Ore and Energy Resource Geology最新文献

{"title":"Lead and Barium strata-bound deposits in eocene carbonate ramps of Iran: Implications for the influence of sedimentary environment characteristics on the distribution of Ore reserves","authors":"Hadi Veysi ,&nbsp;Saeid Jamshidi Taghabi ,&nbsp;Meysam Babaiy ,&nbsp;Mehdi Tafazoli","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the case of ore deposits that are formed in marine environments, including kuroko deposits, the effect of paleo-sedimentary environment parameters and microfacies changes is very important, but it is often neglected in economic geological research. These factors determine the dispersion and concentration of ore horizons in an ore deposit area, and recognition them leads us to the localization of high concentration ore horizons.</div><div>In this regard, lead and barite ore deposit area in the southeastern of Tafresh city (the border of Markazi and Qom provinces, Iran) was investigated. This ore deposit is of the kuroko type and is of the early to middle Eocene epoch (Ypresian-Lutetian ages) and was formed in a relatively deep ancient carbonate ramp. Investigating the concentration of different minerals and ore minerals in the mentioned ore deposit area using by remote sensing techniques indicates that the distribution of minerals and ore minerals is non-uniform with a noteworthy correlation unto the carbonate ramp microfacies in the southeastern of Tafresh. The scrutiny of microfacies characteristics and paleo-sedimentary environment showed that the distance from hydrothermal smokers, the action of different seawaves, sedimentological changes, structural features and initial morphology of microfacies have a remarkable impressiveness in the dispersion of ore reserves and the formation of horizons with a high concentration of ore.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geological and biostratigraphical factors in hydrocarbon recovery optimization using integrated seismic, petrophysical, and core data, Niger Delta","authors":"Samuel Obomheile Salufu ,&nbsp;Kesyton Oyamenda Ozegin ,&nbsp;Charles Chibueze Ugbor ,&nbsp;Sunday O. Isehunwa ,&nbsp;Emmanuel O. Salufu ,&nbsp;Daniel Osezua Aikhuele","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100069","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study of geologic heterogeneities (the quality of reservoir rock according to its spatial variation in properties such as grain size, mineralogy, organic content, fossil content, and natural fracture) and their impact on recovery factors, optimization, and performance of injection fluids in concurrent development (production of both oil and gas at the same time) of oil rim reservoirs (reservoirs with a thin oil column that is overlain with a large gas cap) has become necessary to explore the role of geological and biostratigraphical heterogeneity in optimizing hydrocarbon recovery from oil rim reservoirs in the Niger Delta using integrated seismic, petrophysical, and core data. This is to achieve optimum hydrocarbon recovery instead of relying only on development strategies, which is usually the practice and thus fails. Petrel and Eclipse software were used to simulate the static and dynamic models, respectively, for three oil rim reservoirs, using data (seismic, petrophysical, core, and reservoir data) from a green field in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, for concurrent development under the natural depletion (base case), surfactant enhanced-water-alternating-gas (SeWAG), and water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection options. In each option, two scenarios of injection well positions were simulated: gas-oil contact (GOC) and oil-water contact (OWC). Geological studies showed that Reservoir 1 is a heterolith facies of lower-shoreface deposits with traces of Ophiomorpha burrows, Reservoir 2 is a channel facies of lower shoreface deposits with Ophiomorpha burrows, and Reservoir 3 is a heterolith facies of upper shoreface without vertical burrows. When SeWAG of ratio 1:4:2 was injected at OWC, the highest oil recovery factor was observed compared to other options, and injection at GOC gave the highest gas recovery factor. Permeability anisotropy (Kv/Kh) for reservoirs 1 and 2, with Ophiomorpha burrows being considered, was 0.32 and 0.34, respectively. High recovery factors for both oil and gas were recorded. However, the model of the same reservoir without Ophiomorpha burrows gave reduced values of Kv/Kh of 0.12 and 0.15, respectively, with reduced recovery factors. Reservoir 3, which doesn't have burrows in the initial model, has a Kv/Kh value of 0.11 with low recovery factors in various development cases. However, when Ophiomorpha burrows were integrated into the model, Kv/Kh was 0.31, and the recovery factors increased significantly. The study has shown that geological and biostratigraphical interactions induce Kv/Kh. It has a significant optimization impact on recovery factors in concurrent development and enhances vertical sweep efficiency in EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery). The study further shows that &lt;em&gt;Ophiomorpha&lt;/em&gt; burrows improve the geologic heterogeneity quality of a reservoir (permeability anisotropy) by enhancing the injection fluid to get into micro- and macropore spaces for efficient sweeping of oil and gas into the development w","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molybdenum fertility indicators, granite zircon chemistry, and U-Pb geochronology of the Manjo pluton, southwestern Cameroon","authors":"Ngambu Aloysius Afahnwie ,&nbsp;Ralain