中华医学美学美容杂志最新文献

{"title":"Effect of facial enhancement combined with fat injection technique on facial remodeling","authors":"Jun Qi, Kesu Hu, Yi Zhang, Dong Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the effect of facial enhanced fat injection technique in facial remodeling. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u000036 patients with facial facial reconstruction surgery from February 2011 to October 2014 in our hospital were involved in this study. The clinical data of patients with sagging facial aging and type A botulinum toxin injection combined with autologous fat granule injection enhanced facial surgery were evaluated. After postoperative follow-up of 3 months to 2 years, the effects of combined surgery of facial reconstruction were analyzed. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000In the 36 patients three months after operation a significant rate was 97.22%; at six months significant rate was 91.67%; at 12 month efficacy rate was 80.56%; at 18 months curative effect rate was 55.56%; at 24 months effective rate was 41.67%. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The use of botulinum toxin type A injection combined with autologous fat granule injection face lifting technique for facial reconstruction of aging patients with severe, is simple operation, obvious curative effect and less complications, which is an ideal treatment method that can be extended in clinical application. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Face; Skin aging; Injections; Botulinum toxins, type A; Autologous fat granule injection","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"435-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45242988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy and key points of individualized breast augmentation via inframammary fold incision","authors":"Yuping Ren, Jing Yu, Min Wu, N. Zeng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the key points of surgical techniques in individualized breast augmentation via inframammary fold (IMF) incision. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Fifty-six patients of our department from March 2014 to March 2017 in this group were followed up for 3-18 months, with average 12 months. According to the patients＇ characteristics to determine the size and dimensions of the implant and the exact position of new IMF, via IMF incision we inserted an implant part under the pectoralis major muscle and part posterior to the breast after precisely stripping and forming the implant pocket, which were the dual-plane augmentation mammoplasty. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with traditional endoscope-assisted breast augmentation via axillary incision, the breast augmentation via inframammary fold incision was more accurate, the operation time was shortened by an average of one hour, the intraoperative hemorrhage decreased by about 20 ml on average, the postoperative drainage fluid was reduced by about 70 ml on average, the hospitalization time was shortened by about 3 days, the postoperative breast shape was naturally upright, and the incision was hidden at the new inframammary fold. No hematoma, infection, significant hypertrophic scar, capsule contracture and other complications were noted. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The individualized dual-plane augmentation mammoplasty via IMF incision can hide the incision in the inframammary fold. The operation under direct vision and no use of special equipments make it an ideal breast augmentation surgery. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Breast implantation; Prosthesis implantation; Micromastia; Mastoptosis; Inframammary fold","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"411-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46121695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment of pediatric mandibular fractures","authors":"Xueyuan Yu, Maoguo Shu, Xiangyu Liu, Lin He, Xi Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the effectiveness of the individualized surgical fixation for the treatment of mandibular fractures in children. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The individualized mandibular fixation methods were used to treat mandibular fractures in 85 children in Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Xijing Hospital from April 2010 to July 2015. Depending on the fracture types and 3D pre simulation with stress and tension band fixation, six methods of treatment were used, including titanium plate, titanium plate-dental arch bars, biodegradable plate-dentalarch bars, biodegradable plate- occlusal splint, occlusal splint, and anchorage devices. Postoperative occlusal relationship, mouth opening and masticatory function were evaluated. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Fixation of titanium plate was used in 10 cases, titanium plate-dental arch bars in 25 cases, biodegradable plate-dentalarch bars in 20 cases, biodegradable plate- occlusal splint 15 cases, individualized occlusal splint in 3 cases and anchorage devices in 12 cases. The treatment outcomes were good in the combined methods of open reduction with personalized fixation for children with mandibular fractures, and the reduction was satisfactory. Occlusal relationship had a good recovery after operation. Eating and functional training started earlier in these pediatric patients after operation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000For pediatric mandibular fractures, open reduction and fixation with appropriate methods can lead to favorable anatomic morphology and occlusion relationship. The application of 3D imaging technology in analyzing the fracture and showing tooth germ in the jaw helps the improvement of surgical efficiency and avoidance of unwanted tooth germ injuries. Personalized dental arch bar and splint provide good strength for external fixation or assist fixation on strain band. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Mandibular fractures; Open fracture reduction; Fracture fixation; Dental arch splints; Children","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"386-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47006639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance between the facial morphology and nasal index: analysis of 210 young Han women in Henan","authors":"Wei Wang, Cuimei Wang, Zhongyang Liu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the relationship between the facial morphology and the nasal shape for young women of Han nationality in Henan. