Language and Health最新文献

{"title":"ABP Publisher's note","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2949-9038(24)00030-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2949-9038(24)00030-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN Publisher's note","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2949-9038(24)00032-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2949-9038(24)00032-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142719778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translating informed consent in Scottish maternity services: perspectives from providers and researchers of both maternity care and translation/interpreting services.","authors":"Jenny Patterson ,&nbsp;Şebnem Susam-Saraeva","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Failing to meet the communication and information needs of childbearing women leaves them unable to provide true informed consent. Lack of control or lack of involvement in decision making contribute to birth trauma. For those with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) receiving information requires use of interpreters often hindered within pressurised maternity services and urgent situations. Women with LEP are often of ethnicities at risk of poorer maternity outcomes and from cultures where maternity service practices differ from Scottish maternity services.</div></div><div><h3>Question</h3><div>How do maternity care professionals (MCPs) and translation &amp; interpreting (T&amp;I) providers experience their role around informed consent when caring for women with LEP in Scotland; what do they identify as barriers or facilitators?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected using qualitative methodology through online focus groups and interactive workshops including a mix of MCPs and T&amp;I providers. Recruitment used a snowball approach via word of mouth and email. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, workshops were audio-visually recorded and closely examined. Data were analysed using Framework analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four themes emerged from the study: 1) Limited resources; 2) Inter-professional concerns; 3) Cultural heritage; and 4) Power.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Limited resources affect women, MCPs and interpreting services. A lack of cultural awareness and power differentials create pressure for everyone within the process.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LEP increases complexity around informed consent. Challenges are multifaceted compounded by lack of time and resources alongside power differentials. Trust, respect and continuity are key facilitators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiles of public attitude change regarding stuttering","authors":"Kenneth O. St. Louis ,&nbsp;Fauzia Abdalla ,&nbsp;Salman Abdi ,&nbsp;Elizabeth (Fisher) Aliveto ,&nbsp;Ann Beste-Guldborg ,&nbsp;Agata Błachnio ,&nbsp;Benjamin Bolton-Grant ,&nbsp;Sarah Eisert ,&nbsp;Timothy Flynn ,&nbsp;Sheryl Gottwald ,&nbsp;Jessica Hartley ,&nbsp;Daniel Hudock ,&nbsp;Kia N. Johnson ,&nbsp;Lejla Junuzović-Žunić ,&nbsp;Aneta Przepiórka ,&nbsp;M. Pushpavathi ,&nbsp;Isabella Reichel ,&nbsp;Hossein Rezai ,&nbsp;Chelsea (Kuhn) Roche ,&nbsp;Sara Spears ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Węsierska","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>A growing number of studies have sought to reduce negative public attitudes toward stuttering in pre-test/post-test designs using the <em>Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering</em> (<em>POSHA–S</em>). Most investigations have succeeded in improving attitudes, but about one-third of them have not. A previous companion study showed that intervention—but not demographic—characteristics of samples partly predicted success.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Authors investigated individual profiles and predictors of change in nonstuttering individuals’ attitudes from pre-test to post-test after exposure to interventions or no intervention. Using pre- versus post-<em>POSHA–S</em> mean ratings from different samples (representing 7 countries and 6 languages) 29 samples comprising 934 respondents were categorized into four categories of intervention success from “unsuccessful” to “very successful.” These were compared to 12 pre and post non-intervention samples containing 345 respondents from a second companion study. Within categories, the individual respondents were sorted according to positive, minimal, or negative changes from pre- to post-tests on the <em>POSHA–S</em> Overall Stuttering Score (OSS). The non-intervention category served as a baseline for determining the effects of interventions on respondents who improved, worsened, or remained the same.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As in the previous non-intervention category, within all intervention categories, an unexpected and heretofore undocumented “crossover” effect emerged. Respondents with the least positive pre attitudes improved greatly, and respondents with the most positive attitudes worsened greatly. Those with intermediate attitudes changed minimally. The percentage of respondents changing positively differentiated levels of success in the intervention categories, while the magnitude of mean change did not. Potential predictors in positive and negative changers were not apparent from <em>POSHA–S</em> demographic and attitude variables.