Ore and Energy Resource Geology最新文献

{"title":"Uncertainty quantification in 3D static modeling: Improving reserve estimation accuracy with adaptive physics-informed Monte Carlo simulation in Y-field, Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria","authors":"Bernard Che Ngu ,&nbsp;Kennedy Folepai Fozao ,&nbsp;Mathias Akong Onabid ,&nbsp;Lionel Takem Nkwanyang ,&nbsp;Zerubbabel Akongneh","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate hydrocarbon reserve estimation is critical yet challenging in the complex Niger Delta Basin. This study employs a novel adaptive Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) to improve reservoir characterization and Hydrocarbon Initially In Place (HIIP) predictions. Core data from Well J-2 (average porosity 0.25, permeability 516.01 mD) served as the calibration baseline. A linear model (gradient 1.057, intercept −0.0077) calibrated well log porosity for uncored wells, identifying three rock types with RT2 being dominant. The reservoir exhibits significant heterogeneity, with average shale volumes ranging from 0.18 to 0.41. Zonal analysis reveals high hydrocarbon potential in Wells J-1, J-3, and J-4, characterized by low water saturation (0.16–0.19) and high Net-to-Gross (NTG) values, notably in J-1 (0.85) and J-3 (0.72). Conversely, J-2 and J-5 show higher water saturation (0.57 and 0.98, respectively). Complexity and uncertainty scores were used to guide adaptive sampling. The complexity score averaged 16, peaking at 87.7 in the western sector, while model uncertainty remained negligible (&lt;0.0005). A 100,000-iteration Monte Carlo simulation, grounded in these physics-guided distributions, yielded a realistic HIIP estimate of 65.96 MMbbl. Results indicate that the western reservoir sector, defined by higher permeability and NTG values, represents the optimal target for future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reservoir permeability estimation in low-permeability reservoirs from diagnostic fracture injection test G-function parameters using neural networks and evolutionary symbolic regression","authors":"Samuel Nashed,&nbsp;Oluchi Ejehu,&nbsp;Badr Mohamed,&nbsp;Muhammad Abdullah,&nbsp;Norhan Sedki,&nbsp;Rouzbeh Moghanloo","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A precise characterization of permeability in low-permeability oil and gas fields is a pressing issue in petroleum engineering, a field in which standard well tests are ineffective. Diagnostic Fracture Injection Tests (DFITs) have become important diagnostic characterization tools, but existing after-closure analytical tools have severe limitations, such as sensitivity to closure identification and limited applicability to pseudo-radial flow regimes. Although machine learning uses for DFIT interpretation have been investigated, available literature is mainly based on synthetic data, is less concerned with predicting permeability and more with closure pressure, and lacks rigorous interpretability analysis to be accepted by industry. In this research, a collection of machine learning models, which enable prediction of reservoir permeability given the parameters of DFIT G-functions, is developed and verified on the basis of a large field database comprising 620 tests. Ten algorithms were compared in a systematic fashion, which comprised neural networks, gradient boosting algorithms (CatBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM), regularized linear models, and ensemble algorithms. Multi-Layer Perceptron Regressor was more efficient with R² = 0.9576, RMSE = 0.0357 md, and MAE = 0.0257 md on training data with good generalization on blind validation (155 independent tests: R² = 0.9194, RMSE = 0.0805 md). SHAP analysis established physically significant relationships, with G-time at closure having the most significant negative correlation with permeability. The symbolic regression using genetic programming gave a complementary equation-based model with an R² of 0.9379. The resulting models are much more efficient than traditional analytical methods and offer quick, precise, and interpretable forecasts that can be used to optimize hydraulic fracturing designs and plan field development in challenging reservoir conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147706780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reservoir facies modeling for the Upper Cretaceous Kalash Limestone Formation in the central eastern Sirte Basin, Libya: Porosity and permeability evaluation","authors":"Muneer Abdalla ,&nbsp;Abdalla Abdelnabi ,&nbsp;Alzubair Abousaif ,&nbsp;Saleh Qaysi","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonate reservoirs of the Upper Cretaceous Kalash Formation in the central eastern Sirte Basin exhibit pronounced lateral and vertical heterogeneity, creating significant uncertainty in predicting reservoir quality and hydrocarbon distribution. Previous studies have largely focused on generalized facies–property relationships and have not fully resolved the combined influence of facies architecture, diagenesis, and structural configuration on reservoir performance. This study provides a formation-specific characterization of the Kalash reservoir by integrating 3D seismic data, wireline logs, cuttings, and core descriptions to define its geometry, facies distribution, and petrophysical variability.