Next Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Combined theoretical and experimental studies on Myristica fragrans fruit rind extracts as an efficient protecting agent for mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl","authors":"Asha Thomas ,&nbsp;A.T. Jeejarani ,&nbsp;Athira Ajayan ,&nbsp;Abraham Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The corrosion inhibition property of Nutmeg (<em>Myristica fragrans</em>) fruit rind extract against mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl at 303 K, 308 K, and 313 K is discussed in this paper. The aqueous extract (MFW), rich in ascorbic acid, is characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, while GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract (MFE) identifies seven organic compounds, including ascorbic acid. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) reveals a capacitive behavior, with maximum inhibition efficiencies of 97 % at a 3 % concentration of MFE and 92 % at a 4 % concentration of MFW at ambient temperature. Tafel polarization studies confirm the mixed-type inhibition mechanism. Adsorption and kinetic studies support physisorption as the dominant mode of interaction. MFE demonstrates superior inhibition efficiency, particularly concerning exposure time and temperature, due to the synergistic adsorption of these organic molecules onto the metal surface. Theoretical calculations and molecular simulations substantiate the protective efficiency of the inhibitor molecules through adsorption on the metal surface. From the analysis, it is concluded that the abundantly available fruit rind extract of Myristica fragrance is a very efficient inhibitor against mild steel corrosion in HCl medium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of pectin from orange peel and adsorption of azo dye direct violet 35 (DV 35) by orange peel waste (OPW)","authors":"Shweta Gupta,&nbsp;Deepak Garg,&nbsp;Arinjay Kumar,&nbsp;Govind Madhav","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a seminal dual-phase valorization strategy for OPW, where sequential pectin extraction (6.3 % yield) and subsequent application as a biosorbent achieves 96.03 % removal efficiency of DV 35 dye, a previously understudied azo pollutant. Through Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design, optimal conditions were identified as pH 2.28, 85 mg L⁻¹ initial dye concentration, and 15.84 g L⁻¹ OPW dose, validated by high model accuracy (R² = 0.98, adjusted R² = 0.96). The adsorbent demonstrated exceptional Freundlich isotherm compliance (R² = 0.99), revealing heterogeneous multilayer adsorption with a favorable dimensionless separation factor (0.019–0.006), and achieved a monolayer capacity of 43.84 mg g⁻¹ at 303 K, surpassing prior agricultural waste-based adsorbents. BET (30.276 m²/g surface area), SEM-EDX, and FTIR identified critical functional groups (−OH, −COOH) enabling electrostatic binding with DV 35's sulfonate groups, while pseudo-second-order kinetics (R² = 0.99). Thermodynamic profiling revealed spontaneous (ΔG° = −25.02 kJ mol⁻¹) and endothermic (ΔH° = 59.48 kJ mol⁻¹) adsorption, driven by entropy (ΔS° = 0.29 kJ mol-1 K⁻¹). The process exhibited dual-phase diffusion dynamics: rapid film diffusion (67 % removal within 4 min) followed by pore diffusion, with external film diffusion as the initial rate-limiting step. Present work aligned with circular economy principles by transforming waste into a high-value resource—first extracting pectin, then repurposing residues for dye remediation. This work establishes OPW as a cost-effective, eco-friendly solution for textile wastewater challenges, addressing a critical gap in azo dye adsorption research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of magnetic resonance imaging in CO2 storage systems: A review","authors":"Efenwengbe Nicholas Aminaho ,&nbsp;Nuruddeen Inuwa Aminu ,&nbsp;Faith Aminaho ,&nbsp;Chioma Lynda Okeke","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques are increasingly being recognized as indispensable tools in advancing the study of carbon dioxide (CO₂) storage and enhanced oil recovery (EOR). MRI enables non-invasive, high-resolution imaging of fluid distributions and interactions within porous media, offering valuable insights into two-phase flow dynamics. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements in the application of MRI for visualizing and quantifying multiphase flow behaviour, pore structure characteristics, wettability alterations, capillary trapping phenomena, CO₂ leakage assessment, and hydrate dynamics in porous media. The paper critically analyzes experimental methodologies such as core flooding systems and advanced imaging sequences like low-field and high-field NMR techniques, highlighting their advantages and current limitations in simulating field-relevant reservoir conditions. It also explores recent innovations, including diffusion-weighted imaging and low-field MRI adaptations, which are expanding the scope of MRI applications in geosciences. Comparative assessments of relevant studies reveal how MRI-derived data support real-time visualization of fluid distributions, saturation changes, and pore-scale interactions across multi-phase systems such as CO₂–brine–oil. Despite their promising role, MRI techniques face challenges related to scale-up, resolution constraints in heterogeneous rock samples, and operational complexity under reservoir pressures. To overcome these, the review emphasizes future directions such as integrating machine learning for data interpretation, scaling up MRI systems with lab measurements for field deployment, and incorporating experimental insights into predictive reservoir models. This work contributes to the ongoing development of accurate monitoring and verification tools essential for the success of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable synthesis of shea butter-derived bio-lubricants: A green alternative to mineral oils","authors":"Samuel Joseph ,&nbsp;Fredah Batale Abifarin ,&nbsp;Williams Wangka Jikisim ,&nbsp;Bekas Nabieyeh Jibrillu ,&nbsp;Johnson Kehinde Abifarin","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As environmental concerns over mineral oil-based lubricants rise, the search for sustainable alternatives intensifies. This study explores producing bio-lubricant from shea butter using double-transesterification with sodium hydroxide and tetraoxosulphate (IV) acid as catalysts. The process achieved a 57.89 % yield at a 4:1 molar ratio of shea methyl ester to trimethylolpropane, with 0.8 % w/w catalyst at 110°C for three hours. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified key functional groups in the crude oil: O-H (3340 cm⁻¹), C-H (2914–2980 cm⁻¹), C<img>O (1740 cm⁻¹), and C-H terminal alkane bonds (1456 cm⁻¹). In the bio-lubricant, the spectrum showed C-O ester groups (1173–1253 cm⁻¹), C<img>O carbonyl groups (1740 cm⁻¹), C-H stretching (2855–2923 cm⁻¹), and O-H polyol groups (3356 cm⁻¹). These findings demonstrate significant chemical and physicochemical modifications, underscoring the potential of shea butter-based bio-lubricant as a sustainable and green alternative to mineral oils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of selective gas adsorption on metal-organic frameworks: Cu–(abtc) vs. Cu–(hbtc)","authors":"Prudhviraj Medikonda","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the adsorption characteristics of di-isophthalate-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were evaluated by measuring the adsorption behavior of industrially relevant gases—including CO₂, CO, CH₄, N₂, C₂H₆, C₃H₈, and O₂—with varying polarity and polarizability. The functional group was modified by replacing the double bond (N = N) in a MOF derived from abtc with an NH–NH group (named hbtc). This modification highlights the enhanced affinity of the NH–NH group compared to N = N. Both frameworks feature open metal sites, which contribute significantly to their adsorption behavior. For all measured gases, Type–I isotherms were observed. The isotherms were modeled using the modified Virial equation for CO₂ and CO gases and the Langmuir model for nonpolar gases (O₂, N₂, CH₄, C₂H₆, and C₃H₈). Adsorption capacities increased with carbon chain length at low pressures, attributed to stronger dispersion interactions with longer hydrocarbons. Model parameters were used to calculate the enthalpies of adsorption, and the Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory was employed to predict the selectivity of binary mixtures. CO₂ selectivity over N₂ increased significantly with pressure, with higher CO₂ selectivity observed for Cu–hbtc compared to Cu–abtc due to the stronger affinity of the functional group and framework–adsorbate interactions. The findings of this work indicate the potential of these MOFs for sustainable applications, including carbon capture for climate change mitigation, biogas upgrading, and industrial gas separations, contributing to energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maple wood biochar-supported nickel nanoparticles: One pot synthesis for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dye mixture","authors":"Arvind K. Bhakta ,&nbsp;Lamia Znaidi ,&nbsp;Esther Blanc ,&nbsp;Nabil Challab ,&nbsp;Philippe Decorse ,&nbsp;Arlette Vega Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Dominique Vrel ,&nbsp;Souad Ammar ,&nbsp;Swaminathan Prasanna","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports on a facile and efficient technique to synthesize nickel particles supported on maple wood biochar to form magnetic nanocomposite able to remove dyes like methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) from water. Methodology involves wet impregnation with aqueous nickel nitrate solution followed by a pyrolysis at 500 ºC. This resulted in homogeneously and uniformly distributed irregular shaped Ni particles in the size range of 16 – 68 nm on the biochar surface. X-ray diffraction characterization confirms the presence of Ni particles and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals their slight surface oxidation. Their ability to answer to a magnetic field has been confirmed by recording the variation of their magnetization as a function of the magnetic field at room temperature using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. The G Raman band of the biochar appeared to be less intense in the nanocomposite, compared to pristine biochar prepared as a reference, meaning Ni nanoparticles hinder carbonaceous graphitization during pyrolysis. This can be attributed to the porosity creation, as suggested by SEM observations. Ultimately, magnetic nanocomposites were successfully applied for the removal of RhB and MO from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity for the RhB is found to be 54.21 mg/g. Thanks to the magnetic properties of the engineered nanocomposites; they can be separated by a magnet and reused. Reusability test of adsorbent have shown 99.41 %, 74.58 %, and 49.78 %, adsorption efficiency after first, second and third cycles, respectively. This work opens up a future perspective to create filters for treating waste water coming from textile industries. This work well aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals 6 (clean water and sanitation), 11 (sustainable cities and communities) and 13 (climate action).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling cupola slag for manufacturing magnesium metal matrix composites with alumina for electric vehicle battery pack system housings","authors":"Andrea Sánchez-Arroyo ,&nbsp;Mario Rodríguez-Reyes ,&nbsp;Gerardo Daniel Olvera-Romero ,&nbsp;José Refugio Parga-Torres ,&nbsp;Zully Matamoros-Veloza ,&nbsp;Brandon Osvaldo Villarreal-Fuentes ,&nbsp;Dagoberto Vázquez-Obregón","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated magnesium matrix composites reinforced with cupola slag (a source of CaSiO₃) and Al₂O₃ particles for potential application in battery pack system (BPS) housings. The composites were fabricated via powder metallurgy, resulting in four systems: a pure magnesium system (100 M), a composite with 85 wt% Mg and 15 wt% cupola slag (85M-15C), and two hybrid composites with 85 wt% Mg combined with 12.5 wt% and 5 wt% cupola slag, and 2.5 wt% and 5 wt% Al₂O₃, respectively, forming the 85M-12.5C-2.5 A and 85M-10C-5A systems. Their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution were systematically evaluated. Microstructural analysis revealed a significant grain size reduction in the reinforced systems, with the 85M-12.5C-2.5 A system achieving an average grain size of 9.4 µm compared to 22.5 µm in the unreinforced 100 M system. The incorporation of CaSiO₃ and Al₂O₃ reinforcements improved microhardness by up to 55 % and increased compressive strength to a maximum of 329.13 MPa. These enhancements were attributed to grain size and the synergistic effects of micro- and nano-reinforcements. Additionally, the reinforced composites demonstrated superior corrosion resistance, as evidenced by reduced degradation rates in the NaCl solution. This improvement was attributed to the formation of protective Mg(OH)₂ layers, with the 85M-10C-5A system exhibiting the lowest corrosion current density (122 μA/cm²). These findings underscore the potential of magnesium matrix composites reinforced with cupola slag and Al₂O₃ as lightweight, durable, and sustainable materials for BPS housings, addressing both performance and environmental considerations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive insights into Triclosan: Environmental sources, plant uptake, metabolism, phytotoxicity, and food safety risks","authors":"Dipti Agarwal,&nbsp;Komal Sharma,&nbsp;Hari Dev Chaudhary,&nbsp;Upma Bhatt,&nbsp;Vineet Soni","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triclosan (TCS), a widely used antimicrobial agent, has become an emerging environmental contaminant due to its extensive application in pharmaceutical and personal care products. Its persistence, high lipophilicity, and bioaccumulative nature contribute to its widespread presence in various environmental compartments, particularly aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This review explores the eco-toxicological impacts of TCS on plant systems, emphasizing its sources, bioaccumulation, and adverse effects on plant physiology, including oxidative stress, impaired photosynthesis, and biochemical disruptions. The ability of TCS to accumulate in agricultural soils via wastewater irrigation and biosolid application raises significant concerns about food security and ecosystem stability. Additionally, the review discusses the transformation and degradation of TCS in plant systems, highlighting its metabolic pathways and interactions with plant-associated microbiomes. Given its documented endocrine-disrupting properties, phytotoxicity, potential role in antimicrobial resistance, and adverse cascading effects on food chains, biodiversity, and ecosystem, the review underscores the urgent need for improved wastewater treatment protocols and sustainable remediation strategies for