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>Future interventions to improve stuttering attitudes should address their relatively unstable nature and be targeted differentially to positive, minimal, and negative changers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A standardised practice of language and understanding: When deaf parents and their babies meet paediatric nurses in Norwegian health centres for routine postnatal consultations","authors":"Marita Løkken","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deaf patients mostly experience unequal and inaccessible health services and bad health encounters with health professionals, both with and without interpreters present. This study provides insight into the perspectives on languages and modalities that emerge when (hearing) health professionals meet deaf parents with their babies in health centres, even with a sign language interpreter present. The study uncovers that deaf signing parents encounter a frame of “normate” that influences how their lived experiences and their signed language are perceived by the health professional. The empirical material comprises four video recordings from consultations, each involving a sign language interpreter, supported by recordings of interviews with deaf women after their routine postnatal consultations. Thematic analysis was applied to scrutinise the empirical material from actual consultations and interviews, this was followed by further analysis and discussion with perspectives from crip theory and crip linguistic lenses. The most significant finding is that spoken language has hegemony; in contrast, signed languages and deaf experiences are poorly supported, or not at all. The health professionals lack knowledge about how to meet, support and encourage deaf parents, their babies, and their preferred language. The lack of knowledge leads to sign language, and being deaf in the family not being understood, overlooked, neglected and poorly supported. Implications for practice may be that health education programmes need to implement an expanded understanding of language.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguistic markers of story recall can help differentiate mild cognitive impairment from normal aging","authors":"Angela K. Boland ,&nbsp;Adelaide Jensen ,&nbsp;Patrick S.R. Davidson ,&nbsp;Vanessa Taler","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) involves a decline in episodic memory and, in many cases, language. Taler et al. (2021) developed a set of story recall materials that we expected to be sensitive to changes in language in normal aging and MCI. Here, we examined the lexical (word-level) contents of participants’ story recall responses from Taler et al. (2021). First, we compared the lexical features of story recall responses between young adults (YA; <em>n</em> = 22), healthy older adults (OA; <em>n</em> = 38), and people with MCI (<em>n</em> = 17) using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) program. Second, we explored the associations between these linguistic variables and story recall in each group. People with MCI produced fewer words overall, as well as higher proportions of verbs and pronouns on immediate recall compared to both YAs and OAs. OAs also produced higher proportions of auxiliary verbs than YAs. Story recall scores were positively correlated with total word count in YA and MCI groups. In YAs only, adjectives were positively correlated with recall. In OAs, recall scores were negatively correlated with proportion of verbs. Our results suggest that the LIWC program paired with our novel story recall task may help identify linguistic markers of normal aging and MCI. Some aspects of language use during story recall may also be related to episodic memory in cognitively healthy individuals and people with MCI. Our findings may have implications for the optimization of MCI screening tools to detect changes in language.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A linguistic analysis of female and male opening posts on an online forum dedicated to pain","authors":"Luke C. Collins,&nbsp;Elena Semino","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has highlighted differences in the way that men and women talk about pain and in the extent to which word choices correspond with language-based diagnostic tools for pain, specifically, the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). In this study, we apply procedures from Corpus Linguistics, in which computer software assists in identifying statistically significant patterns in language use, to explore 8697 Opening posts to an online forum dedicated to pain. We determine the extent to which descriptions of pain in the forum include terms that appear in the MPQ and we consider female contributions and male contributions to investigate how reports of pain and its effects relate to gender. Our findings show that there is a large set of vocabulary that is used by both female and male contributors in relation to various aspects of pain experiences. In addition, female contributors to the forum use a wider variety of terms in reference to the quality, intensity, duration and regularity of pain, including a larger number of terms that appear in the MPQ. In sum, female contributors use a wider range of terms in relation to pain and differences in the contexts in which female and male contributors discuss the impacts of pain correspond with gender tropes. Understanding the impacts of pain on individuals’ social lives and recognising how this and the articulation of pain experiences is informed by gender conventions can help health professionals to respond effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narratives of Anxiety and Depression on YouTube: A Corpus-Based Thematic Analysis","authors":"Xinxin Huang ,&nbsp;Yee Chin Gan ,&nbsp;Ayeshah Syed","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anxiety and depression (A&amp;D) are among the most common mental health disorders faced globally and are often linked. Despite their high prevalence and association with suicidal thoughts and actions, many individuals affected by A&amp;D refrain from seeking mental health support due to feelings of fear and shame. Online narrative communication, thus, emerges as a valuable avenue for addressing this gap, offering firsthand accounts and insights from individuals with lived experiences of A&amp;D. Such