</div><div>Results reveal four principal facies—micritic and micaceous limestone, fine-grained limestone, coarse-grained limestone, and reef buildup—organized within a structurally controlled framework that exerts a primary control on reservoir quality. A key new insight is the strong coupling between structural position and facies-controlled diagenetic enhancement: reservoir properties systematically improve upward and toward structural highs, where coarse-grained and reef facies dominate. Reef carbonates exhibit porosity reaching 0.34 and permeability above 3000 mD, while grain-dominated limestones show 0.12–0.23 porosity and permeability greater than 1000 mD. In contrast, fine-grained limestones in structurally lower positions display significantly reduced reservoir quality. These trends demonstrate that reservoir heterogeneity is governed not only by depositional facies but also by their spatial relationship to structural elements, which influence pore system development and connectivity.</div><div>The study provides new insights into the distribution of high-quality reservoir zones, the role of carbonate buildup systems in enhancing permeability networks, and the degree of reservoir compartmentalization within the Kalash Formation. By explicitly linking facies architecture, diagenetic overprint, and structural controls, this work advances current understanding of carbonate reservoir characterization beyond conventional facies-based models. The integrated approach offers a robust framework for predicting reservoir quality and connectivity in the Kalash Formation and analogous carbonate systems across the Sirte Basin and similar North African basins, supporting more effective hydrocarbon exploration and field development strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147746613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated curie point depth and heat-flow modelling from aeromagnetic data: Implications for geothermal prospectivity in the Lower Benue Trough, Nigeria","authors":"Ezennwa G. Nneji ,&nbsp;Doris N. Ndubueze Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Magnus U Igboekwe Ph.D. ,&nbsp;O.O. Obiajulu ,&nbsp;Chukwuebuka N. Onwubuariri Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2026.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Curie Point Depth (CPD) modelling based on aeromagnetic data has been widely applied in rift-related sedimentary basins; however, its application in the Lower Benue Trough of Nigeria has largely remained fragmented, descriptive, and weakly integrated with crustal structural controls, leading to insufficient understanding of the geothermal potential in this region. This study presents a regionally consistent and fully reproducible geothermal assessment of the Lower Benue Trough using high-resolution aeromagnetic data processed within a unified spectral–structural framework. Three high-resolution aeromagnetic sheets (5°–8°N, 7°–10°E) acquired between 2005 and 2007 were systematically merged to produce a regional magnetic dataset for the study area. The merged dataset was subdivided into twenty-five spectral windows and analysed using overlapping radially averaged power-spectrum windows to estimate Curie Point Depth (CPD), geothermal gradient, and surface heat flow. Shallow CPD zones are concentrated in the southwestern and central parts of the trough and spatially coincide with regions of high magnetic anomaly amplitude, dense fault networks, and inferred magmatic intrusions. Curie Point Depth estimates across the study area range from approximately 11 to 35 km. From these CPD estimates, geothermal gradients of 26–68 °C/km and surface heat-flow values of 105–205 mW/m² were calculated. These elevated values are consistent with regions of lithospheric thinning, magmatic intrusions, and fault-controlled heat transfer, indicating favourable geothermal conditions in structurally complex sectors of the Lower Benue Trough. A key advancement of this study is the explicit integration of magnetic structural indicators with thermal parameters, allowing geothermal prospectivity to be quantitatively zoned into low, moderate, and