Bryan Ngatcha ,&nbsp;Gus Nono Kouankap Djibril ,&nbsp;Cheo Emmanuel Suh","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to an increasing interest in mineral prospection, Manjo granites which are orogenic have been studied in terms of the geochemistry of whole rock and isotopes of interest found in the associated zircons. This was done to define and situate these rock unit within the context of the regional belt that is Pan African in age, establish the source of Manjo granites and their evolution during the Pan-African orogeny. More so, this study sheds more light on the controversy around the orogenic statues of granites in this section of the geological region, examines their potential for hosting molybdenum, establishes their link with other rocks within this part of the region and how they relate to the Mo-U-bearing biotite-granite in its Ekomedion neighborhood. Sixty-six zircon grains gotten from the granites and their trace elements and Lu-Hf isotopic signatures were examined. The zircon grains' ages were gotten by mass spectrometric method using the U-Pb systematics by laser ablation.The zircons ratios of U to Th varry between 0.2–2.3 relating to sources that are originally magmatic and totally different from those related to souces related to hydrothermalism and metamorphism. The granites were emplaced within the 585±17–616±12 Ma age bracket. Zircons in this study similar to the nearby Ekomedion U-Mo-bearing two mica granites and other felsic massifs found within the shear zones of central Africa (CASC)point to the fact that the Manjo granites were formed at low oxygen fugacity (log ƒO₂; -15.848 to -4.515, and log ƒO₂@FMQ; -17.409 to -3.677). More so, samples plot mainly outside the defined fertile fields on plots of Eu/Eu* Vs (Ce/Nd)/Y, 10000 × (Eu/Eu*)/Y Vs (Ce/Nd)/Y and Eu/Eu* Vs Dy/Yb. The above points support dominantly plagioclase fractionation in a reduced and less hydrous melt system pointing to a low Mo fertility potential of this pluton emplaced at an average Ti-in-zircon temperature of 861± 56°C. The apparent εHf(<em>t</em>) values for CMR-01 zircon grains range between -15.84 and -1.45 and apparent εHf_(t) values for CMR-02 zircon grains vary from -25.02 to -12.39. On spidergraphs, the grainites are depleted in HREE and enriched in LREE . These plots together with εHf_(t) values and other indications point to the fact that the granites were derived through partial melting of quartzo-feldspathic crustal magmatic sources. More so, the data showing a new age here show clear signs of post collisional Pan-African magmatism at ∼ 585±17 Ma in the context of a pre-drift Gondwana evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in estimations of number of undiscovered mineral deposits in three-part assessments","authors":"Donald A. Singer","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2024.100077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A central part of three-part mineral assessments is estimating number of undiscovered mineral deposits. Internal consistency and well-explored deposits in grade–tonnage models reduce chances of biased estimates in three-part quantitative assessments. Estimates are of specific types of deposit permitted by geology in delineated tracts. Regardless of estimation method, each deposit type needs a grade–tonnage model constructed with well-explored deposits and estimated numbers must be consistent with this model. Local well-explored deposits are typed and statistically tested to ensure the global grade and tonnage model is representative of them.</div><div>Three-part assessments used expert judgements since 1975 that relied on analogy-based guidelines to aid in estimation of number. The advantage of expert judgements is that they can use all available information and adapt to information supplied by other experts during the assessment. A targeting method has seen limited application due to the requirement that location indicators of each possible target need to be present. Another estimation method developed around 2008 is a generalized deposit density model based on multiple deposit types which uses deposit type's median tonnage, permissive tract area, and number of known deposits in well-explored control areas. It is remarkably robust and can be applied to any deposit type in a proper permissive tract.</div><div>Advanced deposit estimations use the generalized density method to guide expert estimates. Experts can then identify possibly flawed estimates and improve estimates based on local information such as local exploration results or observations by experts thereby further reducing chances of biased estimates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry of the sandstone of Mallawa Formation in the Southern arm of Sulawesi, Indonesia: Implications for provenance and tectonic setting","authors":"Safruddim,&nbsp;A.M. Imran,&nbsp;Ulva Ria Irfan,&nbsp;Meutia Farida","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the geochemical analysis of sedimentary rocks from the Mallawa Formation in the southern arm of Sulawesi, Indonesia. It aims to provide comprehensive and unprecedented research results on the Mallawa Formation sandstones through geochemical analysis, which has not been conducted previously. By analyzing twelve sedimentary rock samples collected from three locations—Bone, Maros, and Pangkep Regencies, the study seeks to explore provenance, source rocks, and tectonic settings by analyzing major elements, REE, and trace elements. The results indicate that SiO₂ is the most abundant component, reflecting the presence of detrital quartz, chert, feldspar