT content, indicating successful load-bearing reinforcement. These findings highlight the synergistic role of nanomaterial reinforcement in developing biomimetic and mechanically robust scaffolds for regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149003804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermoelastic vibration and interface response of graphite/epoxy laminated beams: Integrated higher-order, three-dimensional finite-element and data-driven assessment","authors":"Fadi Alfaqs,&nbsp;Aiman Al Alawin","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.101038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.101038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study re-examines a previously published finite-element (FE) response domain for an eight-ply graphite/epoxy beam and develops new analytical and data-driven interpretations of its orientation– temperature behaviour. The study uses an established ANSYS 19.0 SOLID186 model and previously published numerical results for the eight-ply beam. The dataset comprises seven symmetric lay-ups at 22, 40 and 60 °C, including six modal frequencies and archived harmonic responses. A higher-order shear-deformation formulation provides an additional independent comparison for the fundamental frequency, while several surrogate families and bounded sensitivity measures are evaluated on the 21 published modal cases. At 22 °C, the analytical fundamental frequencies are within 1.5%–2.0% of the inherited FE values. Within this limited constant-property prestress model, fibre rotation shifts resonance more strongly than temperature, and the lay-up associated with the largest archived deflection differs from that associated with the largest interface shear. The surrogates are consequently treated as interpolators rather than general predictors. The present contribution lies in the analytical formulation, cross-model assessment, surrogate benchmarking and sensitivity attribution; it does not claim new FE simulations or experimental validation. The archived harmonic maxima were obtained using the modal damping ratio <span><math><mrow><mi>ζ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.02</mn></mrow></math></span>; a reduced-order numerical refinement study bounds the frequency-grid effect, while the amplitudes remain conditional on the selected damping and linear kinematics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative biodegradation of natural rubber (NR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and NR/NBR blend rubber gloves by microbial consortium CK","authors":"Natyamee Leblaeh,&nbsp;Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee,&nbsp;Kamontam Umsakul","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.101040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.101040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the biodegradation of natural rubber (NR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and NR/NBR blend rubber gloves over 60 days using the consortium CK. NR gloves showed the highest weight loss (62%), followed by NR/NBR blend gloves (22%) and NBR gloves (5.2%). SEM showed cracks and holes with bacterial colonization on NR and NR/NBR blend, whereas the NBR surface remained largely unchanged with negligible attachment. Viable cell counts increased in NR from 1.5 × 10⁸ to 3.5 × 10⁸ CFU/mL, but decreased in the NR/NBR blend and NBR from 8.2 × 10⁸ to 1.2 × 10⁶ and 1.2 × 10⁸ to 3.2 × 10³ CFU/mL, respectively. ATR-FTIR analysis of NR indicated degradation products, including polyisoprene oligomers and aldehydic products, suggesting oxidative cleavage of the polyisoprene backbone. NR degraded so extensively that the rubber pieces disintegrated into tiny fragments and mechanical properties were not measurable, consistent with the contact angle decrease from 65.8° to 51.2°. In contrast, the NR/NBR blend preserved part of its mechanical performance, although tensile strength, elongation at break, and force at break decreased from 18.89 to 2.5 MPa, 645 to 605%, and 5.78 to 2.5 N, respectively. NBR also showed decreases from 36.47 to 16 MPa, 565 to 71%, and 6.98 to 0.50 N. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the NR-degrading consortium CK identified <em>Pseudoxanthomonas, Olivibacter, Nocardia</em>, and other taxa presented during the rubber degradation process. These findings indicate that incorporation of NBR into NR helped preserve part of glove mechanical performance during degradation, while the presence of NR enhanced biodegradability compared with NBR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi - objective topology optimization and microstructural characterization of additively manufactured PLA, PETG and ABS for progressive weight reduction","authors":"Prakash Sekar,&nbsp;Prabhahar Muthuswamy,&nbsp;Ankit Kumar,&nbsp;Prabhat Kumar Ram","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of topology optimization (0-50% weight reduction) on the mechanical performance of fused deposition modelling (FDM) fabricated polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) for lightweight biomedical structural applications. Standardized specimens were manufactured and evaluated through tensile, compressive and flexural testing, supported by finite element analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine structural behavior and microstructural characteristics. The results indicate that PLA exhibited the highest tensile (60 MPa) and flexural strength (90 MPa), while ABS showed relatively stable compressive performance. At full material density (100%), PLA showed the highest tensile strength (60 MPa), followed by PETG (55 MPa) and ABS (45 MPa). With a 50% weight reduction, tensile strength decreased to 36 MPa for PLA and PETG and 32 MPa for ABS. In compression, ABS retained a compressive strength of 49 MPa even after 50% material removal through topology optimization, while PLA decreased from 70 MPa to 49 MPa and PETG from 68 MPa to 50 MPa. A similar decreasing trend was observed in flexural strength, where PLA reduced from 90 MPa to 58 MPa, PETG from 85 MPa to 58 MPa and ABS from 80 MPa to 58 MPa. An optimal topology optimization range of 30–40% was identified, achieving substantial weight reduction while maintaining mechanical performance. This study provides a systematic multi-material comparison and identifies an optimal topology optimization range for lightweight polymer structures intended for future biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100969"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of GaxLiᵧ alloys with various lithium compositions","authors":"Yu. Ponkratov,&nbsp;Yu. Gordienko,&nbsp;Yu. Baklanova,&nbsp;Ye. Tulubayev,&nbsp;V. Bochkov,&nbsp;I. Kukushkin,&nbsp;R. Sabitova,&nbsp;E. Saparbek","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An optimized vacuum-based technology for synthesizing Ga–Li alloys with controlled lithium content ranging from 10 to 50 at.