Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)最新文献_第3页

NCRP report, no. 45. natural background in the United States (issued November 1975) NCRP报告，没有。45. 美国的自然背景(1975年11月出版)

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90041-X

R. Blackburn

引用次数: 1

Formation and decay of the methylviologen radical cation in the solid phase 甲基紫素自由基阳离子在固相中的形成和衰变

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90099-8

M. Wolszczak, Cz. Stradowski

引用次数: 9

Radiation-induced chemical reactions of carbon monoxide and hydrogen mixture—II. Effects of reactant pressure and temperature on the yields of oxygen containing products 辐射诱导一氧化碳和氢气混合物的化学反应- ii。反应物压力和温度对含氧产物产率的影响

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90113-X

Shun'ichi Sugimoto, Masanobu Nishii, Toshio Sugiura

{"title":"Radiation-induced chemical reactions of carbon monoxide and hydrogen mixture—II. Effects of reactant pressure and temperature on the yields of oxygen containing products","authors":"Shun'ichi Sugimoto, Masanobu Nishii, Toshio Sugiura","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90113-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90113-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The radiation chemical reaction of CO-H2 mixture up to 8.4 x 105 Pa has been studied. The G values of oxygen containing organic compounds except methanol increased with increasing total pressure of reactant. The G values of most of products except trioxane and tetraoxane were increased with raising of temperature in the range from 210 to 350 K, while the G values of trioxane and tetraoxane reached the maxima at 243 K and decreased rapidly with raising of temperature. From the dependencies of G values of these cyclic ethers on pressure and temperature of the reactant, it is considered that these cyclic ethers produced from the neutralization reaction of HCO+ (CO)n cluster ions with electrons in an atmosphere of relatively large amount of hydrogen. The effects of CO content on G values of products did not change with the pressure change of the reactant.</div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 6","pages":"Pages 715-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90113-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53757391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Radiation grafted adhesive primers 辐射接枝胶粘剂

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90127-X

J.T. Simpson

引用次数: 5

The contract facilities for gamma irradiation at Dagneux, France 位于法国达涅克斯的伽马射线辐照合同设施

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90150-5

D. Pellerin , M.T. Kavanagh

引用次数: 1

Clear, flame-retardant, radiation cross-linked, polyolefin heat- shrinkable tubing 透明，阻燃，辐射交联，聚烯烃热缩管

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90168-2

K. Ueno

引用次数: 4

Response of radiation monitoring labels to gamma rays and electrons 辐射监测标签对伽马射线和电子的响应

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90157-8

F.Abdel Rahim , A. Miller , W.L. McLaughlin

{"title":"Response of radiation monitoring labels to gamma rays and electrons","authors":"F.Abdel Rahim , A. Miller , W.L. McLaughlin","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90157-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90157-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Many kinds of coated or impregnated reflecting papers change color or become colored by large radiation doses. Such papers or “labels” do not generally supply dosimetry information, but may give useful inventory information, namely a visual indication of whether or not an industrial product or location has been irradiated to high doses. Among labels available worldwide, a few are suitable for indicating absorbed dose regions of slightly less than 104 Gy (< 1 Mrad), and some are intended for monitoring high dose ranges (i.e., sterilization dose levels of > 104 Gy or > 1 Mrad), and in some cases even up to very high dose regions (∼105 to 106 Gy or ∼10 to 100 Mrad). Only one labels which is expected to be commercially available, was studied for lower dose levels, 101-103 Gy (1-100 krad), namely one based on polymerization of diacetylene. Tests of stability, sensitivity of ambient light, and differences in dose rate and radiation type (gamma rays and electron beams) were made on 15 kinds of labels. The results show that, for many types of indicators, diverse effects may give misleading conclusions unless countermeasures are taken. For example, some of the most commonly used labels, which contain dyes that indicate changes of pH due to release of halogen from halogenated substrates, have limited shelf life and must be protected from extreme environmental conditions. Some also show a marked rate dependence of response. Readings of color reflection optical densities on labels or long paper strips permit somewhat more precise discrimination of dose levels, and may sometimes be useful for monitoring differences in local dose distributions or area monitoring of radiation damage probabilities around particle accelerators or large radionuclide sources.</div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"25 4","pages":"Pages 767-775"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90157-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53760180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Dosimetry and dose distribution in cesium-137 irradiation unit used at the Eastern Regional Research Center 东部区域研究中心铯-137辐照装置的剂量学和剂量分布

