中华检验医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"The role of complement system in thrombotic microangiopathy and its research progress","authors":"Hui Cao, Jun Wu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a group of acute clinical pathological syndromes with common pathological features, which include hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. They have many similarities in etiology and clinical presentation. The role of abnormal activation of complement bypass pathway in the genesis and development of HUS has been recognized. More than 100 kinds of complement regulatory factors or gene mutations of complement itself were found to be associated with the development of HUS, which resulted in the decrease of negative complement regulatory protein activity or the increase of complement activation protein function. Abnormal activation of complement system resulted in endothelial injury and thrombosis. Loss of ADAMTS13 activity (<10%) is the most important pathogenesis of TTP. However, there are more and more evidence that complement bypassing pathway is over-regulated and over-activated in the formation of TTP. At present, the research of TMA is focused on finding specific complement-activated biomarkers in patients with various forms of TMA and developing new targeted therapeutic drugs for the disease. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Thrombotic microangiopathies; Complement pathway, alternative; Complement activation; Complement system proteins; Biomarkers","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"274 1","pages":"998-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76408348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different sample preservation methods on the lymphocyte subset detection by flow cytometry","authors":"Zian Li, Xiaona Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To discuss the effects of sample storage time and temperature on lymphocyte subsets detected by flow cytometry. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Use flow cytometry to detect lymphocyte subsets of a total of 53 blood samples from hospitalized and out-patient patients in Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital from October 26, 2018 to March 30, 2019. The test was completed within 4 hours after sample collection, which is the control group. The treatment groups are as follows: pretreatment was completed within 4 hours and detected after saving samples at room temperature (group A) for 24 and 36 hours; the tests were performed after keeping samples at room temperature (group B) for 24, 48, 72 hours; completed detection after preserving samples in 4 ℃ condition (group C) for 24, 48, 72 hours. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000In treatment group A, there was no significant difference in the results of lymphocyte subsets detected after 24 hours of storage compared with the control group(P>0.05); after 36 h of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes percentages were significantly increased [(74.28±11.31)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.15±14.82)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P 0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD19+cells percentage were observably reduced [(15.60±12.09)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P 0.05); after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages elevated significantly [(75.78±11.18)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.57±14.90)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P 0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD3+CD8+T cells percentage elevated obviously [(32.03±14.95)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; P<0.05] and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(15.32±11.97)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]; after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages were significantly increased [(75.63±11.08)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.62±14.98)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], while CD56+and CD19+cells percentages were reduced observably [(8.21±6.52)% vs (9.02±6.80)%, (14.83±11.79)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; all P<0.05]. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The blood samples can be kept at room temperature and the testshould be completed within 48 h if the detection of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry cannot be performed in time; for the samples that have been pretreated, detection can be completed after saving at room temperature for 24 h, and the above treatments had no significant effect on the inspection results. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Lymphocyte subsets; Flow cytometry; Sample preservation","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"51 1","pages":"1059-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72798757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection of CYP2C9, CYP2C19,CYP4F2,VKORC1 and ABCB1 gene polymorphisms by liquid phase chip technology","authors":"Xu Hongli, Deng Rentang, Mei-lian Chen, Chen Zaixin, Zhi-Hong Huang, Bo Situ, G. Kong, L. Lisha, Lei Zheng, Wen-jin Fu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To establish a method for simultaneous and rapid detecting of the polymorphisms in Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), CYP2C19, CYP4F2, Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member1 (ABCB1) gene, which were associated with warfarin and clopidogrel, based on liquid phase chip technology. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Method establishment. The eight gene sequences near targeted sites related to warfarin and clopidogrel were found in Genbank, and the specific primers and probes were designed. Through multiple PCR amplification, followed by allele specific primer extension (ASPE), and MagPlex-Tag microspheres hybridization, the suspension array Luminex 200 system step-by-step, the genotypes were determined by fluorescence signal. The reaction system was optimized and its methodological evaluation was performed. 260 patients with antithrombotic therapy from Dongguan houjie hospital were recruited in this study form June 2017 to December 2018. The eight genotypes of the 260 patients were detected by the established method, and the results were compared with the sequencing results. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The results of 260 samples showed that allelic median fluorescence intensity (MFI) ratios of homozygotes (mutant/wild-type) were all greater than 0.9 or less than 0.1, and all the allelic MFI ratios of heterozygotes were between 0.3 and 0.6. The within run and between run coefficients of variance for allelic MFI ratios were lower than 6.4% and 10.9%, respectively. The minimum DNA template requirements was 0.75ng. The genotypes of 260 patients determined by the established method were completely concordant with the sequencing results. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000A method was established successfully for rapid detecting the genotypes which associated with warfarin and clopidogrel based on liquid phase chip technology. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Liquid phase chip technology; Allele-specific primer extension; Warfarin; Clopidogrel; Single nucleotide polymorphism","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"41 1","pages":"1042-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72549471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of cerebrospinal fluid circulating cell-free DNA in the diagnosis and treatment of leptomeningeal metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer","authors":"Z. Dong, Kun Chen, Yanchun Ma, Ruo-fan Huang, M. Guan","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the application value of cerebrospinal fluid circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the diagnosis and treatment of leptomeningeal metastases in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Twenty-five patients with leptomeningeal metastases of NCSLC from Fudan University Huashan Hospital North during the period from September 2017 to November 2018 were enrolled. All 25 patients were confirmed leptomeningeal metastases by cerebrospinal fluid cytology and immunocytochemical staining of cytokeratin(CK7), carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), thyroid transcription factor-1(TTF-1) and Ki67. The cerebrospinal fluid cfDNA was extracted and genetic variation of 12 genes including epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), TP53 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK) was detected by next-generation sequencing [PlasAim TM gene non-invasive detection of lung cancer (12 gene) kit, Singlera Genomics].The application value of cerebrospinal fluid cfDNA in the diagnosis and treatment of leptomeningeal metastases of NSCLC was analyzed with the cfDNA mutation data and the clinical follow-ups. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Morphologically typical lung cancer tumor cells with tumor immunochemistry markerCK, CK7 and CEA were found in the cerebrospinal fluid of all 25 patients. Next generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid showed that 96% (24/25) patients had at least one single nucleotide variation (SNV) or copy number variation (CNV). The EGFR and TP53 mutations were identified in 80% (20/25) and 48%(12/25) of the patients, respectively. In addition, patients with bone metastases had a higher rate of EGFR mutations than those without bone metastases (100% vs 64%, P<0.05). Changes in the mutant allele frequency of EGFR and TP53 in cerebrospinal fluid were consistent with patients′ disease progression parameters including neurological symptoms, imaging, and tumor biomarkers. The results indicate that genetic alteration of EGFR in cerebrospinal fluid cfDNA is an actionable biomarker for targeted therapy of leptomeningeal metastases of lung cancer. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000Cerebrospinal fluid cfDNA accurately reveals the unique genetic background of leptomeningeal metastasis in NSCLC, showing great application value in the diagnosis and treatment of the leptomeningeal metastasis of NSCLC. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Carcinoma, non-small-cell lung; Neoplasm metastasis; Meningeal neoplasms; Cell-free nucleic acids; Cerebrospinal fluid; High-throughput nucleotide sequencing","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"61 1","pages":"1025-1030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84562774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration and practice of the combination of pluralistic teaching and process assessment in the clinical biochemical teaching","authors":"Jia Gao, Jia Li, Chanjuan Cui, Mengyao Yu, Hao Zhang, Jianjun Mu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical biochemical examination is an important part of medical laboratory, and it is also the key and difficult point of all kinds of examinations.However,the teaching of clinical biochemistry is easily to enter the misunderstanding of \"focusing only on the instrument operation, while others depend on self-study\". There is even confusion that teachers don′t know what to teach and students don′t know what to learn.In this paper, the teaching experience of the clinical biochemical laboratory is described,formulated a scientific block training program, adopted the teaching mode of combining tutorial responsibility with daily teaching,flexibly used a variety of teaching methods and procedural examinations, and greatly improved the teaching quality. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Clinical chemistry examination; Standardized training of residents; Clinical teaching","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"97 3 1","pages":"1078-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75971569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of GALAD serological model in the clinical diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Lin Tong, Zhiyuan Gao, Chenjun Huang, Huijuan Feng, Sun Xiaojuan, Jun Ji, Xiao Xiao, Fang Meng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the value of GALAD model, including gender, age, AFP, AFP-L3 and DCP in diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Using retrospective study method, 5 919 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received radical operation from January 2015 to December 2018 in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital were enrolled into study group. At the same time, 1 745 patients with benign liver diseases (BLDs) were enrolled into control group. The concentration of DCP was detected by Lumipulse G1200 automatic immune analyzer, and the concentration of AFP was detected by Cobas e601 automatic immune analyzer. AFP-L3 was detected by affinity adsorption centrifugation. The non-parametric Mann Whitney test was used to compare the difference between two groups. The chi square test was used to compare the rates. The diagnostic value of single serological marker and GALAD model for primary hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed. The predictive effect of GALAD model on MVI of primary hepatocellular carcinoma was evaluated. