Results in Materials最新文献

{"title":"Temperature-dependent compressive strength modeling of geopolymer blocks utilizing glass powder and steel slag","authors":"Supriya Janga ,&nbsp;Ashwin Raut ,&nbsp;Alireza Bahrami ,&nbsp;T. Vamsi Nagaraju ,&nbsp;Sridevi Bonthu","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the development of geopolymers as a modern, environmentally sustainable binder with ceramic-like properties, offering exceptional thermal and fire-resistant characteristics. The study primarily utilized fly ash (FA) in combination with glass powder (GP) and steel slag (SS). The SS content varied between 30 % and 40 %, while the molarity of NaOH was set at 10 M, 12 M, and 14 M. Based on these variables, a total of eighteen mixes incorporating GP and SS were formulated. The samples were subjected to elevated temperatures of 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C, after which their compressive strengthswere measured. To better understand the material formation, analyses were conducted by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry differential thermal analysis. The investigation examined the influence of oxide ratios (Na/Si, Si/Al, H₂O/Na₂O, and Na/Al) on the compressive strength at elevated temperatures. Additionally, the research sought to develop a predictive model, elucidating the relationship between these oxide ratios and the compressive strength of geopolymers. To achieve this, ten machine learning techniques were applied, revealing the complex connection between oxide ratios and the strength properties of geopolymers. The support vector regressor (SVR) model outperformed other regression and boosting models, obtaining a high coefficient of determination (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em>) value of 0.95, indicating superior predictive accuracy. The reduced error levels and high <em>R</em>^<em>2</em> values highlighted the enhanced performance of the SVR model. A sensitivity analysis was done to understand the contributions of each parameter to the outcome predictions further. Employing machine learning techniques to predict the compressive strength of geopolymer blocks under various elevated temperature conditions improves predictive accuracy and optimizes resource utilization, leading to significant time savings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallographic characterization of gypsum synthesized from marine wastes (Babylonia japonica, Olive sayana, and Conasprella bermudensis)","authors":"Md. Kawsar ,&nbsp;Md. Sahadat Hossain ,&nbsp;Fahim Foysal Munshi ,&nbsp;Md. Farhad Ali ,&nbsp;Newaz Mohammed Bahadur ,&nbsp;Samina Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on the synthesis of gypsum nanocrystals using conventional wet chemical precipitation method from marine mollusks like <em>Babylonia Japonica</em>, <em>Olive Sayana</em>, and <em>Conasprella bermudensis</em>. Different characterization techniques like Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) were used to confirm the formation of the nanocrystals. XRD data assessed various structural parameters, including the dimension of the unit cell, crystallinity index, specific surface area, lattice parameters, dislocation density, and macrostrain. The Rietveld refinement study did not reveal the formation of alternate phases, and the predicted lattice parameters, Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), and X-ray density contradicted the actual data. The synthesized gypsum displayed crystallite dimension within the acceptable range of &lt;200 nm, as calculated using various XRD models and equations. Additionally, the values for strain (2 × 10⁻⁴ to 4 × 10⁻⁴), stress (−1 × 10⁷ to 2 × 10⁷ N/m²), and energy density (2.87 × 10² to 2.16 × 10³ J/m³) were also estimated for the synthesized samples. The preferential growth calculation indicateed stable phase formation of gypsum along the (0 2 0) and (0 4 0) planes. Furthermore, The study compared the properties of gypsum, including pH, conductivity, and potential difference (PD), in soil extraction and an aqueous medium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosslinking of XNBR with polyvalent epoxy compounds (PECs) for accelerator-free rubber films","authors":"Taichi Ogawa ,&nbsp;Junji Shibasaki ,&nbsp;Atsushi Morinaga ,&nbsp;Kaname Shibata ,&nbsp;Akitsugu Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yamato Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Shoya Satake ,&nbsp;Takuya Asada ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Itagaki ,&nbsp;Masahiro Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Ikuya Shibata ,&nbsp;Norihide Enomoto","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The serious problems of skin inflammations (dermatitides) observed in the users of rubber gloves caused by type I or type IV hypersensitivity strongly require their new manufacturing methods free from these irritations. This paper reports our novel approach to the production of rubber gloves addressing these problems. A synthetic rubber latex, carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR), was