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90159-1

James J. Shieh, Ronald K. Jenkins, Eugen Wierbicki

{"title":"Dosimetry and dose distribution in cesium-137 irradiation unit used at the Eastern Regional Research Center","authors":"James J. Shieh, Ronald K. Jenkins, Eugen Wierbicki","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90159-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90159-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>A self-contained, cesium-137 Research Irradiator with the strength of approximately 147, 000 Ci is located at the Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC). When the irradiator was installed, the absorbed dose in a reference position of the irradiation field was calibrated and the absorbed doses in other locations of the irradiation field relative to the calibrated positions were measured to map its irradiation field. Self-read pocket dosimeters for gamma-ray were calibrated with a 120 M Ci Calibration Cs-137 source which delivered about 50 mR exposure during a 20-min irradiation at 50 cm from the source. A ferrous sulfate/cupric sulfate solution was used to calibrate the dosimetry of the irradiation chamber which holds three number 10 cans (16 cm inside diameter X 17.5 cm height each). At 20-min exposure, Dmax:Dmin = 1.35, except at the top and bottom <math><mtext>1</mtext><mtext>3</mtext></math> portions of the cans, all positions received a more or less uniform dose (about 0.13 kGy/min) during irradiation. A straight line of total dose (kGy) vs time (min) was constructed following the equation y = 0.127 + 0.137 with r = 0.99, where y is the total dose, and x is time. Radiochromic films and PVC strips were also used to monitor the irradiation operation after comparing results obtained from the chemical dosimeter. Two equations were constructed, respectively, as follows: y = 0.0091x + 0.0015 with r = 0.99, where y = absorbance and x = time (min), and y' = 0.0041x' + 0.0185 with r = 0.99, where y' = absorbance and x' = time (min). Controlled environment is important when such chemical and solid state dosimeters are used during irradiation at subfreezing, refrigerated, or ambient temperature conditions; the equipment has this capability.</div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"25 4","pages":"Pages 779-792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90159-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53760306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Pilot scale experiments on radiation vulcanization of NR latex NR胶乳辐射硫化中试研究

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90173-6

M. Ridwan

{"title":"Pilot scale experiments on radiation vulcanization of NR latex","authors":"M. Ridwan","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90173-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90173-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The potential of irradiated latex as raw material of commercial use is under testing on pilot plant scale in Indonesia which has 225 kCi Co-60 irradiation facility and can irradiate 1000 tonnes of centrifuged latex per annum. The facility was jointly designed by BATAN of Indonesia and JAERI of Japan and was jointly financed by UNDP/IAEA, Government of Japan and Government of Indonesia under UNDP/IAEA Regional Cooperative Agreement Project on Industrial Application of Isotopes and Radiation Technology. The facility is a water pool type and can accomodate 400 kCi Co-60. The Co-60 rack has two shapes, plate and cylindrical shapes. The plate shape source is used for natural rubber latex irradiation and the cylindrical one is used for other irradiation services. The vulcanization system consists of three major components : emulsification unit ( height : 650 mm, diameter 500 mm ), mixing unit ( height : 1900mm, diameter 1200 mm ) and vulcanization reactor ( height : 1800 mm, diameter 1300 mm ). The first two components are located outside shielded room while the third one-in irradiation room. The radiation vulcanization process is a much simpler energy saving process comparedto the conventional thermal process which has two vulcanization steps before and after dipping.The physical and mechanical properties of irradiated NR Latex are comparable to those of sulfur vulcanized, and depend on many factors such as irradiation dose, sensitizer content, dry rubber content and storage time.</div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"25 4","pages":"Pages 904-910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90173-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53760511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Anionic membranes obtained by radiation grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(vinyl chloride) 聚氯乙烯辐射接枝4-乙烯基吡啶制备阴离子膜

Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977) Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90180-3

Ahmed M Dessouki, El-Sayed A Hegazy, Maher M El-Dessouky , Naeem M El-Sawy

{"title":"Anionic membranes obtained by radiation grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(vinyl chloride)","authors":"Ahmed M Dessouki, El-Sayed A Hegazy, Maher M El-Dessouky , Naeem M El-Sawy","doi":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90180-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-5724(85)90180-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Some properties of the membranes obtained by radiation grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, have been studied. Quaternization of nitrogen atoms in the grafted films was completely achieved by using Mel and HCL as quaternizing agents. The grafted quaternized pure and plasticized PVC films possess much higher water uptake percent than those grafted unquaternized ones. The quaternized grafted films also show higher electrical conductivity than grafted unquaternized ones. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of Mel- and HCL-quaternized plasticized PVC films was 100 times that those of quaternized pure, at a given degree of grafting. The tensile strength and elongation percent for the trunk films were measured at various irradiation doses in N2 atmosphere and in air. The mechanical properties of the wet grafted films were also investigated for films having various degrees of grafting. The good swelling behaviour of the grafted quaternized PVC films and the good mechanical strength of the grafted films may make them acceptable for handling and practical use as anion-exchange membranes.</div>","PeriodicalId":101054,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry (1977)","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-5724(85)90180-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53760823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26