fragments, and other mineral contents. The rocks are classified as sandstones with fine to coarse grains, ranging from wacke to quartz arenite. Based on various discrimination diagrams, the sandstones are associated with a passive margin transitioning into an active margin. The provenance of these sandstones originates from siliceous-clastic rocks and intermediate to felsic igneous rocks. These findings align with the paleogeography of South Sulawesi and provide new insights into the evolution of the Mallawa Formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siliciclastic Reservoir Quality Model, a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis approach for reservoir quality evaluation in the ‘OS’ field Niger Delta, Nigeria","authors":"Ayodele O. Falade ,&nbsp;Olubola Abiola ,&nbsp;John O. Amigun","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) model, the Siliciclastic Reservoir Quality Model (SRQM), for evaluating and ranking reservoirs in oilfields. The SRQM model integrates key reservoir properties, including net pay-to-gross ratio, porosity, water saturation, and shale content, to generate a comprehensive Reservoir Quality Index. The model was applied to the 'OS' field in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, and compared to the conventional Reservoir Quality Index (RQI) approach. The results show a weak negative correlation between the two methods (-0.05764), highlighting their complementary nature. The SRQM model offers a more comprehensive evaluation by incorporating both reservoir rock architecture (porosity and Vsh) and crucial fluid content (Sw and NTG), unlike RQI which focuses solely on rock architecture. SRQM revealed reservoirs 1 and 2 in well OS-5 as the highest quality reservoirs, with an SRQM index of 0.75 and RQI values exceeding 300. Furthermore, the SRQM model revealed variations within other reservoirs. For example, Reservoir 2 in well OS-1, identified as having excellent quality using SRQM, had a relatively low RQI due to its relatively low permeability. This indicates a trade-off between potentially larger hydrocarbon volumes and reduced porosity and permeability. While Reservoirs 1 and 2 have average RQI values of 225.27 and 227.57, indicating excellent quality compared to Reservoir 3 with an average RQI of 99.99, the SRQM ratings reveal a different ranking, with Reservoir 2 (SRQM index: 1.25) and Reservoir 3 (SRQM index: 1.8) considered higher quality than Reservoir 1 (SRQM index: 2.55). This study demonstrates SRQM's ability to consider multiple factors and provide a more robust approach to evaluating reservoir quality. This approach offers a significant improvement over conventional RQI methods, aiding in optimized reservoir development strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of Na+ and Ca2+ ion effects on the physical-chemical properties of Bentonite: Implications for industrial applications","authors":"Hanane Ait Hmeid ,&nbsp;Mustapha Akodad ,&nbsp;Mouhssin El Halim ,&nbsp;Fatima Ezzahra Omdi ,&nbsp;Mourad Baghour ,&nbsp;Ali Skalli ,&nbsp;Chaouki Sadik ,&nbsp;Hicham Gueddari ,&nbsp;Mohamed Chahban ,&nbsp;Yassine El Yousfi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abioui ,&nbsp;Lahcen Daoudi","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the potential industrial applications of two types of bentonite - Calcium Bentonite (Ca-B) and Sodium Bentonite (Na-B) <strong>-</strong> from the Kert Basin in northern Morocco. The bentonite samples' structural characteristics, inclusions, and microcracks were examined using scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis of both the whole rock and clay fractions was conducted to determine the bentonite type and mineralogical composition. The chemical composition was assessed through X-ray fluorescence<strong>.</strong> The physico-chemical properties analyzed included cation exchange capacity, swelling index, colloidality index, water content, and pH. The plasticity index and liquid limit were determined using Atterberg limits tests. The results indicate that sodium bentonite exhibits superior absorption and plasticity compared to calcium bentonite, with a higher cation exchange capacity, particularly after activation. The analyzed bentonites contain high amounts of iron and silica, with moderate levels of calcium and aluminum. Quartz, feldspars, and clay minerals were identified in all samples, with smectite being the dominant clay mineral phase (80 %), along with traces of kaolinite, illite, and interstratified illite-smectite. These bentonites generally display high plasticity, making them well-suited for hydraulic drilling applications. Additionally, their low organic matter and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) content may indicate mechanical strength, water sensitivity, and purity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated geomechanical analysis of shear failure wellbore instability in abnormal and normal pore pressure zones using diverse input data: A case study","authors":"Masoud Ziaie ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Takmili ,&nbsp;Saeid Sadeghnejad ,&nbsp;Mehdi Hakimzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The analysis of data obtained from previous drilled wells play a crucial role in enhancing the operational safety and reducing drilling expenses. A pivotal aspect of this lies in employing a geomechanical model, offering valuable insights into predicting pore pressure, ensuring borehole stability, and optimizing casing placement. This study centers on developing an integrated geomechanical model for three wells within