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with single serum marker, the diagnostic value of GALAD model is higher. When the cutoff value is -0.33, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy reach to 91.9% (5 440/5 919), 86.8% (1 515/1 745) and 90.7% (6 955/7 664), respectively. The area under the curve can reach 0.960 [95%CI (0.955-0.964)]. Compared with no MVI (MO) group, the value of GALAD model in MVI low-risk group (M1), MVI high-risk group (M2) and MVI (M1+2) were significantly higher (Z values were-12.517, -22.883, -21.655, P<0.05), Galad model predicts MVI (M2) in high risk group,AUC was 0.717 [95%CI (0.701-0.733)] (M0 ratio M2). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000GALAD model has better diagnostic performance in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and has certain predictive value for microvascular invasion. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Carcinoma, hepatocellular; Liver neoplasms; Neoplasm invasiveness; Microvessels; alpha-Fetoproteins; Prothrombin","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"94 1","pages":"1037-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80662987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role and progress of complement activation in antiphospholipid syndrome","authors":"Xiaohui Chen, Tiannan Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"Antiphospholipid syndrome(APS) is a non-inflammatory autoimmune disease caused by anti-phospholipid antibodies. In recent years, it has been found that over-activation of complement is the key factor leading to the formation of thrombosis and pathological pregnancy in APS. With more understanding of the role of complement activation in the pathogenesis of APS, methods of complement inhibition therapy have emerged one after another. Therefore, the detection of complement components is of great significance for the early diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of APS. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Complement activation; Antiphospholipid syndrome; Complement system proteins; Biomarkers","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"110 1","pages":"990-993"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75648639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complement mediated tumor immune escape and its application in immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy","authors":"L. Kexin, Cui Wei","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system. More evidence showed that the function of complement was not only limited to the elimination of pathogens and other risk factors from the body but also affected the immune escape mechanism of the tumor through different activating pathways. Because of the complex and important role of complement in the tumor, this review expounds the mechanism of complement system participating in immune escape of the tumor from three aspects: complement inherent components, complement activation products and complement regulatory proteins. Additionally, these mechanisms are expected to provide a new application of complement in tumor immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Tumor escape; Complement activation; Complement system proteins; Immunosuppressive agents; Immunotherapy","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"15 1","pages":"981-985"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75031016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical value of complements detection in pregnancy related thrombotic microangiopathy","authors":"Yingdong He, F. Yu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an acute clinico-pathological syndrome with varied reasons. Pregnancy related-TMA includes pregnancy associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), postpartum hemolytic-uremic syndrome (pHUS), severe preeclampsia (SPE) and Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet syndrome (HELLP syndrome) and the outcomes are severe. Aberrant activation of complement system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Although these diseases have similar clinical appearance, their pathogenesis, diagnostic and therapeutic methods are different. Precision diagnosis of these diseases to select targeted treatment will greatly improve the prognosis of these patients. Herein, the value of complement system components in the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-related TMA are introduced. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Pregnancy complications; Thrombotic microangiopathies; Complement activation; Complement system proteins","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"11 1","pages":"986-989"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85103749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research and application of deep learning in laboratory medicine","authors":"Hong Yan, Guoye Liu, Yan Li, Rui Xia, Qian Wang, Chengbin Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1009-9158.2019.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the rapid development of big data in the healthcare field, deep learning (DL), as a machine learning algorithm that provides a more flexible solution for image and speech recognition as well as natural language processing, has the ability to extract important information from medical data into valuable knowledge and it has received unprecedented attention in many real-world tasks. This paper briefly introduces common network structure of deep learning and its latest research progress in the field of medical laboratory. In addition, this review also exploreed some of the inherent challenges and prospective research directions about deep learning that affecting in the medical laboratory. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Deep learning; Big data; Medical laboratory","PeriodicalId":10096,"journal":{"name":"中华检验医学杂志","volume":"137 1","pages":"1063-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79533930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}