J.A. Valencia , I. Dyner , F. Mesa , A.J. Aristizábal
{"title":"Evaluating demand response through the time of use model in off-grid regions","authors":"J.A. Valencia , I. Dyner , F. Mesa , A.J. Aristizábal","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Motivated by the goal of increasing the use of renewable energies as a vital part of the energy transition, altering energy consumption in off-grid areas, and involving consumers in the decision-making process of the electricity market, demand response programs are considered essential measures to achieve these goals without requiring highly advanced technologies. The research findings demonstrate that the time-of-use model aids the transition to cleaner energy, offering multiple benefits to consumers.These benefits include reduced energy bills, enhanced quality of life due to lower CO2 emissions, decreased energy subsidies, and reduced dependency on diesel fuel for electricity generation in regions where approximately 84 % of the capacity is derived from diesel. An innovative aspect of this study is proposing the transition from a quasi-inelastic to elastic demand electricity market in off-grid areas in Colombia, based on the evaluated benefits of the Time of Use Model over a specific time horizon. The principal reduction results related to the base consumption in the case study are as follows: peak hours (52.5 kWh/day), hours of maximum solar radiation (203.2 kWh/day), and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (10 TonEq/year). These findings confirm that demand response is critical in enabling and facilitating the energy transition in off-grid regions, where renewable energy sources and economic incentives are underutilized</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catalysing decentralised renewable energy investment in Nigeria: Investor-focused risk evaluation and de-risking strategies","authors":"Z.Y.I. Abba, N. Balta-Ozkan, G. Drew","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>S</em>caling up private investment in Decentralised Renewable Energy (DRE) is crucial for achieving universal electricity access in sub-Saharan Africa. Tailored de-risking actions based on investors' risk perceptions can facilitate investment. However, current literature provides a fragmented perspective of investor-specific DRE investment risks. Through a multi-step participatory approach involving an online survey, focus groups, and interviews, 40 multidimensional risk factors across six categories were evaluated using the analytical hierarchy process, to establish their significance among four investor groups: development finance institutions, domestic finance institutions, developers, impact investors. Overall, economic and financing risk categories emerged as most critical, while social and environmental risks were least prioritised. However, risk factor priorities varied among different investor groups, highlighting key mutual high-priority risk factors amounting to 37–58 % of risk weighting including currency volatility, low access to low-cost capital, revenue risk, and insecurity. Limited awareness of existing risk mitigation practices, cultural and behavioural barriers to energy use, and path dependence were identified as influential risk drivers. Evidence-based risk mitigation strategies such as priority sector lending mandates, portfolio aggregation, stronger policy implementation, social interventions, collaboration, and capacity development are recommended to facilitate DRE investment. This study serves as a reference for decision-makers to prioritise actions for catalysing DRE investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suleyman O. Altiparmak , Keith Waters , Cameron G. Thies , Shade T. Shutters
{"title":"Cornering the market with foreign direct investments: China's cobalt politics","authors":"Suleyman O. Altiparmak , Keith Waters , Cameron G. Thies , Shade T. Shutters","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The market for cobalt, which is one of the elements needed in the production of electric batteries, is increasing in importance and demand globally. Key players in this market include the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which maintains a large share of world reserves, and China, which plays a central role in the rest of the supply chain despite its scarcity of reserves. However, how China dominates this market despite little domestic production has not been explored. This quantitative case study examines the relationship between China's foreign direct investment (FDI) in the DRC and its cobalt supply from the DRC. Using two datasets from the United Nations, we find that investors import significantly more cobalt than non-investors. In addition to the close alignment between FDI and natural resources, we also explore the political context behind China's FDI in the DRC. China's effort to expand its sphere of influence in the direction of ‘going out’ is the opposite of Western countries’ policies, as an attempt to increase access to a politically and economically unstable country's natural resources. Consequently, if the West is to pursue battery technology as a means to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it will either need to invest in the politically unstable DRC or accept that China will substantially control the world's supply of cobalt needed for battery production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of LCOE for PV electricity production in the Baltic States - Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia until 2050","authors":"Kristina Lebedeva , Anatolijs Borodinecs , Arturs Palcikovskis , Robert Wawerka , Nikolaos Skandalos","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the economic feasibility and long-term potential of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems in multi-apartment buildings across the Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) through 2050. Using stochastic modeling and Monte Carlo simulations, it uniquely evaluates the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) for this sector, addressing uncertainties in economic, technical, and policy factors.