an oil field, especially focusing on pore pressure variations in two distinct formations. An abnormal pressure is observed at overburden zone, while the reservoir zone is characterized by a normal pressure behavior. All relevant data sources including full set logs, dipole shear sonic imager reports, image logs, drilling operation data, and leak of tests are combined as an input to the geomechanical model. The main purpose of this study is to examine the geomechanical behavior of rocks within both abnormal and normal pore pressure zones. Identification of breakout points is achieved through image logs and caliper log data, which results in providing the direction of the minimum horizontal stress. Subsequently, the entire geomechanical model undergoes adjustment and validation based on these identified points. Moreover, the calibration of minimum horizontal stress is accomplished by analyzing the leak of test data. The main finding of this study indicates that the direction of the horizontal stresses varies across different points of the reservoir. Based on the results of the image log interpretation, the minimum horizontal stress direction in well#1 is 145°, in well #2, 125°, and in well# 3, 115°. Moreover, the presence of abnormal pore pressure results in a shift in the stress regime from a normal to strike slip or reverse stress regimes. In Well#1 conforms to a strike-slip regime with wellbore stable azimuths at 30, 70, 210, and 250°. Well#2 and Well#3 exhibit a reversed regime. The well's most stable state aligning with the azimuth of maximum horizontal stress. Lastly, it is determined that the Mogi-Coulomb and the modified Lade failure criterion exhibit superior accuracy in identifying shear failure of rocks when compared to the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. By integrating diverse input data and employing comprehensive validation methods, our model emerges as a robust tool for understanding and predicting geomechanical instability in drilling operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The origin and migration mechanism of natural gas in the Yacheng Gas Field, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea: Constraints from noble gas isotopes","authors":"Zefan Bai ,&nbsp;Shuyi Dong ,&nbsp;Yuhe Fan ,&nbsp;Ben Dong ,&nbsp;Feng Zheng ,&nbsp;Yingchun Wang ,&nbsp;Rongcai Song","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Qiongdongnan Basin, located on the northern continental shelf of the South China Sea, is a prominent hydrocarbon-rich region. Among its core gas fields, the Yacheng Gas Field has drawn significant attention due to its complex tectonic framework and substantial natural gas reserves. However, the mechanisms governing the phase behavior (gas or liquid) and migration of natural gas in deep strata remain poorly understood and require further investigation. This study employs advanced mass spectrometry to analyze natural gas and noble gas components sampled from the Sanya and Lingshui formations in the Yacheng Gas Field. By integrating carbon isotope ratio measurements, noble gas isotopic analyzes, and PHREEQC-based solubility modeling, the research investigates the origin, migration mechanisms, and interactions of natural gas with subsurface fluid systems in this region. The results reveal that natural gas in the Yacheng Gas Field primarily originates from a mixed crust-mantle source and is closely associated with the basin's groundwater system, particularly through significant vertical interactions with formation water. In deep strata, natural gas predominantly migrates in the gaseous phase, with solubility decreasing progressively with depth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrographic, palynological, and source rock evaluation of Nubia Sandstone: A comparative study of the October and July Oil Fields, Gulf of Suez, Egypt","authors":"Ahmed Maher","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Nubia Sandstone sediments in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, represent significant hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, further investigation is necessary better to understand their source rock characteristics and depositional environments. These sediments lack precise chronological data and have limited palynological information, both crucial for compelling petroleum exploration. This research uses an integrated approach that combines palynology, palynofacies analysis, and petrographic methods to clarify the characteristics of the Nubia Sandstone. Two main facies are identified: the older facies in the July Field, which corresponds to the lower interval of the Nubia B Member and dates to the late Devonian, characterized by conodonts and plant fragments. In contrast, the younger facies found in the October Field and are believed to originate from the Permian-Triassic period exhibit foraminifera-rich strata and a transition from monosaccate pollen grains to <em>Classopollis</em> pollen grains. The results suggest that the Nubia Sandstone exhibits a range of transitional maturity to overmaturity, with the Nubia Sandstone B Member showing significant potential for hydrocarbon generation and predominantly comprising type II kerogen. The samples from the October Field show deposition in a suboxic to anoxic basin, while those from the July Field suggest a proximal oxic shelf environment. This study provides the first source rock characterization which could increase research and exploration for hydrocarbons in different areas in the Gulf of Suez containing the Nubia Sandstone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}