Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America最新文献_第2页

Performance of soybeans inoculated with multifunctional microorganisms under water-deficit stress 亏水胁迫下接种多功能微生物对大豆生产性能的影响

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70131

Michel Aldrighi, Juliana Domingues Lima, Paulo Ivan Fernandes-Júnior, Enderson Petrônio de Brito Ferreira

{"title":"Performance of soybeans inoculated with multifunctional microorganisms under water-deficit stress","authors":"Michel Aldrighi, Juliana Domingues Lima, Paulo Ivan Fernandes-Júnior, Enderson Petrônio de Brito Ferreira","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70131","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70131","url":null,"abstract":"Soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) are mainly grown in Brazil during the rainy season. However, there are typically periods of rainfall deficiency, which causes water-deficit stress to the crop. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can help alleviate these stresses by inducing water deficit tolerance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of PGPR in enhancing soybean tolerance to water-deficit stress. Six PGPR isolates, two for induction of water-deficit tolerance (ESA 441, BRM 034008), two AIA-producing (Ab-V5, BRM 063574), and two phosphate solubilizing (BRM 063573, BRM 67205), and their combination were evaluated, for a total of 16 treatments. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with three replicates. Effects were measured on gas exchange parameters (stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, and photosynthetic rate), growth parameters (shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root length, root surface area, root diameter, and root volume), and yield components (pod weight, number of pods, number of grains, and grain weight). Co-inoculation significantly reduces the effects of water stress on gas exchange, plant growth, and productivity compared to single inoculation. Notable combinations, such as BRM 063574 + BRM 67205 + BRM 034008 and BRM 063574 + BRM 063573 + ESA 441, improved root and shoot growth under stress conditions. Yield components also improved with co-inoculations, with combinations such as BRM 063574 + BRM 67205 + ESA 441 showing the highest efficacy. These results suggest that specific PGPR co-inoculations can improve soybean resilience to water deficit stress and promote better growth and yield.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/saj2.70131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical equation for rapid estimation of pesticide leaching risk accounting for nonlinear sorption with bulk soil biodegradation 考虑土体生物降解非线性吸附的农药淋滤风险快速估算分析方程

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70120

S. Ruiz, S. Payvandi, P. Sweeney, T. Roose

{"title":"Analytical equation for rapid estimation of pesticide leaching risk accounting for nonlinear sorption with bulk soil biodegradation","authors":"S. Ruiz, S. Payvandi, P. Sweeney, T. Roose","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70120","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematical models are used extensively to estimate soil pesticide leaching in regulatory risk assessments and are often solved numerically, which can obscure simple insights. We developed an analytical solution that highlights the role of the ratio of sorption to degradation in compound leaching, denoted as the sorption-extinction (Se) coefficient. We extend the classic analytical work of Jury to derive a steady-state solution for pesticide concentrations as a function of soil depth considering nonlinear sorption. We consider degradation in the soil water and solid phases and transport driven by advection, diffusion, and dispersion. Nonlinear sorption was handled using the mathematical technique of asymptotic expansions. We compared the steady-state analytic solution with extended duration simulations of the European regulatory numerical model PEARL for all FOCUS scenarios (i.e., nine European regions). The analytic solution was consistent with the long-term PEARL results across most FOCUS scenarios, and the results show that for a fixed Se coefficient, similar mean pesticide concentrations at the regulatory leaching depth (1 m) are obtained despite varying the sorption and degradation by an order of magnitude. This indicates that the Se coefficient is a dominant component of mean leaching behavior rather than degradation or sorption alone. However, as the absolute value of degradation and sorption decreases, variability of the pesticide concentration increases. While we demonstrate the approach using the FOCUS scenarios weather and soil data, this method can be applied as a rapid and time-efficient predictive tool for any region with either highly or more scarcely parameterized soil/weather data.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/saj2.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the performance of percolation-based effective medium approximation and sigmoidal model for modeling thermal conductivity of tropical soils 基于渗流的有效介质近似和s型模型模拟热带土壤导热系数的性能评价

