Pharmacological Research - Reports最新文献

{"title":"Hepatic and osteogenic effects of dulaglutide and semaglutide in an acute model of hepatotoxicity in mice","authors":"Bruna Christ Faria ,&nbsp;Kauê Marcel de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Débora Rasec Radulski ,&nbsp;Maria Carolina Stipp ,&nbsp;Claudia Martins Galindo ,&nbsp;Gabriela Saidel Pereira ,&nbsp;Olair Carlos Beltrame ,&nbsp;Rafaela Ceron ,&nbsp;Fernando Augusto de Oliveira Ganzella ,&nbsp;Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich ,&nbsp;Edneia Amancio de Souza Ramos ,&nbsp;Carolina Aguiar Moreira ,&nbsp;Alexandra Acco","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatic liver diseases are among the most common chronic diseases worldwide, with few available treatments. Bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, are associated with liver disease and other conditions and represent another challenge to treatment. The present study investigated effects of the antidiabetic glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogs semaglutide and dulaglutide on hepatic and osteogenic parameters in an acute CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity model. Two protocols were used in male Swiss mice: treatment and pretreatment with one or two administrations of semaglutide (0.021 mg/kg, i.p.), dulaglutide (0.014 mg/kg, i.p.), silymarin (100 mg/kg, p.o., positive control), or vehicle (10 ml/kg, i.p.). The mice were euthanized 48 h after the challenge with 1.5 % CCl₄ (0.25 ml, i.p.). The results indicated that dulaglutide exerted greater hepatoprotective effects than semaglutide, reducing liver necrosis, hepatic glutathione-<em>S</em>-transferase activity, and plasma alanine aminotransferase levels. Semaglutide improved the biliary excretion of cholesterol, benefiting more the biliary system than the hepatic parenchyma. Both drugs induced the gene expression of <em>Cyclin D1</em>, improving the proliferative phase of liver regeneration. With regard to bone remodeling, semaglutide increased the osteoblast surface (O.b/S) and its function by increasing the osteoid surface (OS/BS), suggesting an increase in bone formation. These data indicate that dulaglutide has potential as an alternative treatment for hepatotoxicity that is mainly induced by drugs, and semaglutide can improve bone development, demonstrating the potential of this GLP-1 analog for the prevention of bone fragility that is related to liver diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950200424000193/pdfft?md5=96df7a5794cb382c384a47ed26396214&pid=1-s2.0-S2950200424000193-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cashew nut-supplemented diet on testicular injury in rats exposed to sub-acute alcohol","authors":"Adewale Segun James ,&nbsp;Beno Okechukwu Onunkwor ,&nbsp;Victor O. Akinseye ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Ifeanyichukwu Ugwor ,&nbsp;Okere Uchenna Daniel ,&nbsp;Eigele Emmanuel Eigbe ,&nbsp;Uche David Ariguzo ,&nbsp;Christiana Oluwakunmisola Igbin ,&nbsp;Charity Chiamaka Amaogu ,&nbsp;Somtochukwu Ezeonye ,&nbsp;Gabriella Akagu ,&nbsp;Regina Ngozi Ugbaja","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>Binge drinking is a major global health issue, causing over 3.3 million mortalities yearly and might induce male infertility<span>. Cashew nut contains many constituents with health benefits. This study investigated the effect of a cashew nut-supplemented diet (CND) against ethanol-invoked </span></span>testicular injury in male </span>Wistar rats<span>. Thirty male rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6). The groups are as follows: Group 1: (fed with standard diet only), Group 2: ethanol (received 30% v/v; 4 mL /kg body weight, orally) and regular diet, Group 3: (received ethanol and fed with 5% CND), Group 4: (received ethanol and provided with CND 10%), and Group 5: (10% CND) only. After fourteen days of ethanol administration and diet regimen, animals were fasted overnight and euthanized. Testis and blood were collected for biochemical and histological analyses. Testis was investigated for </span></span>oxidative stress<span><span><span> indices, glycogen level, antioxidant biomarkers, </span>alcohol metabolism </span>enzymes<span><span>, and histopathology. Serum cholesterol<span>, testosterone, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were also determined. Ethanol caused significant inhibition/reduction of antioxidant enzymes, cholesterol, testosterone, and FSH levels. Furthermore, there were increased levels of oxidative stress markers and histological impairment of the testis. However, the treatment with CND dose-dependently decreased the oxidative stress and aberrant histological features while augmenting the lowered antioxidant systems, normalizing the alcohol metabolizing enzymes and the hormones levels. This study shows that CND might protect against testicular injury by attenuating oxidative stress and boosting antioxidant and </span></span>steroidogenesis in male rats.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139687629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next -generation probiotics as potential therapeutic supplement for gastrointestinal infections","authors":"Nidhi Gupta ,&nbsp;Kajal Kachhawaha ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar Behera ,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prerep.2024.100002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The experimental evolution of gut microbiota<span><span> and human wellness<span><span> has witnessed increased recognition in the past decade. In the human gastrointestinal tract<span>, about 100 million bacteria, viruses, and fungi exist that play a symbiotic relationship with human immunity. Simultaneously, the rising concerns and consequences of antimicrobial and </span></span>antibiotic resistance are shrinking new antibiotic discoveries and demanding alternative approaches for eradicating infectious diseases. The next-generation </span></span>probiotics (NGPs) could be a potential answer to this global challenge.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span><span>Recognizing the limitations of traditional probiotics in terms of diversity and scope, the study explored the broader applications of NGPs and their potential to address various gut health issues, </span>dysbiosis<span><span>, and gastrointestinal disorders. Here, we have strengthened the connections between the </span>gut microbiome and overall health, specifically focusing on </span></span><span><em>Helicobacter pylori</em></span> (<em>H. pylori</em><span><span>) infection and inflammatory bowel disease<span> (IBD). Using a narrative approach, the strengths and weaknesses of currently available therapies and </span></span>fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have been described.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>The outcome of this study reveals the promising potential of NGPs in offering targeted interventions that overcome the limitations of existing approaches. We highlight the perspective of NGPs by addressing the benefits, with their anti-inflammatory properties and ability to enhance gut health. However, we also acknowledge crucial gaps in current knowledge in the field of NGPs’ treatment, particularly the limited clinical evidence for their efficacy etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101015,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Reports","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}