Nature-Based Solutions最新文献

{"title":"Culturally appropriate nature-based solutions policy settings supporting Indigenous Peoples in Australia—International lessons and applications","authors":"Kamaljit K Sangha ,&nbsp;Ronju Ahammad ,&nbsp;Jeremy Russell-Smith ,&nbsp;Marcello Hernández-Blanco ,&nbsp;Octavio Pérez-Maqueo ,&nbsp;Robert Costanza","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are fast emerging as action-based approaches to address climate change, biodiversity decline, land degradation, conservation and socio-economic issues. Among a wide range of NbS approaches, Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) is one of the famous and tried approaches that have been developed and implemented in several countries to date, offering lessons to be learnt for developing innovative NbS-PES ‘systems’ which are beyond the typical market approach and related policy settings, particularly to benefit Indigenous perspectives. To develop such Indigenous-specific PES or more appropriately incentivising schemes for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs), we analyse and draw lessons from three famous PES schemes from Costa Rica, Mexico, and the Biodiversity Conservation Trust (BCT) from New South Wales (NSW), Australia. We examine their operational policy infrastructure and mechanisms for governing, monitoring, and payments/incentives for Ecosystem Services (ES). One common feature of the selected schemes is the pivotal role of national (Costa Rica and Mexico) and state (NSW) governments in developing specific legislation and regulatory guidelines to mediate these programmes, establish a national/state fund and authority to monitor the contracted conservation sites—offering a standardised and credible arrangement for ES providers and beneficiaries while reducing transactional costs for all parties. Other key learnings include applying a simple, input-based approach and paying land managers on a per-hectare basis for ES as a bundle, using simple indicators such as the state of the forest/ecosystem as a proxy for ES—offering insights for developing nature-based markets for Indigenous peoples in Australia and IPLCs globally. While planning Indigenous-specific schemes, we emphasise that it is critical to consider sociocultural and economic settings in which locals operate to develop equitable and sustainable mechanisms, given that many IPLCs’ value systems are societal and their relationships with nature often lie outside the typical market regimes. Applying IPLCs’ perspectives, we explore a Common Assets Trust model at a state/national scale as an alternative to the market approaches that can afford a common platform for stakeholders to exchange, govern, and monitor ES while also promoting the development of equitable, sustainable, and culturally appropriate incentivizing mechanisms involving low transactional and monitoring costs for IPLCs globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aesthetic ecosystem services of diverse wildflowers: People's experience shapes preferences for floral traits","authors":"Mahoro Tomitaka ,&nbsp;Taiki Inoue ,&nbsp;Gaku S Hirayama ,&nbsp;Atushi Ushimaru ,&nbsp;Hiroshi S Ishii ,&nbsp;Takehiro Sasaki ,&nbsp;Tanaka Kenta","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human preferences for landscapes and species can strongly influence the human wellbeing derived from nature and motivation for nature conservation. In this study, we conducted an online survey of 10,000 residents in Japan using photographs of 160 species to determine their aesthetic preferences for wildflowers. Participants with abundant nature experience, i.e., those with old age and high plant identification knowledge scores, preferred a floral trait group with complex traits (bilateral, deep floral tubes/spurs, and downward flower orientation) as well as rare species, whereas participants with limited nature experience preferred flowers with prototypical traits (upward-facing, radial capitulum). With the increase in plant identification knowledge, preference for native or exotic species increased or decreased, respectively. In addition to the previously-noted general innate preferences common to humans across different personal backgrounds, nature experience played an important role in determining floral preferences. This finding suggests that ecosystems with high floral diversity are important to support cultural ecosystem services for humans with diverse preferences. Moreover, our finding that preference for healthy ecosystems containing complex, rare, and native flowers increases through nature experiences suggests a positive feedback loop consisting of nature experience, preference, well-being, and conservation motivation. The loss of opportunities for humans to connect with nature could break this positive feedback loop and accelerate the deterioration of nature. In conclusion, creating opportunities for contact with nature that take human preferences into account could provide a breakthrough for ensuring sustainable nature-based solutions that benefit both societal well-being and natural environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a causal conceptual model of managed dyke realignment as a boundary object promotes multi-stakeholder collaboration and co-production","authors":"Lara Cornejo ,&nbsp;Kate Sherren ,&nbsp;Jeremy Lundholm ,&nbsp;Danika van Proosdij ,&nbsp;Elena M. Bennett","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collaboration in cross-sectoral initiatives with diverse groups of stakeholders can be facilitated using boundary objects. Knowledge co-production based in such collaboration approaches can contribute to solve pressing environmental issues. In this paper, we describe the process of developing a conceptual model through synthesis and expert knowledge elicitation to assess social-ecological dynamics in the context of managed dyke realignment in a complex coastal landscape around the Bay of Fundy, Canada. We explored how the model served as a boundary object for multi-stakeholder collaboration, and how it contributed to interdisciplinary research within our case study. A participatory approach involving stakeholders from different institutions and backgrounds who are actively working in the landscape, was carried out through 5 elicitation phases in 5 months. This participatory process produced a conceptual model that meets the characteristics of a boundary object and contributes to the principles of co-production. Discussions about model functionality and the complexity of the system, including conflicting arguments, emerged from the participatory process. The process highlights climate adaptation policy implications such as the need to decrease administrative complexity and facilitate funding access, as well as guarantee long-term monitoring of implementation sites to pursue adaptive management. We suggest the model structure and process presented in this work can be used to assess other management strategies in this and similar landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous knowledge driven nature-based solutions: findings from an international design competition","authors":"Maibritt Pedersen Zari ,&nbsp;Mercia Abbott ,&nbsp;India Chenery ,&nbsp;Huhana Smith ,&nbsp;Rebecca Kiddle ,&nbsp;Lama Tone ,&nbsp;Selina Ershadi","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature-based solutions (NbS) strengthen biodiversity and ecosystems but should also centre human wellbeing. Understandings of wellbeing differ however and relate closely to cultural values, relationships with nature, and worldviews. This means that NbS can hold very different meanings across contexts, reflecting varying cultural values and understandings of wellbeing. This is true in the culturally diverse region of <em>Te Moananui</em> Oceania (the island nations of the Pacific), where relationships to nature and cultural worldviews are unique. The region is where many nations most impacted by climate change are located. NbS offer significant potential for effective climate change adaptation and are increasingly being explored and utilized in <em>Te Moananui</em> Oceania.</div><div>To explore nature-based adaptation agendas grounded in Indigenous ecological knowledge and cultural understandings of wellbeing, and to strengthen connections between NbS and place-based worldviews in urban climate adaptation, an international design competition focused on urban NbS in <em>Te Moananui</em> Oceania was held in 2023. This design-led research methodology was used to both understand how people were already thinking about and implementing NbS in relation to the range of Indigenous knowledge in the region as a means to adapt to climate change. The competition was also a means to capture and exhibit the collective imagination regarding climate futures in an inclusive, enabling, and impactful way. Strategies offered by competition entrants in turn informed ongoing research into how to design effective NbS in the region. We examine the usefulness of the design competition as a research methodology, and its suitability to bridge cultural differences, political agendas, and varying worldviews in the climate change adaptation arena.</div><div>Findings from over 70 entries revealed that working with water-based ecologies, storytelling, and relational place-based design were recurring themes. Many projects combined Indigenous and contemporary knowledge systems, suggesting that hybrid approaches have value. We argue that design competitions can be effective research tools; supporting dialogue across worldviews and illustrating contextually grounded strategies for just climate adaptation. For climate adaptation to be realistic, effective, culturally relevant, and just, a deep and considered understanding of connection to place and a place’s people is vital.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How biophilic design of the school outdoor environments impacts adolescents’ behaviour and psychology: A post-occupancy evaluation based on SEM","authors":"Mengqi Li ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Jie Yin ,&nbsp;Leiqing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies showed biophilic design enhances the restorative qualities of learning environments, reducing students’ stress and anxiety and benefiting their mental health. This study, guided by Kellert's biophilic design principles, examined the impact of eight biophilic design indicators across three dimensions—naturalness, aesthetics, and activity—on middle school students' physical activity, social interactions, and anxiety. It investigated how these factors contribute to reducing anxiety. Using a structural equation model, post-occupancy evaluation data from 275 adolescents were analyzed. The