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70118

S. K. Kumahor, B. Nyarko-Ackom

{"title":"Evaluating the performance of percolation-based effective medium approximation and sigmoidal model for modeling thermal conductivity of tropical soils","authors":"S. K. Kumahor, B. Nyarko-Ackom","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70118","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70118","url":null,"abstract":"Soil thermal conductivity (λ) is essential for understanding coupled matter and energy flux in porous systems. However, its prediction has remained unsettled due to its intricate relationship with soil properties such as soil moisture content (θ) and texture. This study investigates λ–θ relationship in 15 tropical soils from Ghana. The results show that soil λ–θ relationship is strongly nonlinear and depends on texture with fine-textured soil exhibiting a flat tail in λ the dry range. Four distinct domains, namely, hydration, pendular, funicular, and capillary, ranging from dry to wet condition, were identified. Two modeling approaches, percolation-based effective medium approximation (P-EMA) and an empirical sigmoidal model (SM), were evaluated on the λ(θ) dataset. An explicit λ(θ) P-EMA variant outperformed a θ(λ) variant, achieving performance on par with the SM. However, the explicit λ(θ) P-EMA performs well in the hydration regime, whereas the SM performs well in the capillary regime. The explicit λ(θ) P-EMA and SM had difficulty fitting the nonlinear behaviour at intermediate θ beyond the pendular domain, possibly due to the structural complexity, which is also linked to phase distribution. This study advances our knowledge on λ–θ relationships in Ghanaian soils.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pedogenesis of a coastal climosequence and a volcanic ash-influenced elevational transect of western Haleakalā, Maui 毛伊岛哈雷阿卡拉岛西部沿海气候序列和火山灰影响的海拔样带的成土作用

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70119

Ryan C. Hodges, Janis L. Boettinger, Jonathan L. Deenik

{"title":"Pedogenesis of a coastal climosequence and a volcanic ash-influenced elevational transect of western Haleakalā, Maui","authors":"Ryan C. Hodges, Janis L. Boettinger, Jonathan L. Deenik","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70119","url":null,"abstract":"The western slope of Haleakalā, Maui, demonstrates a wide range in soil development (eight mapped soil orders), thus providing a unique opportunity to investigate how climate and volcanic ash deposition influence soil development on basalt. The objective of this study was to examine soil chemical and physical properties across climatic gradients and elevation to address how climate and relatively recent volcanic ash deposition affect pedogenesis across western Haleakalā. Sixteen pedons were sampled: five in a coastal climosequence uninfluenced by volcanic ash (15–224 m elevation; 461–2768 mm mean annual precipitation [MAP]; 22°C–23°C mean annual temperature [MAT]; 3357–5577 mm potential evapotranspiration [PET]), and eleven in an elevational transect variably influenced by volcanic ash (73–1362 m elevation; 283–2267 mm MAP; 13°C–24°C MAT; 1555–2704 mm PET). Pedogenic thresholds for dynamic soil properties (base saturation [BS], pH, organic C, and Al/Si extracted by ammonium oxalate) occurred at about 0.4 MAP/PET (1500 mm MAP) along the coastal climosequence and at about 0.8 MAP/PET (1600 mm MAP) along the elevational transect due to an increase in soil moisture availability and leaching potential. Greater clay/Fe (extracted by citrate dithionite [CD]) and crystalline Fe (CD minus hydroxylamine hydrochloride-hydrochloric acid [HH]) in drier lowland soils more distant from the summit indicate they are likely older and occur on older landforms. The ratio MAP/PET is an effective climatic index for understanding trends in pedogenesis and indicating pedogenic thresholds in climosequences and elevational transects in Hawaiian ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/saj2.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The correlation of soil properties, climate factors, and 137Cs activity in soils 土壤性质、气候因子与土壤中137Cs活性的相关性

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70122

Sara Ghavamifar, Hossein Torabi Golsefidi, Ali Bahrami Samani, Zhaohui Li, Ravi Naidu