high potential classes. This integrated approach demonstrates that tectono-magmatic architecture may exert a significant influence on the present-day thermal regime of the Lower Benue Trough. The results provide new quantitative constraints on crustal thermal structure in southeastern Nigeria and establish a reproducible aeromagnetic-based framework for reconnaissance-level geothermal assessment in intracontinental rift basins with limited subsurface data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147600117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote mapping of lineaments and hydrothermal alteration zones related to unconformity-related uranium deposits in the Badami Group of the western Kaladgi basin, India","authors":"R. Kalimuthu ,&nbsp;Alok Porwal ,&nbsp;Hari Shankar Pandalai","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100106","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In mineral exploration, identifying geophysical, geochemical and mineralogical indicators is crucial and many techniques have been employed to discover the occurrence of mineralization and the associated host rock alterations. In the case of unconformity-related uranium deposits that are spatially-linked to major faults and unconformities between basement rocks and overlying basinal rocks, extensive alteration zones produced by hydrothermal fluid-rock interactions which are used to target mineralization and are therefore vital tools for uranium exploration. The synoptic capability of remote sensing enables precise geological mapping by delineating structural features (faults, folds, shear zones), lithology and mineralogy, addressing field investigation constraints. The present study uses digital elevation model and satellite-borne multispectral data to map major lineaments and hydrothermal alteration zones associated with unconformity-related uranium deposits in the Badami Group of the western Kaladgi basin, India. Geologically, the study area comprises relatively undeformed arenites and conglomerates of the Neoproterozoic Badami Group that unconformably overlie an Archean basement (Peninsular gneiss). A few unconformity-related uranium prospects hosted by the Badami conglomerates and basal arenite have been identified by the Atomic Minerals Directorate in the study area. Conjunctive analysis of SRTM DEM and ASTER VNIR-SWIR data were used to map structures and lithological units. Band ratios, colour composite, least square fitting, principal component analysis and spectral angle mapper methods were further applied to ASTER VNIR-SWIR data to map the hydrothermal alteration zones. Follow-up ground checks were carried out to validate the results of the remote sensing analysis and interpretation. The results reveal that NE-SW and E-W trending lineaments are the major structural features and argillic (kaolinite) and phyllic (illite) are the dominant alteration types present in the study area. There is a strong intercorrelation between lineaments and hydrothermal alteration zones. Field surveys and laboratory analysis including petrographic studies and XRD analysis confirmed the occurrences of such alteration zones. The spatial association of hydrothermal alteration zones with structures indicates that these major lineaments and unconformable contact between the basement and the basinal sandstone could have provided major pathways for uranium-rich fluids and zones of low redox potential may have facilitated uranium precipitation. Several potential exploration targets were demarcated based on the juxtaposition of alteration zones, unconformity surface, major lineaments and cross-cutting structures. The identified targets correlate well with known uranium mineralization. This investigation demonstrates that integrating STRM with ASTER data is a valuable tool that can improve the efficiency of uranium exploration. This study narrows down the are","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and mineralization in the Lebowa granite suite: Insights from high-resolution 2D reflection seismic method","authors":"Bibi Ayesha Jogee,&nbsp;Musa S.D. Manzi,&nbsp;Nombuso G. Maduna,&nbsp;Bojan Brodic,&nbsp;Moyagabo K. Rapetsoa,&nbsp;Ian James,&nbsp;Mpofana Sihoyiya,&nbsp;Glen T. Nwaila,&nbsp;Paul A.M. Nex,&nbsp;Leonidas Vonopartis","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are critical metals that occur in various geological systems including granitic systems. The Lebowa Granite Suite (LGS) of the Bushveld Complex (South Africa) is known as an A-type granitic suite and hosts polymetallic mineralization including tin, fluorine and REE mineralization. High-resolution reflection seismic surveys were conducted to understand the structural architecture and mineralization