crosslinked using polyvalent epoxy compounds (PECs) without the utilization of accelerators that cause those dermatitides. Although epoxy compounds are generally hydrolyzable in alkaline latex solution, optimally hydrophobic PECs, especially a PEC with three epoxy groups derived from trimethylolpropane, were found to be effective crosslinking reagents for producing high performance XNBR films. The methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)-water partition coefficient is an advantageous index to select suitable PECs in this process. The XNBR film produced by the PEC from trimethylolpropane had a high durability to simulated perspiration liquid and the pot-life of the mixed latex solution was longer than 7 days. The XNBR films produced by our novel process that contain no substances causing type I and type IV hypersensitivity are potentially free from the skin inflammations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of Au/Blood aggregate nanofluid flow enclosed under the influence of magnetic field and thermal radiation","authors":"L.O. Aselebe ,&nbsp;O.A. Ajala ,&nbsp;A.O. Akindele ,&nbsp;B.B. Lamidi ,&nbsp;A.D. Ohaegbue ,&nbsp;P. Adegbite ,&nbsp;S.O. Salawu","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the cause of enhancing the heat and mass transfer of blood, nanoparticles are being introduced to give an improved heat exchanger in human systems. Nanofluid is a viable heat-carrier fluid, which serves as a cooling agent in drug delivery systems and improves their performances. However, the stability of nanoparticles in the base fluid is one of its challenges that needs more attention. This work investigates the aggregate of gold nanoparticles and blood-based fluid in the presence of both thermal radiation and magnetic fields. To have a better understanding and prediction of this physical phenomenon, a mathematical model of the system of governing Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) were formulated and transformed into a system of coupled third-order non-linear boundary values differential equations by similarity techniques. The boundary value in Ordinary Differential equations (ODEs) were reduced into the system of first-order initial value ODEs using the shooting approach alongside the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg fourth-fifth order (rkf45) method with the help of Python 3.0 software. The numerical results of the influence of aggregate nanoparticles on the velocity and temperature profiles were displayed graphically and the effect of thermo-physical parameters on skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number were shown in tables. It was found that as thermal radiation upsurges the temperature profile escalates for both with and without aggregate nanoparticles. Likewise, rises in magnetic fields raise the temperature profile of the gold-blood nanofluid. Nevertheless, the velocity profile declines as the magnetic field intensifies. This present work can be of great help in the medical field where drug delivery is paramount. Also the result has a significant impact on the possibility of utilizing the interaction between aggregate gold nanoparticles in blood-based fluid, which improved the system's mass and heat transfer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of foundry by-product sand as an activator on workability improvement and strength development in alkali-activated blast furnace slag mortar","authors":"Chi-Yi Hua,&nbsp;Chia-Jung Tsai,&nbsp;Wen-Shinn Shyu,&nbsp;Leila Fazeldehkordi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The substitution of alkali-activated furnace slag significantly reduces the necessity of cement manufacture and mitigates the continuous growth of carbon emissions. In addition, it shows superior mechanical properties compared to traditional concrete materials. However, rapid setting issues hinder its widespread applications. This study investigated the innovative use of zero-carbon waste sodium silicate-bonded sand as a substitute for the fine aggregate and sodium silicate in traditional alkali-activated blast furnace slag mortar. The primary objective is to analyze the impact of waste sodium silicate-bonded sand on the workability and mechanical properties of the mortar. The key properties such as flowability, setting time, temperature measurement, compressive strength, and microstructural were analyzed to determine the improvement in workability and the strength development of alkali-activated blast furnace slag mortar resulting from the use of waste sodium silicate-bonded sand. The research showed the integration of waste sodium silicate-bonded sand results in an eco-friendly and cost-effective material, which addresses limitations in traditional activated blast furnace slag mortars. The finding revealed that substituting fine aggregate and sodium silicate with waste sodium silicate-bonded sand significantly improved the mechanical and workability properties of alkali-activated mortars. Notably, the compressive strength of mortars