Natural Hazards Research最新文献

{"title":"Landslide susceptibility zonation of a hilly region: A quantitative approach","authors":"Janaki Ballav Swain ,&nbsp;Ningthoujam James Singh ,&nbsp;Lovi Raj Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Categorization of landslide susceptibility holds great significance in hilly regions as it is one of the regularly occurring natural hazards that brings massive devastation to life as well as property. Detection of such landslide susceptible areas is regarded as a useful input for policymakers who plan various developmental activities in those areas. The present study considers Pabbar Catchment, located in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India as the study area and prepares a Landslide Susceptibility Map (LSM) for it using the Frequency Ratio (FR) technique. Eleven geo-morphological aspects of the catchment called ‘causative factors’ were used in thematic form for building the LSM. Being a quantitative method, FR functioned satisfactorily as the prediction accuracy came out as 0.825 in the Area Under Curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operation Characteristics (ROC) process. Approximately 7.48% of the geographical area from the catchment falls under the ‘very high’ landslide susceptible zone, 37.31% under the ‘high’ category, whereas 35.34% of the area comes under the ‘moderate’ susceptible zone. The results shall be advantageous for similar kinds of investigations as well as for planning and development authorities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266659212300077X/pdfft?md5=a3622dbff0a31f6f708e9cbbc7f58e6f&pid=1-s2.0-S266659212300077X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84106294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gap between impact-based and impact forecast and warning: Implications for people-centric early warning system (EWS) in India","authors":"Biswanath Dash","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the scope and potential of Impact-based Forecast and Warning (IbFW) services for hydro-meteorological hazards in India. It builds upon several global and national initiatives which emphasize that the Early Warning System (EWS) requires to be people-centric and inclusive in order to reduce disaster risk. The objectives of the study are: to understand the current Impact-based Forecast and Warnings framework of the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and its usefulness from the people's perspective. Drawing from fieldwork conducted in Krushnaparasad Block, Puri District of India, the paper argues that there is a shifting focus towards meeting the requirements of general public, but there is a long way to go as far as meeting expectations are concerned. It calls for changes such as strengthening risk assessment modeling, clarity over institutional mandates and adoption of flexible governance frameworks to move from an Impact-based paradigm to Impact Forecast and Warning services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 110-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666592123000872/pdfft?md5=bade3fb5fe08314a433c106affc4242c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666592123000872-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135348584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flood risk assessment of the population in Afghanistan: A spatial analysis of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability","authors":"Qiyamud Din Ikram ,&nbsp;Abdur Rashid Jamalzi ,&nbsp;Abdur Rahim Hamidi ,&nbsp;Irfan Ullah ,&nbsp;Muhmmad Shahab","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flooding is a recurrent and severe natural hazard in Afghanistan, exacerbated by climate change, and poses significant threats to human lives and livelihoods. The country's socioeconomic vulnerabilities make it highly susceptible to the devastating impacts of disasters, resulting in loss of lives, livelihoods, and damage to public and private assets. This study employs a multimethod research approach, combining remote sensing-based flood data analysis with spatial analysis and literature studies, to comprehensively assess flood risk by considering hazard, exposure, and vulnerability indicators. Specifically, a 25-year return flood event was used to examine flood risk for the exposed population. The framework proposed by the IPCC in 2014 was adopted to define flood risk, encompassing hazard, exposure, and vulnerability components. The findings reveal that provinces located near major river basins, particularly in the southern, northern, and northeastern regions, experience the highest flood risk. Notably, the provinces of Nimroz and Helmand in the southern region exhibit pronounced risk index values of 0.20 and 0.10, with a highly exposed population of 36% and 15%, respectively, and vulnerability index values of 0.57 and 0.62. Similarly, in the northern and northeastern regions, the provinces of Jawzjan and Kunduz also display elevated risk levels, each with a risk index value of 0.11, characterized by highly exposed populations of 21% and 18%, respectively, and vulnerability index values of 0.53 and 0.57. This multi-method approach provides valuable insights into the spatial distribution of flood risk and the drivers of population exposure, assisting policymakers and decision-makers in formulating effective flood risk reduction strategies through targeted flood vulnerability and risk reduction measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 46-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666592123000884/pdfft?md5=c83a523fe14fd51223f176f609568c0c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666592123000884-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135348013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slope instabilities and evolution of tectonic geomorphology along the strike of the Main Boundary Thrust zone in the western Himalaya, India","authors":"Anirudh Datta ,&nbsp;Khayingshing Luirei ,&nbsp;Manish Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and Main Boundary Fault (MBF) zones of the southeast Himachal Himalaya are susceptible to various types of mass movement. Several active and in-active landslides are observed along the strike of the MBT. The landslides are mainly controlled by the brecciated and highly fractured nature of the bedrocks, and the intersecting joint sets form wedges. The movements are taking place along the fault planes, fracture planes, and bedding planes; and the types of failure are wedge failure, planar failure, toppling, rock falls, and complex landslides. The various morphotectonic features observed in the study area include fault traces, fault scarps, strath terraces, paleochannels and structurally controlled channels. Fault traces and their associated deformed landforms are the most spectacular tectonic landforms in the area. Along the strike length of the fault traces several linearly arranged sag ponds have formed, in the western segment the fault trace is observed along the MBF and the fault scarp dips south, with a maximum height of about 34 ​m. In the eastern segment the fault trace cut across the MBT, the fault trace is also displaced by transverse faults. Paleochannels and multiple levels of strath and fill terraces collectively indicate the river channel's disequilibrium state concerning the ongoing tectonic activity. The cross-cutting relation and displacement pattern of fault traces indicate later phases of tectonic activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 118-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666592123000896/pdfft?md5=1b0d4314a73ce10aca080b62c85061f4&pid=1-s2.0-S2666592123000896-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunnelling-induced ground surface settlement: A comprehensive review with particular attention to artificial intelligence technologies","authors":"Gang Niu,&nbsp;Xuzhen He,&nbsp;Haoding Xu,&nbsp;Shaoheng Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shallow tunnels in urban areas are close to adjacent buildings and municipal pipelines. Ground surface settlement (GSS) due to tunnelling can cause damage to those infrastructures surrounded. Many methods have been proposed for evaluating ground settlement induced by tunnelling, including empirical, analytical, numerical and artificial intelligence methods. This paper reviews the proposed methods in detail based on published 677 articles within past ten years. The principles, assumptions and application scope of those methods are summarized and the advantages and limitations of each method are discussed. Since artificial intelligence (AI) become popular in recent few years, the application of AI in the aspect of tunnelling-induced ground deformation is introduced emphatically. Finally, the challenges of ground displacement prediction by machine learning (ML) are clarified and future research directions are suggested.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 148-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666592123001129/pdfft?md5=769b5ced330f65fc3b86cc419108fee9&pid=1-s2.0-S2666592123001129-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135714755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote sensing through the fog of war: Infrastructure damage and environmental change during the Russian-Ukrainian conflict revealed by open-access data","authors":"Hang Xu ,&nbsp;Sylvain Barbot ,&nbsp;Teng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2024.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2024.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Russian-Ukrainian conflict spawned a high-intensity war that shattered decades of peace in Europe. The use of drones and social media elevates open-source intelligence as a critical strategic asset. However, information from these sources is sporadic, difficult to confirm, and prone to manipulation. Here, we use open-access spaceborne remote sensing data to probe the damage to infrastructure on and off the frontline at the city, region, and country-wide scales in Ukraine. Nighttime light data and Synthetic Aperture Radar images reveal widespread blackout and unveil the destruction of battleground cities, offering contrasted perspectives on the impact of the conflict. Optical satellite images capture extensive flooding along the Dnipro River in the aftermath of the breach of the Kakhovka dam. Leveraging visible, near-infrared, and microwave satellite data, we bring to light disruption of human activities, havoc in the environment, and the annihilation of entire cities during the protracted conflict. Open-source remote sensing can offer objective information about the nature and extent of devastation during military conflicts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666592124000064/pdfft?md5=465e3b529bcbed6a75143f1eb317155c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666592124000064-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating multi-hazard risk associated with tropical cyclones using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process model","authors":"Sajib Sarker ,&nbsp;Mohammed Sarfaraz Gani Adnan","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multi-hazard events have received attention globally due to their increasing frequency and severity in recent years. The coastal region of Bangladesh is particularly vulnerable to multi-hazard events induced by tropical cyclones (TC), including coastal flooding, extreme precipitation, extreme winds, and salinity intrusion. These events inflict substantial damage on human lives and property, yet there has been limited effort to quantitatively assess the associated risks. This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of multi-hazard risks stemming from TC events, employing a Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) approach. Risk is assessed in relation to hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and mitigation