{"title":"The correlation of soil properties, climate factors, and 137Cs activity in soils","authors":"Sara Ghavamifar, Hossein Torabi Golsefidi, Ali Bahrami Samani, Zhaohui Li, Ravi Naidu","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70122","url":null,"abstract":"The entry of 137Cs into the soil can lead to its presence in food and water. Understanding how 137Cs behaves in soil is important for predicting its environmental fate. Thirteen agricultural and one pasture soil sample were collected from various locations. A comprehensive analysis of the soil's physicochemical properties and climate and geographical factors was conducted. 137Cs activity and clay mineralogy were determined using γ-spectrometer and x-ray diffraction. Correlation analysis between measured factors with 137Cs activity revealed that the presence of carbonate minerals played a significant role in the negative correlation between pH and 137Cs activity (r = −0.43). While a weak negative correlation was observed between clay mineral content and 137Cs activity (r = −0.12), the type of clay minerals presents proved to be more influential on 137Cs adsorption. Smectite minerals exhibited a positive correlation with 137Cs activity (r = 0.46), aligning with the correlation between 137Cs activity and precipitation (r = 0.49). The strong positive correlation between longitude and 137Cs activity (r = 0.66, p < 0.01) was not directly indicative of longitude's influence on nuclear fallout distribution. Instead, this correlation was attributed to the interplay of other factors, including precipitation, smectite, calcium carbonate, and chlorite minerals. The possible effect of soil erosion, land use, and human activity on 137Cs activity was discussed in provinces with similar soil and climate characteristics. This research explored the potential influence of various factors on 137Cs activity, highlighting the complexity of environmental factors in accurately estimating 137Cs levels in soil.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Total and labile carbon and nitrogen in anthropogenic and native soils of New York City 纽约市人为土壤和天然土壤的总碳和活性氮

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70121

Kohinoor Begum, Zhongqi Cheng, Geraldine N. Vega Pizarro, Milton E. Vega Luna, Braden Fleming, Austin Price, Joxelle Velázquez García, Randy Riddle, Donald C. Parizek, Luis A. Hernandez, Richard K. Shaw, Peter M. Groffman

{"title":"Total and labile carbon and nitrogen in anthropogenic and native soils of New York City","authors":"Kohinoor Begum, Zhongqi Cheng, Geraldine N. Vega Pizarro, Milton E. Vega Luna, Braden Fleming, Austin Price, Joxelle Velázquez García, Randy Riddle, Donald C. Parizek, Luis A. Hernandez, Richard K. Shaw, Peter M. Groffman","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70121","url":null,"abstract":"Urban soils are key components of urban ecosystems and can contribute to the solution for many ecological and environmental problems such as stormwater runoff, pollution mitigation, and urban food production. Urbanization processes often result in highly disturbed and spatially variable urban soils. Besides heterogeneity, one of the unique and intriguing aspects of urban soil is the nature and properties of organic carbon, with a significant percentage being anthropogenic carbon such as black carbon, which is less biologically active than natural organic matter. We sampled 13 soil profiles covering a wide range of soil conditions, including both anthropogenic and native soils, across New York City. At each site from each horizon, soil samples were collected for laboratory determination of total carbon and nitrogen, black carbon, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and pools of readily mineralizable carbon and nitrogen. We hypothesized that the carbon present in urban soil profiles derived from human-altered and human-transported (HAHT) parent materials has a lower capacity to support microbial biomass and a limited nitrogen supplying ability compared to the carbon found in urban soils derived from native parent materials. We found that total carbon and nitrogen were as high, or even higher in soils derived from HAHT parent materials than in native soil profiles, but that labile pools were lower in the HAHT soils. Assessment of the quality of organic carbon, which is strongly affected by HAHT materials, is important for understanding the ability of urban soils to support a wide range of ecological and environmental functions.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of soil pH and lime requirement methods and recommended lime rates for six reference soils across US land grant institutions 评估土壤pH值和石灰需求方法和推荐石灰率在美国土地授予机构的六种参考土壤

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70116

John D. Jones, Robert O. Miller, John T. Spargo, Frank J. Sikora, Manbir K. Rakkar, Nathan A. Slaton, Deanna L. Osmond