incorporating waste sodium silicate-bonded sand exceeded that of traditional Portland cement and effectively mitigated rapid setting issues. In addition, this approach led to an environmentally friendly mortar with satisfactory workability. The research emphasizes the practical benefits of utilizing waste sodium silicate-bonded sand and offers new insights into its effects on mortar performance. This has provided more details for future exploration and refinement in the field of alkali-activated materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outstanding performance of Co-doped ZnS nanoparticles used as nanocatalyst for synthetic dye degradation","authors":"A. Ullah ,&nbsp;N. Javaid ,&nbsp;A. Rafiq ,&nbsp;A. Samreen ,&nbsp;S. Riaz ,&nbsp;S. Naseem","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, fabrication of pure and cobalt (Co) doped zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles were carried out via facile co-precipitation technique using thioglycolic acid as a surfactant. The synthesized nano powders were employed to characterize using various techniques like X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy, to elucidate the alterations in the structure and morphology of nanomaterials. The XRD analysis revealed wurtzite phase of fabricated nanoparticles. Inclusion of Co dopants failed to modify the lattice structure of host material. Analysis of UV–Vis spectroscopy indicates intensive absorption in the visible region upon doping. FTIR spectroscopy was employed to identify functional groups affiliated with molecular vibrations. The photoactivity and kinetics of photo-products were evaluated by monitoring degradation of methylene blue (MB) by solar irradiation. Photodecomposition of MB was significantly increased when Co doped ZnS was employed relative to pristine ZnS. This novel technique of doped ZnS nanoparticles provide an effectual and sustainable route for treatment of wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing weld strength and microstructure in CP-titanium and 304 stainless steel friction welds with chromium interlayer","authors":"Mohammad Mostafa Sheykhi,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Mostafaei","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of a Cr-interlayer on the hardness and friction-welded joint strength between CP-titanium and 304 stainless steel. Rotary friction welding, with its adjustable parameters such as upset pressure, is the preferred method for this dissimilar joint. Due to the difference between these two base metals, a metallic interlayer like chromium, is crucial for controlling the formation of intermetallic compounds (IMCs). Welding was conducted at three different upset pressures, both with and without the Cr-interlayer. Tensile and microhardness tests were performed, complemented by phase analysis and microstructural characterization using XRD and SEM. Our findings reveal that employing a chromium layer and higher upset pressures enhances strength while reducing the presence of brittle IMCs in the welds. At the CP-titanium side, dynamic recrystallization occurs due to increased heat generation at the interface and strain occurred by materials flow, facilitating IMC formation, especially evident at 250 MPa upset pressure. Interestingly, relatively higher strength at 150 MPa is attributed to the absence of IMCs. Conversely, higher strength results at 350 MPa due to from the flow of softened material, effectively purging IMCs from the weld zone. Notably, both β-titanium and chromium-based IMCs form in the presence of the chromium interlayer, resulting in decreased joint hardness and increased overall ductility. In conclusion, our study's findings contribute to bridging the gap between theoretical strength and practical application, significantly advancing joint performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bifunctional catalysis on water splitting reaction by graphitic carbon supported NiO, NiS and NiSe nanoparticles","authors":"Mousumi Mondal ,&nbsp;Anirban Ghosh ,&nbsp;Sujit Kumar Ghosh ,&nbsp;Swapan Kumar Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we have synthesized NiO, NiS and NiSe nanoparticles by similar hydrothermal method and the electrocatalytic activities of the graphite carbon-supported synthesized materials have been compared in reference to hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER) in aqueous acidic and alkaline media respectively. The as-synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by using powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopic studies. The best electrocatalyst, NiSe provides a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² at 259 mV overpotential for OER in 1.0 M KOH, which is superior to that of the state-of-the-art catalyst RuO₂ in the same environment. For HER the best electrocatalyst, NiSe provides a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² at 49.5 mV overpotential in 0.5 M H₂SO₄, which is again superior to Pt wire electrode. The order of electrocatalytic activity in both HER and OER has