within the farm boundaries of Blokspruit and Ruigtepoort in the LGS in the North West Province. Two-dimensional (2D) reflection seismic results show that the LGS is approximately 5 km thick in the western portion of the Bushveld Complex and is intruded by dolerite sills of the Umkondo large igneous province. The REE mineralization is structurally controlled and hosted within actinolite intrusive bodies. REE mineralization is associated with NW-SE and NE-SW trending faults, which acted as conduits for ore-forming fluids. In seismic sections, fault zones are delineated as highly attenuated seismic signatures that crosscut strong amplitude seismic horizons. Near the highly attenuated zones are high amplitude reflector packages (HARPs), which correspond to the actinolite intrusive bodies. We demonstrate the value of using the reflection seismic method as an effective and efficient exploration strategy to explore for geological structures that control REEs mineralization, and its potential to become a core component for mineral exploration in hard rock environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration mapping in granitic gneiss using handheld geophysical and geochemical instruments: Implications for iron oxide-apatite and rare earth elements exploration","authors":"Kaitlyn A. Suarez ,&nbsp;Michael L. Williams ,&nbsp;Gregory J. Walsh ,&nbsp;Daniel E. Harlov ,&nbsp;Michael J. Jercinovic ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Tjapkes ,&nbsp;Ian W. Hillenbrand","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Adirondack Mountains of New York, U.S.A. contain iron oxide-apatite (IOA) mineral deposits with variable concentrations of rare earth elements (REE). The IOA mineral deposits are typically hosted in the Lyon Mountain Granite Gneiss and are spatially correlated with extensive Na metasomatism (albitization) of the surrounding country rocks, although some mineral deposits also occur in metagabbro, paragneiss, and anorthosite hosts. The location of albitization zones is key to finding new IOA mineral deposits and better understanding the mineralization processes associated with their genesis. However, the Na alteration zones are generally not visibly identifiable in outcrop or hand specimens because the color and textural changes are subtle and are thus difficult to map. Here, we discuss the results from testing two spectroscopic techniques (handheld, field gamma-ray spectroscopy, and portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF)) to characterize albitization zones surrounding IOA mineral deposits.</div><div>The gamma-ray and pXRF spectrometers successfully distinguished the relative intensity of alteration in the Lyon Mountain Granite Gneiss based on the K abundance. The measured K content decreases towards the IOA mineral deposits, and the magnitude and width of the gradient are similar along the strike of each mineral deposit. Elevated Th and U values are present in host rocks adjacent to REE-bearing IOA mineral deposits. The pXRF and gamma-ray spectrometer K values are remarkably consistent with laboratory-based, whole-rock XRF compositional data and, therefore, useful for semi-quantitative analysis. Notably, albitization aureoles are consistent around REE-rich and REE-poor mineral deposits, suggesting that saline fluids are essential for the petrogenesis of IOA mineral deposits but may not be critical to REE mineralization. Ultimately, this study demonstrates the utility of handheld gamma-ray and pXRF spectrometry for identifying otherwise cryptic albitization gradients associated with IOA mineral deposits in granitic gneiss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic anomaly investigation for mineral potential assessment in the Plateau-Bauchi basement complex, Northern Nigeria","authors":"Ema Abraham ,&nbsp;Moses Emetere","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Plateau-Bauchi Basement Complex in northern Nigeria is a geologically diverse region with significant mineral potential. This study employs an integrated geophysical approach to map the structural framework and mineralization controls within this economically vital region. High-resolution aeromagnetic data were processed using a comprehensive suite of magnetic analysis techniques. The analytical toolkit included Source Parameter Imaging (SPI), Phase Symmetry (PS), Analytic Signal (AS), Tilt Derivative analysis, Butterworth bandpass filtering, 3D magnetic anomaly inversion, and Euler deconvolution. Our results reveal an intricate network of faults, fractures, and intrusive bodies that govern mineralization patterns across the study area. Prominent structural trends (NW-SE, NE-SW, E-W, and N-S) and estimated depths to magnetic sources ranging from