results show that the activity dimension directly influenced physical activity, which in turn affected anxiety and social interactions. Naturalness impacted physical activity and social interactions, while aesthetics negatively affected physical activity. The study highlights physical health as a key mediator and underscores the positive influence of naturalness and activity on anxiety reduction, contrasting with the negative impact of aesthetics. The findings suggest that integrating natural elements and promoting physical activity in school design may reduce adolescents ' anxiety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional green wall in primary school. An integrated approach between academics and local governance to improve educational environment","authors":"Elena Comino ,&nbsp;Laura Dominici ,&nbsp;Chiara Baldacchini ,&nbsp;Silvia Barbero ,&nbsp;Laura Ribotta","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are increasingly adopted to reintroduce nature and vegetation and provide ecosystem services in cities. In the framework of NbS, green walls are implemented in outdoors and indoors for multifunctional purposes providing physical, psychological and social benefits for humans. Beyond these positive aspects, how can this type of NbS be efficiently implemented inside public buildings? What are the main constraints? How can local communities and municipalities manage the process to implement multi-functional indoor green walls in public buildings? This study offers an overview of these aspects based on the experience gained during the proGIreg project. It describes the case study of a primary school in the Municipality of Turin (Italy) involved in the project as a Living Lab that hosts an indoor green wall to provide multifunctional benefits including the improvement of indoor air quality and pro-environmental behaviour of students. The case study demonstrates potentialities offered by the indoor green wall to reduce the risk of air pollution exposure of students and school staff. Moreover, the indoor green wall is presented as an educational tool used to introduce NbS and their benefits to students and teachers through a specific educational program. This contribution describes the multi-perspective methodology adopted to involve all the actors of the quadruple helix innovation model (academic experts, technicians from companies, the municipality, and civil society) in the co-creation process. The design process is presented to introduce technical requirements and practical information for implementing indoor green walls in primary schools and providing indications to replicate the application in other contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of a large-scale nature-based solution on the macroinvertebrate diversity in a gravel river in The Netherlands","authors":"Maya M. Daumal ,&nbsp;Rosan van Halsema ,&nbsp;Dorine T.B.M. Dekkers ,&nbsp;Roy H.J. Erkens ,&nbsp;Edwin T.H.M. Peeters","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature-based solutions (NbS) aim to restore river ecosystems and improve biodiversity, but their effectiveness in enhancing aquatic ecological quality remains uncertain, especially across different waterbody types. To address this gap, we assessed macroinvertebrate communities in the Border Meuse valley following NbS interventions. Sampling was conducted across the main channel, secondary channels, floodplain lakes, and tributaries. We analysed abiotic conditions, taxonomic composition, abundances, diversity indices, and contributions to regional β-diversity.</div><div>A total of 218,810 individuals representing 152 taxa were recorded. Lakes and tributaries supported the highest abundances and most unique taxa (∼20 each), while the main channel and secondary channels contributed least to regional diversity. Shannon-Wiener diversity was highest in lakes and lowest in the Meuse. Differences in abiotic conditions further separated lakes and tributaries from other waterbody types. Secondary channels shared characteristics with the Meuse and supported similar macroinvertebrate assemblages, suggesting limited added ecological value. Despite restoration efforts, taxa characteristic of fast-flowing gravel rivers remains largely absent.</div><div>These results indicate that NbS measures in the Border Meuse, particularly the creation of side channels, had limited effectiveness in restoring aquatic biodiversity. Contributing factors include low habitat heterogeneity, pre-existing modifications in tributaries, and the lack of new floodplain lake creation. We propose five lessons for future NbS planning: conduct thorough system analysis, gather pre- and post-project data, set ecologically realistic goals, implement adaptive management, and promote knowledge sharing. A functional, ecosystem-based approach is essential for improving biodiversity outcomes in large river restoration projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human, or nature-led? A spectrum of nature-based solutions","authors":"Alan Puttock,&nbsp;Roger E. Auster,&nbsp;Naomi Gatis,&nbsp;Richard E. Brazier","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the face of a global climate and biodiversity crisis, alongside intensifying natural hazards, there is growing interest in solutions that work with nature rather than against it—often referred to as Nature-based Solutions (NbS).