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Aiming at the female conscripts in Henan province in 2016, 210 healthy young females were enrolled in this study, and their anthropometric features were measured including height, weight, total head height, physiognomic facial height, morphological facial height, upper lip height, lip height, facial width, mandibular width, mouth breadth, nasal height, nasal length, nasal depth, and width of nose. The nasal indexes were divided into 5 groups according to different facial types. And their mean and standard deviation were calculated. The differences were analyzed by SPSS version 21.0. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Among the indexes measured, there were significant differences in height, face height, shape face height, upper lip height, face width, mandibular width, head height/face width, face height/face width, shape face height/face width and nose index; P values were significant. The classification of facial types was based on the ratio of morphological surface index to area width, and the main types of the groups were mid-facial and narrow-facial types. The differences among different facial types were statistically significant (F=12.75, P<0.05). The scatter plot showed that there was a linear correlation between nasal index and facial shape. Linear regression analysis showed that the linear equation Y=135.84-75.5X (X is the ratio of morphological index to facial width, Y is the nasal index). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Nasal type is related to the face type. The linear fitting equation between morphological facial height/facial width and nasal index is Y=135.84-75.5x. These findings may enrich the external nasal database, provide reference for the correction of nasal deformity and nasal reconstruction, and direct the clinical therapy. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Face; Nose; Body measurement; Han nationality; Women; Henan","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"419-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43458679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical effect of hyaluronidase on rabbit auricular cartilage","authors":"Chang Gao, Chen Zhang, Fusheng Liu, Zhan Lei","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the biomechanical effectiveness of hyaluronidase (HAase) on rabbit auricular cartilage in the early stage. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000HAase in 3 different concentrations (75 U/ml, 150 U/ml, 300 U/ml) were injected subcutaneously to rabbit auricle in 3 groups, while normal saline were injected as control. For the comparison of biomechanism properties among different groups and different time, cartilages were harvested at 3rd and 7th day after injection, followed by stress-relaxation assay. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Auricular cartilage displayed different levels in control group compared with other groups in elastic modulus (P<0.05) and maxmum stress (P<0.05) in 3th day as well as 7th day. While both in the same concentration group, there were also differences between the 3th and 7th day (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000HAase injection can cause changes in biomechanical properties of auricular cartilage. And 7 days would not be enough for the tissue recovery biomechanically. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Ear cartilage; Biomechanical phenomena; Rabbits; Glycosaminoglycans; Hyaluronidase","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"404-406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47975105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors related to healing time and scarring of herpes zoster in head and face","authors":"M. Wei, Wenge Fan, Qingsong Zhang, Jing Zhang, Q. Xue, Jun Zhao, Hao Ding, Ling-ling Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the healing degree of lesions of herpes zoster in the head and face and the risk factor of the discosmetic sequelae. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u000092 case of herpes zoster in the head and face were enrolled in this study. The patients were treated in dermatological clinic of Changshu No.1 People＇s Hospital from Jan. 2017 to Jun. 2018. The clinical data were recorded, such as the time of control, improving and healing of lesion, sex, age, position, the time of therapy starting and the behavior of scratching, extrusion and divest crust. The blood glucose and serum albumin of patients were measured. We observed the remained scars and performed statistic analysis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000In diabetes group, the control and healing time was (2.40±1.28) d and (10.38±2.47) d respectively, meanwhile the control and healing time was (1.72±0.94) d and (8.32±2.66) d respectively in non-diabetes group (P<0.05). The single factor analysis indicated that the age, position, diabetes, lesion extrusion, divest crust were the correlation factors of the zoster scar in head and face (P<0.05). Nevertheless the multifactor logistic regression indicated that the position, diabetes and divest crust were independent risk factors of the zoster scar in head and face (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The healing of herpes zoster is affected by diabetes. The independent risk factors of zoster scar in head and face are non-trigeminal nerves positions, diabetes and divest crust. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Herpes zoster; Cicatrix; Risk factors; Diabetes mellitus; Hypoalbuminemia","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"441-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47776080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of DKK1 in gallus of distraction gap during mandibular distraction osteogenesis and its implication","authors":"Wenwen Zhang, Hao Dai, Chunli Zhang, Wensong Shagnguan, Shu Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signal antagonist DKK1 protein in callus of distraction gap during mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Twenty four healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into distraction group, fracture control group, with twelve rabbits each, respectively. In distraction group, bilateral mandibular distraction models were established. In control group, after bilateral mandibular osteotomy, the two bone fragments were fixed by titanium plate and screws with a 5 mm gap. The expression of DKK1 in the distracted calluses was analyzed by cell digital imaging software. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Expression of DKK1 was co-localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of osteoblasts, fibroblasts, cartilageand newly embedded osteocytes. The expression of DKK1 increased following distraction activated after surgery, peaked at 10 days after surgery, the population of cells that stained for DKK1 decreased gradually. At 31 to 38 days postoperatively, DKK1 expression reduced gradually, mainly located in the osteocyte, and both nucleus and cytoplasm were positive staining. At each time point, the expression of DKK1 in distraction group was higher than that in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000During MDO, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is activated due to the distraction and mechanical strain on the bone. With the increased expression of Wnt-related factors, the endogenous negative feedback is enhanced to induce DKK1 expression and to regulate the activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This would be beneficial to the new bone formation and remodeling in the distraction gap. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Rabbits; Mandible; Distraction osteogenesis; Wnt signaling pathway; DKK1 protein","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"396-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49411914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lab color measurements of Ota nevus, freckles and melasma","authors":"Lei Zhang, Xiang Li, Tingting Jin, Qin Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.05.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000Lab color mode can be used to digitize the color. This study explores the possibility of using Lab model to measure facial pigmentations. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Lab color model was used to measure the normal skin and three common clinical pigmentations (Ota nevus, freckles and melasma). We also analyzed the characteristics and assessed the data changes after the treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Average L, a and b values were 54.4, 13.8 and 19.0 in normal skin, 34.6, 5.17 and 6.9 in Ota nevus, 43.25, 16.15 and 23.05 in freckles and 40.5, 16.8 and 23.35 in melasma, respectively. The Lab values of freckles and melasma were close. The order of L value was: normal skin > freckle > melasma > Ota nevus; the order of value of a and b was: melasma > freckle > normal skin > Ota nevus. After treatment, the Lab values gradually tended to be the values of normal skin. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The Lab color mode can be used as a digital description method for skin color and facial pigmentation, which provides an objective measure for clinical research. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Nevus of Ota; Freckles; Chloasma; Melanosomes; Lab color model; Digital description","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"364-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43731754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical application of autologous auricular cartilage in nasal tip plasty","authors":"Jian-bing Li, Dong-Keun Song, Yanlong Xu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.05.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To observe and discuss the application and clinical effect of different forms of ear cartilage in nasal tip plasty. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Auricular cartilage was used to prune it as \" halberd\" shape at first, and then the extended transplantation and the cartilage fornix reconstruction were carried out by using single or combined septum cartilage. Meanwhile, nasal tip plasty was performed by using \" cap shape\" or \" shield shape\" cartilage grafting. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000136 patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months after operation. 119 cases were satisfied, accounting for 87.5%, of which 11 cases (ear cartilage weakness) were not improved obviously, accounting for 8%. However, there were only 6 cases with the unsatisfactory feedback as the nasal tip that was decreased by 1~2 mm one year after the operation, accounting for 4.41%. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The auricular cartilage is pruned as \" halberd\" shape singly or combined with septal cartilage as an extended graft, reconstructing the cartilage fornix in the meantime, which is the way better than the traditional way of making nasal tip plasty to obtain the ideal nasal tip protrusion. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Rhinoplasty; Ear cartilage; Autografts; Halberd shape; Cartilage fornix reconstruction","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"335-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47662254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of electron beam computed tomography and rapid prototyping techniques for a cranial bone defect model in goat","authors":"Jian-feng Liu, L. Gui, Zhiyong Zhang, F. Niu, Bing Yu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.05.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-0290.2018.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To establish a cranial bone defect model of goat and to study application in craniomaxillo-facial surgery. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) scanner was used to scan goat` heads and faces in series and thin layers. Data of EBCT were input in workstation from digital inlet, and then to three-dimensional reconstruction with method of surface shadow. After final data were transformed to the files, the rapid prototyping machine was able to identify and establish the 3D model. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The EBCT continuous thin-layer (1 mm) scanning data were passed to wave filter, falling coarse, distinguishing and collecting the outline, 3D-reconstruction, curved surface reconstruction with CAD and the substance reconstruction. The final data were input into the laser rapid prototyping machine. Three-dimensional bionic cranium models were fabricated by machine in layer by layer manufacturing principle. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Establishment of the cranial bone defect model in the goat is very useful to the three-dimensional measurement, individualized reconstruction and basic and clinical research for the cranial bone defect. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Goat; Cranial bone defect; Electron beam computed tomography; Rapid prototyping; Three-dimensional model","PeriodicalId":10094,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"372-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42624831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}