% was developed and experimentally validated. The process combines two-stage lithium purification (chemical treatment and vacuum distillation) with high-temperature homogenization under residual pressure ≤10⁻⁵ Pa, ensuring low contamination levels and precise stoichiometry control. Comprehensive characterization using SEM, XRD (ICDD PDF-4+), DSC (25–500 °C), and ICP-MS demonstrates the formation of thermodynamically stable intermetallic phases Ga₇Li₂ and Ga₉Li₅ in the near-stoichiometric composition region. The observed phase assemblage is governed by equilibrium thermodynamics rather than kinetic limitations, as confirmed by the absence of metastable phases and the consistency between XRD and DSC results. Distinct endothermic transitions at ∼320 °C and ∼388 °C are attributed to transformations associated with Ga₇Li₂ and Ga₉Li₅ phases, respectively, in agreement with the equilibrium Ga–Li phase diagram. The synthesized alloys exhibit high compositional accuracy (deviation ≤0.6 at.%) and microstructural homogeneity, confirming the effectiveness of the developed synthesis route. A key finding is the experimentally confirmed reduction in lithium thermodynamic activity, leading to a decrease in saturated vapor pressure by 3–4 orders of magnitude compared to pure lithium in the temperature range 400–500 °C. This effect is highly important for fusion applications, as it suppresses lithium evaporation and improves compatibility with structural materials. The developed synthesis methodology and the obtained structure–property relationships demonstrate that Ga–Li intermetallic alloys are promising candidates for liquid metal plasma-facing components and tritium-related systems in next-generation fusion reactors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100970"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of advanced ceramic holder for spectroMaxx In place of metal holder for accurate composition analysis of small-diameter metals","authors":"Tiruwork Girma Hailu ,&nbsp;Khalid Ahmed Seid","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advanced alumina-yttria ceramic holder enables precise SpectroMaxx analysis with exceptional heat stability, zero sample interference, and superior dimensional reliability. The project focuses on improving the accuracy of metal composition analysis in metal industries and quality control facilities by replacing metallic holders with high-performance ceramic holders. Unlike metal holders, which deform under heat and are simultaneously analyzed by SpectroMaxx, alumina-yttria ceramic holders offer high temperature resistance, remain dimensionally stable, and being non-metallic, are not detected by the instrument. This ensures clean, and significantly enhances the reliability of SpectroMaxx chemical characterization. Metals frequently warp or distort during machining or heat cycling and, particularly for small-diameter samples, because the spectroMaxx analyzes the metal holder alongside these smaller samples. Therefore, the instrument measures not only the sample but also the metallic holder, making the existing holder unsuitable for small-diameter (≤12 mm) samples, especially when determining the nitrogen content in the metal. Alumina-yttria ceramics are among the hardest materials, known to be harder than tool steel, with a measured hardness value of around 2665 HV (≈2.61 × 10⁴ MPa), which shows that they are highly strong. XRD analysis reveals that the composite of α-Al₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ is well-crystallized and stable, while SpectroMaxx results show that ceramic holders produce more consistent, lower-contamination elemental measurements than metal holders, which puts the results more in accordance with CRM values. Using these holders helps to know the exact components and constituents of metal samples by using SpectroMaxx characterization instruments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100966"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical, microstructural, and corrosion evaluation of Fe-SiC-Al2O3 hybrid composites fabricated by powder metallurgy","authors":"Kibitu Belay Dugasa ,&nbsp;Hailemariam Nigus Ararssie ,&nbsp;Yared Workineh Shewalul","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study presents the hybrid composite fabricated using an Fe matrix reinforced with Al₂O₃ and SiC via powder metallurgy (PM) with high-energy milling balls. Graphite was used as a lubricant in the PM process. Physical, mechanical, and microstructural properties of the hybrid composite were studied. The effect of reinforcement on hardness and porosity was studied, and the results indicated that pure iron exhibited lower hardness than the composite. In addition, the microstructure characterization showed that the presence of Fe, Al₂O₃, SiC, FeAl₂O₄, Gr, Fe₂O₃, agglomeration, and porosity in the developed hybrid composite. Based on the result obtained from the sample developed using the Taguchi L₉ orthogonal array method, the optimal hardness, compressive strength, and Young's modulus were obtained at 611.8HV, 262 MPa, and 187.8 GPa, respectively. Results showed an improvement of 88% in hardness, 20% in compressive strength, and 79% in Young's modulus. The corrosion test showed that the hybrid composite exhibited higher corrosion resistance than pure iron. Moreover, increasing the reinforcement increases the corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100971"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Hosemann-Schramek model to describe and predict experimental unimodal molecular weight distribution","authors":"Ali AL-Jaberi ,&nbsp;Aurélie Wender ,&nbsp;Lama EL Haraty ,&nbsp;Nicolas Ferrando ,&nbsp;Benoit Creton ,&nbsp;Wei Yan ,&nbsp;Jean-Charles De Hemptinne","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simulating molecular weight distribution (MWD) is a crucial step in predicting the thermodynamic and rheological