</div><div>NbS encompass a spectrum of approaches addressing diverse challenges. Based on our research in water resources, landscape management, and climate mitigation, in this perspective piece we identify two forms of NbS: (1) human-led interventions (H<img>NbS) that are actively designed and maintained, and (2) nature-led solutions (N<img>NbS) that allow natural processes to function with minimal human intervention.</div><div>Drawing on our experience working with practitioners and policymakers, we highlight four key factors influencing the uptake and implementation of H<img>NbS and N<img>NbS: (1) the need for certainty, (2) balancing co-benefits and risks, (3) governance structures, and (4) societal perceptions of NbS.</div><div>We propose that viewing NbS on a spectrum—from human-led to nature-led—offers a valuable framework for integrating these approaches alongside engineered solutions in policy and management. Recognising and leveraging the strengths of nature-led solutions can enhance sustainable, multi-benefit resilience in the face of environmental challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted irrigation to improve the cooling potential of urban trees as a nature-based solution: Insights from a field trail in Hanover","authors":"Janina Haupt ,&nbsp;Jochen Hack ,&nbsp;Antje Backhaus","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With regard to the rising temperatures due to climate change and the intensification of the urban heat island effect (UHIE), nature-based solutions (NbS) are becoming increasingly important. In particular trees can mitigate the effects of the UHIE by shading and through transpiration. As trees suffering from heat and drought decrease their cooling properties under stress, this study investigates the effects of supplementary irrigation to increase the cooling capacities. The research focus is on how different irrigation practices can directly support the cooling effects of young urban trees as a NbS. The novelty of our study is the direct field trial comparison of irrigation quantities in combination with the quantification of their microclimatic effects. From May to September 2024, we observed three groups of <em>Tilia cordata</em> (unirrigated, monthly irrigated, weekly irrigated) in the city of Hanover, Germany, and measured air temperature and relative humidity (RH) within the tree crowns. The results show, that an investment in tree irrigation results in an increase of cooling capability of up to -0.67 °C and up to +5.98 %RH on hot days over 30 °C. Urban tree care is more than just keeping trees alive by minimizing water use, trees are a valuable resource that we can benefit from by using water wisely. Future-oriented tree irrigation, which not only ensures the survival of the trees but also promotes their natural functions, optimises the urban climate in a natural way.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-based solutions for urban climate resilience: implementation, contribution, and effectiveness","authors":"Gemechis B Mosisa ,&nbsp;Bobe Bedadi ,&nbsp;Gemedo Dalle ,&nbsp;Nega Tassie","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by the need to enhance urban climate resilience, there is a growing preference for nature-based solutions (NbS) over conventional architecture, mostly attributed to their ecological benefits and economic advantages. This systematic review analyzed global knowledge and research gaps regarding the implementation, contribution, and effectiveness (ICE) of NbS. Using Publish and Perish version 8 software, across Google Scholar and Elsevier Scopus, 749 publications were initially retrieved (2014 – 2025), with 84 (11.20 % of the initial search results) meeting inclusion criteria. Additionally, a qualitative analysis was conducted on a sample of 26 publications, selected from the initial 84 articles. The review demonstrates that though NbS hold substantial promise for optimizing urban climate resilience, their successful implementation is contingent upon addressing a complex relationship between factors like data-driven planning, stakeholder awareness and engagement, resource availability, institutional framework, and context-specific considerations. Moreover, it highlights the significance of integrating ecological, economic, and social dimensions, tailoring interventions to local needs, and utilizing rigorous evaluation methodologies to ensure the effectiveness and long-term contribution of NbS in fostering resilient urban environments to the climate change impacts. Though the scope of this review was constrained by various factors like language and database, it identified significant research gaps, including limited geographical case studies, reliance on secondary data and sources, methodological inconsistencies, lack of standardized approaches, and inadequate understanding of the complex functions of NbS in urban climate resilience. For instance, of the 26 qualitative sample publications selected for this systematic review, almost 54 % employed only secondary data sources, and eight publications lacked clear and specified data analysis techniques. Hence, future research should prioritize primary data, robust methodologies, transdisciplinary collaboration, and a broader geographical focus to promote the effectiveness and successful implementation of NbS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}