been found to follow the sequence: NiSe &gt; NiS &gt; NiO under the same electrochemical conditions, as have been evident from cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies. While the electrochemical surface area is increased by 16.4 % and 37.3 % on changing the electrocatalyst from NiO to NiS and NiSe respectively, the chronoamperometric current densities are increased by 429 % and 635 % at 0.8 V for OER and 548 % and 9733 % at −0.4V for HER on changing the same materials. Thus, the enhancement in catalytic activity hangs mainly on the material characteristics besides the morphological improvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing superconductivity research: Insights from numerical simulations of potassium fullerenide-60 and gold and with Ginzburg-Landau theory","authors":"Mohamad Hasson ,&nbsp;Mohamad Asem Alkourdi ,&nbsp;Marwan Al-Raeei","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are many types of superconductors, including gold ormus and some fullerene derivatives. Gold can become a superconductor at extremely low temperatures (&lt;1 K), allowing it to conduct electricity without resistance. While not as commonly used as materials like niobium or lead, gold superconductors are valuable for research and development in superconductivity. Fullerene derivatives like potassium fullerenide-60 also exhibit high superconductivity. Limited studies have been conducted on both gold ormus and superconducting fullerene derivatives. Our study of numerical simulations of the Ginzburg-Landau theory in superconductors for gold ormus and potassium fullerenide-60 has yielded important results. We have successfully simulated class-I and class-II superconducting gold ormus, as well as potassium fullerenide-60, using the Runge-Kutta fourth order method. Our analysis demonstrates the convergence of our simulation outcomes and highlights the importance of considering truncation error and selecting appropriate step sizes for accurate results. The periodic factor of penetration (PFP) for each superconductor has been determined, with class-I superconducting gold having a PFP of 250 nm, class-II superconducting gold having a PFP of 566.2 nm, and potassium fullerenide-60 having a PFP of 1.374 nm. Additionally, our study reveals the relationship between the periodic penetration factor and the length of the penetration depth, showing that the PFP reaches a minimum value at a penetration depth length of 130 nm. Overall, our findings contribute to a better understanding of superconductivity in gold ormus and potassium fullerenide-60, emphasizing the importance of accurate numerical simulations for studying complex physical phenomena. Our study confirmed the accuracy of the Runge-Kutta fourth-order method in simulating superconductors. By examining the PFP for various superconducting materials, we identified trends in penetration depth, shedding light on superconductivity. Our simulations give valuable insights for advancing research in this field, with the Runge-Kutta fourth-order method striking a balance between accuracy and efficiency. Careful parameter adjustment ensures reliable simulations and contributes to progress in superconductivity research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of undoped and yttrium, bismuth co-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Bryophyllum pinnatum for photocatalytic application","authors":"Md Sharier Parvez ,&nbsp;Ashikur Rahman ,&nbsp;A.K.M. Ahsanul Habib ,&nbsp;S.M. Nasim Rokon","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, a non-toxic, inexpensive, and environment-friendly green synthesis route was investigated to synthesize undoped and Y, Bi co-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles by using <em>Bryophyllum pinnatum</em> leaf extract. Precursor material titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) was utilized for both undoped and co-doped TiO₂ and Yttrium and Bismuth were added to 1, 2, and 3 percent as co-dopants. The obtained undoped and Y, Bi co-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles were characterized by various analytical techniques, which include X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV–Visible spectroscopy for the evaluation of the structural, morphological, and photocatalytic activity. Anatase phase formation was observed from the XRD analysis for both undoped and Y, Bi co-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles. The average particle size for undoped TiO₂ nanoparticles was found to be 15.92 nm which raised to 21.70 nm for 3 % co-doping. UV–Vis Spectroscopy analysis revealed a reduction on band gap energy (E_g) for Y, Bi co-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles. Methylene blue (MB) photodegradation demonstrates co-doping with Y, Bi significantly increases the photocatalytic activity. Overall, green synthesis using <em>Bryophyllum pinnatum</em> was found to be an economical method to fabricate TiO₂ NPs that shows great improvement in photo-degradation characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}