properties of polymer systems in computational modeling. Using 30 experimental MWD datasets compiled from the literature, this study evaluates two-parameter models — log-Normal and Schulz-Flory — as well as the three-parameter Hosemann-Schramek (HS) model, with the ultimate goal of achieving a practical and precise unimodal MWD simulation. The results show that the HS model is more accurate than the other two distribution models, as it successfully reproduces MWD curves with varying degrees of asymmetry (left skewness) through the inclusion of a third parameter, the Z-average molecular weight (<span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>‾</mo></mover><mi>z</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>). However, this third parameter of the HS model is rarely reported as input data for polymers. To overcome this limitation, we propose empirical models for predicting <span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>‾</mo></mover><mi>z</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> primarily based on the other two parameters: the number-average molecular weight (<span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>‾</mo></mover><mi>n</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) and the weight-average molecular weight (<span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>‾</mo></mover><mi>w</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>). These empirical models are developed using a comprehensive dataset of 231 polymers combined with Python Symbolic Regression (PySR). When the HS model is powered with predicted <span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>‾</mo></mover><mi>z</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, it yields MWD curves that closely match those obtained using experimental <span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>‾</mo></mover><mi>z</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> values, resulting in more reliable and accurate polymer property simulations. Although these empirical models for <span><math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>‾</mo></mover><mi>z</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> were applied to MWD simulation in this study, they can also be utilized in other contexts, such as polymer viscosity simulation, which is beyond the scope of this work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100976"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of orientation and alloy ratio on the mechanical performance of directly bonded additively manufactured SS316L/IN718 bimetallic structures","authors":"Amany Khaled Sayed,&nbsp;Ahmed Y. Elruby","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study investigates laser–directed energy deposition (L-DED) of bimetallic SS316/IN718 structures fabricated with graded volumetric fractions of SS316L and IN718 with an interface oriented either parallel (XY) or perpendicular (Z) to the loading axis. Specimens included monolithic SS316L and IN718 alongside with three different bimetallic configurations. For both XY and Z orientations, a series of mechanical and microstructural characterization analysis were applied that included; uniaxial quasi-static tensile tests, full field localized strain assessment using DIC, Vickers microhardness, SEM, EDS and Optical microscopy for the fracture surface. Anisotropy was quantified using a vectorial Euclidean-distance framework for the first time across four mechanical properties simultaneously, identifying the SSIN-30/70 condition as the most anisotropic, while monolithic SS316 exhibited the lowest anisotropy. Comparison with prior work demonstrated similar strain-hardening capacity and strength–ductility synergy, while underscoring elevated hardness in the present builds. Collectively, these results establish a clear linkage between build orientation, interface direction, and tensile performance in additively manufactured nickel-base/austenitic-steel systems, reaffirming process-driven anisotropy as a central challenge and motivating microstructure-aware processing and post-processing strategies for load-critical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100975"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative studies on the torsion behavior of California foothill pine and red pine","authors":"Yong X. Gan ,&nbsp;Lichen Huang ,&nbsp;Kevin C. Gan ,&nbsp;Russell T. Kuo ,&nbsp;Mingheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pine wood as natural composite has been extensively used in building construction, manufacturing furniture, and making musical instruments. California foothill pine or gray pine (<em>Pinus sabiniana</em>) is used as basic building materials for box crates and railway ties. It is also used for musical instruments (drums) making. Red pine (<em>Pinus resinosa</em>) is strong and durable for making furniture and flooring. It is suitable for outdoor applications such as fencing and framing, railroad ties, and cabin logs. Red pine wood also finds applications in musical instruments, especially for guitar bodies, offering warm and resonant tones. Mechanical testing is indispensable for design and performance enhancement of pine wood structures and components. Since the bonding strength and wear resistance of wood are related to shear deformation behavior, torsion test is considered as an effective method for evaluating the performance of pine wood. In this work, the strength and rigidity of both California foothill pine (gray pine) and red pine were evaluated under pure shear through torsion test. It has been found that the average shear strength of the gray pine is 7.12 MPa. The red pine showed higher average shear strength of 14.67 MPa. The modulus of rigidity of the gray pine is about 2.59 ± 0.46 GPa; while the red pine has the modulus of rigidity as high as 3.47 ± 0.62 GPa. Statistical analysis of the shear strength data reveals the Weibull moduli (<em>m</em>) of gray pine and red pine are 2.44 and 3.74, respectively. The characteristic shear strength (with a failure probability of 63.2%) of the gray pine is 8.04 MPa. The value of characteristic shear strength for red pine is 16.15 MPa. The statistical analysis on both pines indicates that the red pine is over one time stronger than the foothill (gray) pine under torsional loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100972"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}