{"title":"Assessment of soil pH and lime requirement methods and recommended lime rates for six reference soils across US land grant institutions","authors":"John D. Jones, Robert O. Miller, John T. Spargo, Frank J. Sikora, Manbir K. Rakkar, Nathan A. Slaton, Deanna L. Osmond","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70116","url":null,"abstract":"Soil pH and liming recommendations that address the soils, crops, and liming materials have been developed and adopted by land grant universities since the early 20th century. We inventoried land grant institution soil pH and lime requirement (LR) measurement methods for 1980 and 2020 and examined differences in lime rate recommendations for six reference soils using a survey developed by members of the Fertilizer Recommendation Support Tool initiative. Laboratory analysis for six acidic soils with a range of properties was shared with scientists requesting a lime recommendation for each, assuming a 0- to 15-cm soil depth, 6.5 target pH, and lime material having 100% effective calcium carbonate equivalence. Soil pH methods, LR methods, and lime rate recommendations were documented for 48, 41, and 34 states, respectively. The most widely used pH method was a 1:1 soil–water ratio (34 states, 71%). Thirty-one states use one or more buffer solutions to determine LR with the most widely used being the Sikora (10 states), Mehlich (10 states), and Shoemaker, McLean, and Pratt (nine states) buffers. Forty lime rate recommendations from 34 states for each soil were summarized with median rates ranging from 2242 to 9079 kg ha−1 and coefficients of variation ranging from 41% to 73%. The reasons for high LR variability are likely due to different calibrations as no strong trends for LR method or region were observed. Efforts are needed to develop and harmonize lime recommendations to provide accurate and transparent guidance, especially for states sharing common soils and boundaries.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/saj2.70116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of phosphorus sources using oxygen isotope signatures of the recalcitrant and residual phosphorus pools in soils and sediments 利用土壤和沉积物中顽固性和残余磷池的氧同位素特征识别磷源

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70127

Jessica M. Anton, Zhaohua Jiang, Takuya Ishida, Deb P. Jaisi

{"title":"Identification of phosphorus sources using oxygen isotope signatures of the recalcitrant and residual phosphorus pools in soils and sediments","authors":"Jessica M. Anton, Zhaohua Jiang, Takuya Ishida, Deb P. Jaisi","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70127","url":null,"abstract":"Excess phosphorus (P) loading has led to eutrophication and deteriorated the water quality globally. The existing limitation of analytical methods for tracing residual and recalcitrant P pools has posed a challenge to discern specific sources, specifically legacy sources, which are considered the missing piece of the global P puzzle. In this study, residual P pools of soils and sediments from the East Creek micro-watershed in the Chesapeake Bay watershed were sequentially extracted using 10 M HNO3, 10 M NaOH, and aqua regia, and phosphate oxygen isotopes (δ18OP) of these soil P pools were then measured. Additionally, the isotope integrity of each reagent was assessed and found that 10 M HNO3 and 10 M NaOH do not significantly compromise the original isotope values over the extraction time. The isotopes of inorganic residual soil Pi pools revealed a distinct range of isotope values among different land uses as well as specific landforms within each land use, suggesting the usefulness of isotopes of residual Pi pools to discriminate different P sources in sub-land uses. Furthermore, isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) of residual soil pools showed distinct signatures among sources and pointed to potential signals imprinted from the past cropping systems. Contributions of soils from wetland, streambank, agricultural land, and forest sources varied systematically along East Creek. The Bayesian elemental fingerprinting model provided the effect of the dynamic nature of sources, as well as potential creek meanders. In conclusion, the integration of multi-isotope and elemental fingerprinting methods of residual soil Pi pools presents a promising and complementary tool for tracking P sources in watersheds.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Irrigated malt barley nitrogen management: Insights from historical and modern cultivars 灌溉麦芽大麦氮管理：从历史和现代栽培品种的见解

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70124

Christopher W. Rogers, Chanchal Pramanik, Gongshe Hu, Juliet M. Marshall, David D. Tarkalson, Patrick L. Hatzenbuehler, Christopher Evans