TCS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint risk assessment of drought and heat stroke in rainfed maize in Córdoba, Argentina","authors":"Antonio de la Casa,&nbsp;Gustavo Ovando,&nbsp;Guillermo Díaz,&nbsp;Pablo Díaz,&nbsp;Fernando Soler,&nbsp;Juan Clemente,&nbsp;Karina Torterolo,&nbsp;Lorenzo Gabba","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought and heat stress are adverse contingencies for agriculture that, when they occur simultaneously, amplify the productivity losses. This study investigates the risk of the joint occurrence of water scarcity and excessive heat on maize crops in the rainfed agricultural region of Córdoba, Argentina between 1970 and 2021. Meteorological records from 7 stations of the National Meteorological Service (SMN) in the region were used, comprising daily values of precipitation, minimum temperature and maximum temperature (Tx). Drought episodes were expressed using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), which assesses the difference between precipitation (PP) and potential evapotranspiration (EP). Using Tx and considering a threshold of 35°C, heat stroke events were represented by the following indicators on a monthly scale: Mean maximum temperature (Txm), Absolute maximum temperature (Txa), Number of days with Tx≥ 35°C (N°d_Tx≥35), Thermal sum above the threshold (ST&gt;35), and the Standardized Maximum Temperature Index (STxmI), which was obtained similarly to SPEI. The probabilistic and frequency assessment for Tx≥ 35°C reaches a maximum in December and January, with monthly mean values of 25 % in Villa Dolores (VD), 22 % in Villa de María de Río Seco (RS), 13 % in Marcos Juárez (MJ) and Laboulaye (LB), 11 % in Pilar (PO), and 8 % in Río Cuarto (RC). The maximum probability values of Tx≥ 35°C occur immediately before or during the maize flowering stage, a critical phase for both adverse events. There is a generalized inverse relationship between drought and heat stress, which is tighter across the entire region when SPEI and STxml values integrated every three months are used. Although this negative correlation is present throughout the year, it is particularly notable in December and January. Considering more specific indicators to express the heat stroke threat, both N°d_Tx≥ 35 and ST&gt; 35 exhibit a quadratic relationship with SPEI, such that the risk of maize productivity loss associated with water scarcity increases due to the synergistic effect with heat stress. According to the bivariate normal probability function, the joint risk of both factors occurs in approximately 7–10 % of the years in both December and January, corresponding to roughly half of the drought and heat stroke episodes considered independently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green extraction of natural indigoid from Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek using hydrophilic and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent technology","authors":"Patteera Aoonboontum ,&nbsp;Pattravee Thong-on ,&nbsp;Nakuntwalai Wisidsri ,&nbsp;Suradwadee Thugmangmee ,&nbsp;Tammanoon Rungsang ,&nbsp;Nanthaka Khorana ,&nbsp;Jukkarin Srivilai","doi":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2024.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxsust.2024.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on the development of an alternative and more environmentally friendly extraction solvent, a deep eutectic system (DES), for extracting indigoid pigments, specifically indigo and indirubin, from <em>Baphicacanthus cusia</em> (BC). BC is recognized in the textile industry as a natural vat dye and in traditional Chinese medicine as \"Qing-Dai\". It is known for treating inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. In this study, 46 DES systems were compared with conventional methods. The hydrophobic DES, a terpenoid and fatty acid system comprising thymol:decanoic acid (DES40), and the hydrophilic DES, a choline chloride-based system comprising choline chloride: <em>p</em>-toluenesulfonic acid (DES19), showed significant extraction improvements. DES40 and DES19 achieved approximately 26-fold higher indigo content compared to classical ethanol and outperformed the harsh organic solvent dichloromethane. The green extraction process was optimized using a Box–Behnken design, considering parameters such as temperature, time and co-solvent. DES19 maximized indigo and indirubin content to 270.91±14.38 and 5.70±0.11 mg/g, respectively, while DES40 yielded 108.28 ± 3.9 and 0.16 ± 0.00 mg/mg/g, respectively. Safety evaluations using a cell-based MTT model with human skin cells in keratinocytes and fibroblasts showed that both DES19 and DES40 were safe at all concentrations tested. These results indicate that a more environmentally friendly solvent technology for the extraction of indigoids from BC using the DES is an efficient and potential application in the textile and pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100960,"journal":{"name":"Next Sustainability","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}