{"title":"On the acid-base equilibrium of the carbonate radical","authors":"T.E Eriksen, J Lind, G Merényi","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90185-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90185-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using pulse radiolysis and coupled optical detection the <em>p</em>K<sub><em>a</em></sub> of the HCO<sub>3</sub> radical is shown to lie between 7.0 and 8.2. The rate constant of self-recombination of CO<sup>-</sup><sub>3</sub> has a negative apparent activation energy which indicates a composite process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 197-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90185-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53761168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed M Dessouki, El-Sayed A Hegazy, Maher M El-Dessouky , Naeem M El-Sawy
{"title":"Anionic membranes obtained by radiation grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(vinyl chloride)","authors":"Ahmed M Dessouki, El-Sayed A Hegazy, Maher M El-Dessouky , Naeem M El-Sawy","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90180-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90180-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Some properties of the membranes obtained by radiation grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, have been studied. Quaternization of nitrogen atoms in the grafted films was completely achieved by using Mel and HCL as quaternizing agents. The grafted quaternized pure and plasticized PVC films possess much higher water uptake percent than those grafted unquaternized ones. The quaternized grafted films also show higher electrical conductivity than grafted unquaternized ones. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of Mel- and HCL-quaternized plasticized PVC films was 100 times that those of quaternized pure, at a given degree of grafting. The tensile strength and elongation percent for the trunk films were measured at various irradiation doses in N<sub>2</sub> atmosphere and in air. The mechanical properties of the wet grafted films were also investigated for films having various degrees of grafting. The good swelling behaviour of the grafted quaternized PVC films and the good mechanical strength of the grafted films may make them acceptable for handling and practical use as anion-exchange membranes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90180-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53760823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pilot scale experiments on radiation vulcanization of NR latex","authors":"M. Ridwan","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90173-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90173-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The potential of irradiated latex as raw material of commercial use is under testing on pilot plant scale in Indonesia which has 225 kCi Co-60 irradiation facility and can irradiate 1000 tonnes of centrifuged latex per annum. The facility was jointly designed by BATAN of Indonesia and JAERI of Japan and was jointly financed by UNDP/IAEA, Government of Japan and Government of Indonesia under UNDP/IAEA Regional Cooperative Agreement Project on Industrial Application of Isotopes and Radiation Technology. The facility is a water pool type and can accomodate 400 kCi Co-60. The Co-60 rack has two shapes, plate and cylindrical shapes. The plate shape source is used for natural rubber latex irradiation and the cylindrical one is used for other irradiation services. The vulcanization system consists of three major components : emulsification unit ( height : 650 mm, diameter 500 mm ), mixing unit ( height : 1900mm, diameter 1200 mm ) and vulcanization reactor ( height : 1800 mm, diameter 1300 mm ). The first two components are located outside shielded room while the third one-in irradiation room. The radiation vulcanization process is a much simpler energy saving process comparedto the conventional thermal process which has two vulcanization steps before and after dipping.</p><p>The physical and mechanical properties of irradiated NR Latex are comparable to those of sulfur vulcanized, and depend on many factors such as irradiation dose, sensitizer content, dry rubber content and storage time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"25 4","pages":"Pages 904-910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90173-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53760511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formation and decay of the methylviologen radical cation in the solid phase","authors":"M. Wolszczak, Cz. Stradowski","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90099-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90099-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Absorption and emission spectra of the methylviologen (MV<sup>2+</sup>)/<em>tris</em> (2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium(II)[Ru(bpy)<sup>2+</sup><sub>3</sub> system in a variety of solid systems—ethylene glycol-water glass, polymer foil, cellulose, and wool—have been studied at 4.2, 77, and 298 K. It was found that MV<sup>2+</sup> always quenches the luminescence of <span><math><mtext>∗</mtext><mtext>Ru(bpy)</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>2+</mn></msup><msub><mi></mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>. However, the MV<sup>+.</sup> radical cation, which is generated at 298 K as a result of a quenching process, is not generated at 77 and 4.2 K. Lowering of the temperature probably prevents the diffusion of electron donor to the oxidized form of photosensitizer and enables instantaneous back reaction. The formation of the MV<sup>+.</sup> radical cation under the influence of light <em>λ</em> > 300 nm at low and ambient temperatures has been studied. The crucial role of water in the oxidation of MV<sup>+.</sup> was confirmed in a pulse radiolysis experiment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 6","pages":"Pages 625-633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90099-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53755409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NCRP report, no. 45. natural background in the United States (issued November 1975)","authors":"R. Blackburn","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90041-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90041-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 1","pages":"Page 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90041-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53754304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on irradiation of agar-agar in the solid state: On the changes of colloid titration value of agar-agar hydrosol produced by irradiation","authors":"Mizuho Nisizawa","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90190-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90190-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solid agar-agar was irradiated with <sup>60</sup>Co gamma rays, and the effects of radiation on the electrolytic groups (sulfate group) of the agar-agar molecule were studied by colloid titrimetry. The after effects were also studied. Empirical equations for changes of colloid titration value were obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 227-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90190-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53761759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal stability of radiation curable materials","authors":"V.P. Thalacker, T.E. Boettcher","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90279-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90279-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The thermal stability of radiation curable materials was determined via TGA measurements and related to functionality, chemical type, and cure conditions. The results indicate that Tri-, Tetra-, and Penta- functional acrylates are more thermally stable than lower functional acrylates and that acrylates have better thermal stability than methacrylates. A comparison of EB, UV, and thermal curing conditions for TMPTA showed that EB-cured material was more thermally stable than UV and that thermally cured TMPTA was the least stable. The thermal stability of acrylated epoxy oligomers is again in the order of increasing functionality The <sup>13</sup>C carbonyl region and oxygen permeability measurements were used to determine the extent of cure and then related to thermal stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 323-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90279-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53764832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Uda , S. Tada , Y. Takeda , S. Suzuki , K. Kozima, K. Ueno , S. Torisu
{"title":"Application of irradiated wire","authors":"I. Uda , S. Tada , Y. Takeda , S. Suzuki , K. Kozima, K. Ueno , S. Torisu","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90167-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90167-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rubber insulated wires are still useful for internal wiring in motor vehicles and electrical equipment because of flexibility and toughness. Irradiated cross-linked rubber materials have been successfully introduced for use with fusible link wire and helically coiled cord.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"25 4","pages":"Pages 855-866"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90167-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138343464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A chain mechanism of radiolysis and photolysis in H[AuCl4]-polyvinyl alcohol system","authors":"A.P. Fedorova, A.L. Kartuzhanski, B.J. Peshchevitski, B.T. Plachenov","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90064-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90064-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A study of optical properties of H[AuCl<sub>4</sub>]-containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films allows the basis of a chain mechanism of their photolysis and radiolysis to be put forward. A suggestion is made, that in these chain reactions the Cl radical functions as an active particle, initiating the formation of two interacting chains in reactions of this radical with PVA and [AuCl<sub>4</sub>]<sup>-</sup> ions correspondingly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 3","pages":"Pages 273-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90064-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53754490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}