near-surface (&lt;420 m) to deeper structures (up to 1330 m) have been delineated. Integration of the geophysical techniques allows for the delineation of high-susceptibility zones corresponding to potential mineral-rich deposits. Strong correlations between geophysical anomalies and known occurrences of economically important minerals, including tin, columbite, kaolin, niobium, and rare earth elements such as tourmaline are observed. Complex fault intersections and intrusive features, particularly in the Kakkek, Durbi, Durr, and Barkin Ladi regions, create favorable conditions for mineral accumulation. This study provides crucial insights into the subsurface architecture of the Plateau-Bauchi basement complex and its relationship to mineralization processes. Our findings establish a robust framework for guiding future exploration efforts and contribute significantly to the understanding of mineral deposit formation in complex geological terrains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing CO2 sequestration potential in Cenozoic basaltic rocks of Harrat Al-Shaam, Jordan","authors":"Ahmed Hammam ,&nbsp;Ahmed Nagy ,&nbsp;Israa S. Abu-Mahfouz ,&nbsp;Ahmed Al-Yaseri","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon geo-sequestration is a promising approach to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, particularly through the long-term storage of CO₂ in suitable geological formations. This study investigates the potential of the Harrat Al-Shaam Volcanic Field (HSVF) in Jordan as a host site for CO₂ mineralization, focusing on its textural, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics. Basaltic rocks, known for their chemical composition rich in calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and magnesium (Mg), demonstrate a favorable capacity for CO₂ sequestration. They undergo chemical reactions with injected CO₂ and brine, leading to the formation of stable carbonate minerals. In this work, we conducted a series of laboratory experiments involving the injection of supercritical CO₂ mixed with brine and freshwater into basalt core and powder samples to evaluate their mineralization potential under controlled conditions. Parameters such as mineral composition, alteration, and porosity were assessed. Microscopic investigations and geochemical analyses revealed changes in textural and mineralogical composition after CO₂ treatment. Notably, rapid neutralization of carbonic acid during injection was observed, resulting in the formation of calcite through water-rock reactions, which underscores the swift mineralization process inherent to these basaltic formations. The study confirms the moderate potential for carbonate mineralization and CO₂ storage capacity within the basaltic rocks of HSVF, attributed to their alkaline composition, enrichment of Ca and Fe-bearing minerals, and structural features such as fractures that enhance porosity and permeability. These findings highlight the effectiveness of mafic rocks as reliable candidates for geological CO₂ storage and indicate a need for further research to fully explore their long-term sequestration capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical provenance and evolution in Ganhai Well’s groundwater, Eastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Guanchun Chen ,&nbsp;Liang Tang ,&nbsp;Long-Fei Gou ,&nbsp;Chuan Jiang ,&nbsp;Yang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ganhai Well (27.48° N, 101.46° E), an earthquake monitoring well since September 1980, is situated in the earthquake-prone of the eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. Despite years of monitoring, the hydrogeochemical origins and evolution of groundwater in the well remain unclear. Based on a weekly water sampling in 2022, the hydrochemical characteristics of the Ganhai Well were extrapolated. (1) The groundwater’s ions are derived from evaporite (45.2–48.0 %) and silicate rocks (36.4–40.9 %), followed by carbonate rocks (12.2–15.4 %), and negligible anthropogenic inputs (less than 1 %). In the Ganhai Well, calcite tends to precipitate and crystallise, whereas dolomite maintains equilibrium with the solution. (2) It is a significant observation that the groundwater within the Ganhai Well is deep-seated, confined soda water (HCO₃·Cl-Na type), characterised by minor temporal fluctuations in its ionic concentrations and high stability. This hydrogeochemical profile establishes it as an extremely valuable and sustainable water resource, offering considerable support for regional ecological preservation and economic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100993,"journal":{"name":"Ore and Energy Resource Geology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}