Personalized Medicine Universe最新文献

{"title":"Comments on the business of genetic testing","authors":"Hirohiko Matsumoto M.D., Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 59-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83659404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of a dietary supplement containing functional food ingredients for erectile dysfunction","authors":"S. Kamohara, Masakatsu Kageyama, S. Sunayama, Denpo Kozo","doi":"10.1016/J.PMU.2014.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PMU.2014.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"368 1","pages":"38-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78572447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging histopathological prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinomas","authors":"Kenji Yorita ,&nbsp;Akinobu Ohno ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kataoka","doi":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms and is associated with a poor survival rate. An increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC carcinogenesis and progression has enabled the identification of many potential HCC biomarkers. In addition to predicting prognosis and recurrence, these markers may guide decisions regarding therapeutic intervention of potential targets and appropriate therapeutic modalities for individual patients. Considering the high recurrence rate associated with HCC resection, improved biomarkers that can be used for early diagnosis, predicting recurrence, and monitoring progression are urgently needed in clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Study section and results</h3><p><span>This systematic review<span> examines evidence from published studies that have reported emerging prognostic biomarkers, paying particular attention to markers evaluated by histopathological analysis of resected HCC tissues. These markers include molecules involved in cellular proliferation and survival (</span></span><em>e.g.</em><span><span> cyclins and </span>cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors<span><span>, mutant p53, and hepatocyte growth factor receptor [c-MET]), aberrantly expressed </span>cell surface proteins (</span></span><em>e.g.</em><span><span> glypican 3, </span>monocarboxylate transporter 4<span>, and hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1), and factors found in altered tumor microenvironments (</span></span><em>e.g.</em><span> angiogenesis factors, regulatory T-cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and hepatic stellate cells).</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>Identification of novel, effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC is critical for the improvement of companion diagnostics in personalized oncology therapies for HCC. The molecules described in this review are attractive candidates for future HCC biomarkers to be used in </span>clinical oncology practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91774490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the newly synthesized linoleic acid derivative DCP-LA as a potential anti-dementia drug","authors":"Tomoyuki Nishizaki ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kanno ,&nbsp;Akinobu Gotoh","doi":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><span><span>We synthesized the linoleic acid derivative 8-[2-(2-pentyl-cyclopropylmethyl)-cyclopropyl]-octanoic acid (DCP-LA) with </span>cyclopropane rings instead of </span><em>cis</em>-double bonds. Here, we introduce DCP-LA as a novel anti-dementia drug.</p></div><div><h3>Study section and results</h3><p><span>DCP-LA selectively and directly activated protein kinase C-ε (PKCε) to enhance the activity of presynaptic α7 acetylcholine (ACh) receptors by promoting receptor translocation to the cell surface and increasing presynaptic glutamate release. This action of DCP-LA caused a long-lasting facilitation of hippocampal </span>synaptic transmission, which improved learning and memory impairments in animal models.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>DCP-LA could be developed as a promising anti-dementia drug, offering new hope for treating dementias including Alzheimer disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91774493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenosine exerts potent anticancer effects through diverse signaling pathways","authors":"Ayako Tsuchiya,&nbsp;Takeshi Kanno,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Nishizaki","doi":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><span>Evidence has shown that extracellular adenosine induces apoptosis in variety of </span>cancer cells<span>, mainly through two pathways: an intrinsic pathway relative to adenosine uptake into the cells, and an extrinsic pathway involving the adenosine receptors. We elucidated the mechanisms underlying the adenosine-induced anticancer effects.</span></p></div><div><h3>Study section and results</h3><p><span>Extrinsic pathway analysis showed that extracellular adenosine induces apoptosis in CW2 human colon cancer<span> and RCR-1 rat astrocytoma cells through the A</span></span>₁<span> adenosine receptor; in Caco-2 human colon cancer and HepG2 human hepatoma cells through the A</span>_2a adenosine receptor; and through the A₃<span><span><span> adenosine receptor in A549, Lu-65, and SBC-3 human lung cancer cells, RCC4-VHL human renal cancer cells, 5637 human bladder cancer cells, and human malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. In the intrinsic pathways, intracellularly transported adenosine induces apoptosis in GT3-TKB human lung cancer cells, human malignant pleural mesothelioma cells, HuH-7 and HepG2 human hepatoma cells, and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by a) activating </span>AMPK, b) upregulating p53, c) downregulating c-FLIP expression, d) neutralizing caspase-3 inhibition due to inhibition of apoptosis protein (IAP) in cooperation with DIABLO, e) accumulating AMID in the nucleus, f) regulating apoptosis-related </span>gene transcription, or g) promoting GATA-2-regulated p53 gene transcription.