public sharing also serves as a source of information and support for individuals experiencing A&amp;D. This study set out to provide a comprehensive description of content in personal A&amp;D stories posted on YouTube channels, to fulfil two objectives: to identify recurring lexical patterns and collocations in A&amp;D stories, and to explore predominant thematic elements within the storytelling medium. We applied corpus-based thematic analysis, incorporating statistical analysis of linguistic patterns via AntConc and qualitative thematic analysis of 23 narrative YouTube videos identified using search terms ‘anxiety story’ and ‘depression story’. A top frequency wordlist was compiled, and the concordance lines of these words were examined to uncover key thematic elements of authentic A&amp;D narratives to yield a better understanding of these stories. Five main thematic groups were identified across the A&amp;D videos, where users’ reported A&amp;D experiences included pivotal moments during the illness, enduring emotional strain, proactive help-seeking, support from loved ones, and uplifting messages to the audience. The findings shed light on the salient linguistic patterns and common themes in authentic A&amp;D narrative videos shared online. These insights can be valuable for developing a deeper understanding of A&amp;D narrative construction, shedding light on the experiences during illness and potential audience interpretations on YouTube.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work community support in professional language learning among culturally and linguistically diverse nurses: Implementation of action research in a hospital setting","authors":"Johanna Komppa ,&nbsp;Katriina Eronen ,&nbsp;Eveliina Korpela","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective interprofessional and patient communication remain crucial to nursing, with local languages challenging the international recruitment of healthcare personnel and preventing those recruited from working as educated professionals. This study aimed to improve the local-language skills of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) nurses beyond the classroom and through interactions in the workplace. We describe a pilot study in which the workplace community supported language learning (i.e., Finnish) and organised language workshops in a university hospital. Modelled on the Swedish <em>Språkombud</em> Language Advocat concept, language workshops took place regularly in the workplace and targeted CALD nurses who speak Finnish as a second language (L2). Employing action research, we focus here on the action component—namely, the language workshop—and its impact on language learning. Data consist of audiovisual recordings of and materials produced during the language workshops by participants. We analysed data using thematic analysis, focusing on participant-highlighted learning needs and participants’ evaluations of workshop participation impact. Participants described becoming more fluent in Finnish in professional situations based on workshop participation. Specifically, they received tools to structure their communication during challenging professional situations and improved their ability to act culturally appropriately in such situations. Hospital management can enhance language learning and the wellbeing of internationally recruited nurses by offering supporting structures, such as language workshops, during the orientation process. Communication practices and local language learning can be effectively learnt by doing patient work in the unit and reflecting upon it with colleagues and peers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What drives task performance in fluency tasks in people who had COVID-19?","authors":"Adrià Rofes ,&nbsp;Marta Almeria ,&nbsp;Barbara Sampedro ,&nbsp;Roel Jonkers ,&nbsp;Joan Deus ,&nbsp;Jerzy Krupinski","doi":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.laheal.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Some people who had COVID-19 have been shown to perform below a normative sample on fluency tasks. Unveiling the factors driving performance in this population can explain their underlying impairments. In this article we assess (1) whether people who had COVID-19 are impaired in animal or letter fluency relative to a normative sample; and (2) whether performance (total correct word count) can be explained by demographic factors, common COVID-19 symptoms, number of switches, mean cluster size, and word properties of fluency tasks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty-four Spanish-speaking people who had COVID-19 responded to an animal and a letter fluency task, 10–35 days after hospital discharge or self-quarantining. We obtained demographic, common symptom/factors, and calculated number of switches, mean cluster size and eight word properties for each correct word. A comparison of correct words with a normative sample was used to address Aim 1, and Random forests/Conditional inference trees for Aim 2. The last method is not affected by multicollinearity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>People who had COVID-19 were not impaired in fluency tasks compared to normative data collected before the pandemic. Number of switches predicted total number of correct words in both fluency tasks. In addition, frequency, age of acquisition, and familiarity predicted animal fluency scores; and concreteness predicted letter fluency scores. No other measure showed as important.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Number of switches and word properties predicted the performance in fluency tasks of people who had COVID-19. Concreteness was not expected to predict letter fluency and may indicate a specific linguistic pattern in people who had COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100865,"journal":{"name":"Language and Health","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}