</div><div>The results show that rooftop PV systems are economically viable, with median LCOE values of 0.08 EUR/kWh for Latvia and Lithuania and 0.09 EUR/kWh for Estonia at a 6 % discount rate. Capital expenditures (CAPEX) are the most critical factor, with projected significant cost reductions by 2050 further enhancing viability. The region's rooftop solar potential, estimated at 40 GW, could attract over 150 billion euros in investments by 2050.</div><div>Government incentives like subsidies, net metering, and EU funding have driven adoption, with installed capacities exceeding projections in recent years. However, gaps in collective self-consumption frameworks and energy community policies persist. For instance, Lithuania's \"virtual net billing\" model has boosted adoption, yet energy community initiatives remain underdeveloped.</div><div>The study highlights rooftop PV systems' critical role in achieving EU energy goals, reducing reliance on fossil fuels, and enhancing energy security as the Baltic States integrate into the European electricity grid in 2025. Aligning policies, fostering community-driven models, and improving regulatory frameworks are essential for maximizing solar energy's contribution to sustainable energy transitions, in line with EU directives and UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-7).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why neighbors matter in the energy transition: The diffusion of social practices, technologies, and knowledge between municipalities","authors":"M.C. LaBelle , T. Szép , G. Tóth","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy transition requires new conceptual frames to understand the emergence of new spatial patterns and developing new geographies of energy. This article uses Hungary as a case study to examine the role of spatial dependency for the household energy mix, especially for traditional heating fuels, and the adoption of modern technologies such as heat pumps, solar collectors and panels. Theoretically, the article expands the use of the energy ladder, and understanding of social practices around energy technology diffusion. The Global and Local Moran I are used to test for the spatial autocorrelation, to identify hot and cold spots of different fuels, and for clustering the municipalities. Spatial (LAG) model is developed to determine the main drivers of the low-quality fuel use. The results indicate that beyond socio-economic indicators, spatial location also has a significant impact on household energy use and households with a similar energy mix are spatially concentrated. Municipalities, just as households, occupy different levels of the energy ladder. These findings confirm the need for spatially concentrated and localized energy policies for the just energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing Hydrogen Strategies for Fossil Fuel Exporting Countries Under Uncertainty: The Case of Qatar","authors":"Carlos Méndez, Marcello Contestabile","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The economies of fossil fuel exporters are threatened by global efforts to transition away from using unabated fossil fuels. Producing clean hydrogen, for export or domestic use in manufacturing, provides a potentially major opportunity to continue exploiting their fossil fuel resources. However, the substantial uncertainties affecting the future of clean hydrogen make developing hydrogen strategies complex. This paper characterizes such uncertainties and conducts an initial assessment of possible investment risks and critical decisions associated with different strategies in the case of Qatar, a leading exporter of natural gas. We find that strategies mostly focused on using clean hydrogen domestically to produce clean commodities are relatively low risk; inversely, becoming a leading exporter of clean hydrogen substantially increases investment risks. Also, irrespective of the strategy, higher investment is required in the early years, suggesting that, once a strategy is chosen, changing path may prove difficult.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Miri , Jacob Monroe , Tamara Knittel , Madeleine McPherson
{"title":"Integrated planning and operation of power systems: Flexibility in high penetration of wind and solar","authors":"Mohammad Miri , Jacob Monroe , Tamara Knittel , Madeleine McPherson","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canada has set a target to become net zero by 2050. One of the key pathways for achieving this goal and supporting electrified demand is to expand variable renewable energy capacities. Such integration requires flexibility measures to respond to inherited variability, such as a reactive generation mix, responsive demand, or transmission. This study aims to find the impacts of coordinated planning and integrated operation of two power systems, one with flexible hydro capacities and the other with high shares of variable renewables. The present study uses a linked framework of planning and operational models to analyze different integration levels, load electrification scenarios, and sensitivity to hydropower constraints. The results show that the systems can achieve zero-emission goals with around one-third of the capital requirements when there is no constraint on the grid expansion between the two jurisdictions. Flexibility metrics, like curtailment, perform better when the large wind capacities in one power system are coupled with flexible hydro capacities in the other through the expanded grid. A sensitivity analysis is also done on hydropower constraints which shows a positive correlation between minimum hydropower output and curtailed wind generation when the integration is limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Gufron , Pranda M.P. Garniwa , Dhavani A. Putera , Fadhilah A. Suwadana , Dita Puspita , Hyunjin Lee , Indra A. Aditya , Supriatna Supriatna