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><span>Adenosine exerts its anticancer action on a wide variety of cancer cell types through diverse signaling pathways. Therefore, adenosine and its signaling cascades can be useful as possible targets in the development of promising </span>anticancer therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 35-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.02.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91774492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphingosine arrests the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by targeting sphingosine-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase Cδ in vitro","authors":"T. Kanno, A. Gotoh, T. Nishizaki","doi":"10.1016/J.PMU.2014.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PMU.2014.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"39 1","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90511446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized medicine-based strategy for prostate cancer","authors":"Akinobu Gotoh","doi":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the emergence of molecularly targeted drugs, the phrase “personalized medicine” has recently become frequently used in the medical community. This phrase basically refers to treatments based on the selection of optimum therapies for individual patients but it can also include treatments based on the integration of various new technologies to enhance clinical care. Interest in personalized medicine will likely continue to increase in the future. Given the rapid advances in molecular biology, genetic engineering, biotechnology, and related sciences, personalized medicine is closer to realization but continues to face many issues.</p><p>In recent years, the word “strategy” has become an everyday term, especially in phrases such as “management strategy” and “government strategy”. Strategy generally refers to the art or science of coordinated effort and resource management with a long-term perspective and a multifaceted approach in order to reach a specific goal. When translated into the specific context of medical treatment, strategy refers to the methods of preparing, planning, and managing medical treatment from a long-term and overall perspective and would thus seem to be distinct from medical practice, which represents the concrete execution of strategy. Because strategy will likely hold particular importance in the field of personalized medicine, I would like to present an overview of strategy in this field and also draw on my own experience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89991886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenosine exerts potent anticancer effects through diverse signaling pathways","authors":"A. Tsuchiya, T. Kanno, T. Nishizaki","doi":"10.1016/J.PMU.2014.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PMU.2014.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"53 1","pages":"35-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77669586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphingosine arrests the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by targeting sphingosine-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase Cδ in vitro","authors":"Takeshi Kanno ,&nbsp;Akinobu Gotoh ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Nishizaki","doi":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><span>Emerging evidence has indicated that the sphingolipid </span>sphingosine<span> is involved in cellular differentiation, cell growth, and apoptosis<span>. Here, we elucidated the sphingosine signaling pathways underlying apoptosis and cell growth inhibition.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Study section and results</h3><p><span><span><span>Sphingosine induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons and astrocytes by activating caspase-3/-9 via the sphingosine-dependent protein kinase (SDK)/14-3-3 protein/Bax/cytochrome c pathway. This may account for the implication of sphingosine/SDK in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, sphingosine induced apoptosis in MKN-28 human gastric </span>cancer cells in an SDK-dependent manner. In the human </span>malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines, sphingosine suppressed cell growth by arresting the cell cycle at the G</span>₀/G₁ phase, along with inhibiting protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ). This suggests that sphingosine/SDK/PKCδ signaling can be potentially used in treating many types of cancers.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present review shows that sphingosine induces apoptosis and inhibits the cell cycle by targeting SDK and PKCδ. Our findings represent a fresh insight into sphingosine signaling pathways, and may provide a blueprint for developing drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease and many types of cancers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90131469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized medicine for bronchial asthma and allergies","authors":"Naomi Kondo MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Manami Kuwabara ,&nbsp;Eiko Matsui MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hitomi Kodama ,&nbsp;Masumi Kumada ,&nbsp;Kuniyo Kondo ,&nbsp;Tomiko Nagata ,&nbsp;Sayuri Toida ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Mishina ,&nbsp;Junko Iwasaki ,&nbsp;Yukari Matsuno ,&nbsp;Yayoi Furuta ,&nbsp;Akiko Shinoda ,&nbsp;Sumio Yoshizaki ,&nbsp;Chie Tanaka ,&nbsp;Akiko Akita MD ,&nbsp;Koutarou Taguchi ,&nbsp;Kimiko Hirano MD","doi":"10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The pathogeneses and clinical features of allergies vary greatly from patient to patient. Therefore, the establishment of individualized therapy in the form of personalized medicine is essential. We have published a guideline on personalized medicine for asthma, based on a patient's clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and the pharmacogenetics<span> of anti-asthmatic drugs. Here, we describe personalized treatments for bronchial asthma and </span></span>food allergies that we are currently putting into practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101009,"journal":{"name":"Personalized Medicine Universe","volume":"3 ","pages":"Pages 11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.pmu.2014.03.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91774489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}