{"title":"Irrigated malt barley nitrogen management: Insights from historical and modern cultivars","authors":"Christopher W. Rogers, Chanchal Pramanik, Gongshe Hu, Juliet M. Marshall, David D. Tarkalson, Patrick L. Hatzenbuehler, Christopher Evans","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70124","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70124","url":null,"abstract":"Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the primary grain used for malting and brewing in the United States. Idaho accounts for upward of 40% of US production with the largest share grown under irrigation in the Snake River Plain. Cultivar and agronomic advancements occurred in the past century but, N-supply research has lagged behind. We addressed this with N-response trials of historical and modern malt barley cultivars from 2015 to 2019. Six N-supplies (applied fertilizer-N + soil inorganic-N) were tested, allowing critical nitrogen supply (CNS) determination, that is, N-supply at yield plateau. Site-by-site analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear plateau (LP) models were used to determine ANOVA CNS, which ranged from 110 to 149 kg N ha−1. At ANOVA CNS, modern barley yields were 10%–20% greater than historical cultivars. Combined-site LP and quadratic plateau (QP) models resulted in CNS ranges of 117–152 kg N ha−1 for historical cultivars and 141–170 kg N ha−1 for modern cultivars; both model results are below the current maximum recommendation of 235 kg N ha−1. Grain yields for Klages were 20%–35% greater than reported from research in the 1970s and 1980s; however, CNS were similar. Grain protein was more negatively affected by N-supply for Klages, but all cultivars remained below malting thresholds across their CNS ranges. Our data support lower fertilizer-N applications and expenditures compared to current recommendations and evidence the importance of synergistic enhancement of malt barley production through breeding and agronomic advancement to optimize crop and farm business performance.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/saj2.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the stability of size-dependent aggregates: The critical role of electrostatic repulsion in interparticle force distribution 评估大小依赖聚集体的稳定性：静电斥力在粒子间力分布中的关键作用

Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America Pub Date : 2025-08-10 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.70113

Rongren Bin, Xiaodong Yang, Qiqi Wang, Wenjie Yang, Yajun Yang, Jiangwen Li, Chenyang Xu, Feinan Hu, Jialong Lv, Wei Du

{"title":"Assessing the stability of size-dependent aggregates: The critical role of electrostatic repulsion in interparticle force distribution","authors":"Rongren Bin, Xiaodong Yang, Qiqi Wang, Wenjie Yang, Yajun Yang, Jiangwen Li, Chenyang Xu, Feinan Hu, Jialong Lv, Wei Du","doi":"10.1002/saj2.70113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/saj2.70113","url":null,"abstract":"Soil aggregate stability is critical for maintaining soil fertility and mitigating environmental issues like erosion, yet the mechanisms by which interparticle interactions (van der Waals attraction, and electrostatic and hydration repulsion) govern stability across aggregate sizes remain unclear. This study investigated the distribution characteristics, influencing factors, and mechanisms of interparticle forces affecting aggregate structure stability for different-sized aggregates (2–5, 1–2, 0.25–1, 0.053–0.25 mm) using the pipette method and soil electrochemical theory. Results revealed that aggregate stability decreases significantly as electrolyte concentration decreases, with larger aggregates exhibiting stronger stability due to net attractive forces dominating interparticle interactions. In contrast, smaller aggregates experienced repulsion-dominated forces, reducing stability. The differential distribution of clay particles within aggregates of varied sizes altered surface charge density, surface potential, and electric field strength. Specifically, the high clay content in larger aggregates increased specific surface area, reducing surface charge density and weakening electrostatic repulsion, thereby enhancing stability. Electrochemical trends aligned with stability patterns, providing a robust explanation for size-dependent behavior. These findings clarify how clay distribution and interparticle forces govern aggregate stability, advancing mechanistic insights into soil structure dynamics. By quantifying the role of internal forces at the mesoscale, this study offers a foundation for targeted management practices to enhance soil resilience against environmental stressors like erosion and nonpoint source pollution.","PeriodicalId":101043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - Soil Science Society of America","volume":"89 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0