{"title":"A preliminary LSTM-IDW model for spatiotemporal hourly solar radiation estimation in tropical regions","authors":"Ahmad Gufron , Pranda M.P. Garniwa , Dhavani A. Putera , Fadhilah A. Suwadana , Dita Puspita , Hyunjin Lee , Indra A. Aditya , Supriatna Supriatna","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of renewable energy, such as solar power, has the potential to mitigate the negative impacts of fossil fuel consumption. West Java Province holds significant potential for solar-based electricity development. This study aims to estimate hourly solar radiation, addressing extreme fluctuations in intensity within the study area. Solar radiation estimation is performed using a Long Short-Term Memory machine learning model. The model uses data from eight measurement stations operated by the Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika, recorded from 2022 to 2023, along with satellite imagery from the Geo-KOMPSAT-2A satellite to improve accuracy. Spatial interpolation using the Inverse Distance Weighting method is applied to estimate the spatial distribution of solar radiation, addressing gaps in previous studies that overlooked spatial aspects. The results indicate that input selection based on Pearson correlation analysis plays a role in influencing model accuracy. The best-performing model, which incorporates Air temperature, Relative humidity, Wind speed, Solar zenith angle, and Raw satellite pixel value as input variables, achieves an RMSE of 149.46 W/m² and an rRMSE of 39.99 %, with overall rRMSE ranging from 39.99 to 44.05 % and rMBE between <span><math><mo>−</mo></math></span>0.44 and 10.33 %. Inverse Distance Weighting transforms point-based Global horizontal irradiance estimates into continuous spatial data, but accuracy variations across stations, particularly in high-altitude areas, limit its effectiveness. These findings suggest that hybrid machine learning models or advanced spatialized techniques should be considered for future research. Despite its limitations, this study contributes to improving solar radiation estimation and spatial analysis, supporting renewable energy development in West Java.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial heterogeneity in deployment and upscaling of wind power in Swedish municipalities","authors":"Yodefia Rahmad , Fredrik Hedenus , Jessica Jewell , Vadim Vinichenko","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2025.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deployment of new onshore wind power faces challenges due to growing resistance, prompting increased interest in the development of effective deployment strategies. One approach is to examine historical deployment to identify factors shaping its distribution within a country. Current literature presents inconsistent results and lacks theoretically grounded approaches. This study enhanced the methodology for analyzing subnational wind deployment in two ways. First, techno-economic, socio-technical, and political perspectives from national energy transition literature were employed to identify relevant deployment mechanisms. Second, the approach differentiated between small-scale and large-scale wind power to avoid conflating results from obsolete technologies. The method is piloted in Sweden where wind deployment varied significantly despite nationwide policies. Findings from Sweden suggest that subnational heterogeneity of wind deployment at the municipality level is not primarily determined by techno-economic factors, but also by socio-technical and political variables. Deployment mechanisms also evolved over time, possibly due to technological upscaling. Small-scale wind power (≤1.5 MW) leveraged agricultural land and accumulated local experience, while large-scale wind power (>1.5 MW) is correlated with political variables such as siting policy and voter turnout. Municipalities with the highest large-scale deployment typically have extensive forest cover, low population density and wind speeds within a lower median range relative to the national median. Findings from Sweden can inform hypotheses for evaluation in other countries and future research can extend the proposed analytical framework to different national contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kalim U. Shah , Pravesh Raghoo , Philipp Blechinger
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Is there a case for a coal moratorium in Indonesia? Power sector optimization modeling of low-carbon strategies” [Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition (2024) 100074]","authors":"Kalim U. Shah , Pravesh Raghoo , Philipp Blechinger","doi":"10.1016/j.rset.2024.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rset.2024.100098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101071,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}