capacities in the study area. Various indicators are selected to define each of these four risk components, with weights determined through expert input for FAHP modeling. The results indicate that more than 50% of the area faces multi-hazard risks, with the hazard component exhibiting the highest degree of risk association, followed by exposure, vulnerability, and adaptive capacity. Storm surge-induced flooding is identified as the most prominent hazard during TC events, followed by intense precipitation, extreme winds, and salinity intrusion. Areas characterized by high population density, a large number of vulnerable populations (e.g., those under 15 years or over 65 years), low elevation, and underdevelopment are found to be the most risk prone. Notably, the presence of hospitals, cyclone centers, and effective warning systems in proximity to an area enhances its potential to withstand multi-hazard impacts. Among the 19 coastal districts, Cox's Bazar and Feni are identified as the most risk prone. The framework and findings presented in this study offer valuable insights for the development and prioritization of multi-hazard risk mitigation policies by identifying the most vulnerable zones and the associated risk factors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 97-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666592123001178/pdfft?md5=a25eab5562fe1dd425907e277e53bea2&pid=1-s2.0-S2666592123001178-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139291643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications and challenges of artificial intelligence in the field of disaster prevention, reduction, and relief","authors":"Chong Xu,&nbsp;Zhiwen Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 169-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266659212300121X/pdfft?md5=9ef7de3cdb67ae43758609be6a0b0d0d&pid=1-s2.0-S266659212300121X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the extreme sand/dust storm disaster in North China on March 26th, 1862","authors":"Jie Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Case studies of extreme sand/dust storm disasters in history are crucial for better understanding of sand/dust storm, whereas the bottleneck is lack of data. This paper attempts to reconstruct and assess the spatial and temporal characteristics of an extreme sand/dust storm disaster in North China on March 26th, 1862. Through extensive examination of historical documents, abundant and detailed materials were found in the <em>Diaries of Xianqiao Shanfang</em>, <em>The Diary of Weng Tonghe</em>, <em>Diary in Jinmen (Jinmen Wen Jian Lu)</em>, <em>Qing History Manuscripts</em> and 13 historical local chronicles. A large-scale sand/dust storm occurred in North China on March 26th, 1862, which lasted about three days, and its spatial range covered 34∼40°N, 116∼120°E. The storm was very strong, and the horizontal visibility reduced to &lt;50 m in some areas, therefore can be classified as an ‘extra-strong sand/dust storm’. This disaster caused a large number of casualties, therefore can be classified as an “extremely severe sand/dust storm disaster”. Tianjin was particularly seriously hit, dozens of people died of it. At least for Tianjin, this could be an unprecedented sand/dust storm disaster in history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 626-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88964765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary research on the damage to ancient buildings and cultural relics caused by the 1927 Gulang M 8.0 earthquake, Northwest China","authors":"Zhongsheng Lei,&nbsp;Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Yunsheng Yao,&nbsp;Shiming Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nhres.2023.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ancient buildings are priceless cultural relics of human. As a historic and cultural city in China, Wuwei is adorned with ancient buildings that serve as beautiful scenery and valuable cultural resources. These buildings have endured the attacks of the 1927 Gulang earthquake and several major earthquakes, providing us with rich and invaluable experience in earthquake resistance. This paper systematically reviews the damage caused by the 1927 Gulang M8 earthquake to ancient buildings, such as pagodas, official buildings, temples, city walls, ancient tombs, grottoes, and stone steles through literature collection, analysis, review, and field investigation. The study reveals that the impact of the Gulang earthquake on ancient buildings is mainly manifested in the destruction of the building structures. Examples include cracks in frameworks, damage to the joints of mortise and tenon structures, and the collapse of dome structures, etc. In addition to structural damage, there are also instances of gravity collapse and shaking off. The extent of damage is influenced by factors such as seismic intensity, construction materials, structural types, foundation types, distance, and directions. In order to protect ancient buildings to the greatest extent, appropriate strategies should be selected based on the type of ancient buildings. These strategies may include regular maintenance and reinforcement of weak parts in the building structures, the construction of supporting facilities to provide support for ancient buildings, and the implementation of measures such as seismic weakening and buffering. We firmly believe that by prioritizing earthquake-resistant protection for ancient buildings, and implementing necessary and reasonable protective measures, we can minimize earthquake damages to ancient buildings, and preserve the precious heritage of mankind for as long as possible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100943,"journal":{"name":"Natural Hazards Research","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 614-625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82030586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}