Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia最新文献

{"title":"Sevoflurane anaesthesia in clinical equine cases: maintenance and recovery","authors":"N.S. Matthews,&nbsp;S.M. Hartsfield,&nbsp;G.L. Carroll,&nbsp;E.A. Martinez","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00177.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00177.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new inhalant anaesthetic, sevoflurane, was used to maintain anaesthesia in 40 animals (2 mules and 38 horses of 9 breeds) presented for various surgical procedures. Eighteen mares, 11 stallions and 11 geldings underwent 6 orthopaedic and 34 soft tissue operations. Induction of anaesthesia was achieved with combinations of xylazine (0.5–1.1 mg/kg), diazepam (0.03–0.1 mg/kg), butorphanol (0.02 mg/kg), guaifenesin (50–84 mg/kg) and ketamine (1.1 mg/kg). Following tracheal intubation, a surgical plane of anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen delivered from a precision vaporiser. Temperature, ECG, arterial blood pressure and expired gas composition were monitored. Mechanical ventilation was used in most animals (n=37) because of hypoventilation (P_aCO₂ &gt; 7.31 kPa [55 mmHg]). Following surgery, horses were moved to a recovery room and allowed to recover alone (n=36) or with assistance (n=4). Time to sternal recumbency, standing, the time when satisfactory coordination was present (after standing) and the number of attempts to stand were recorded. The quality of recovery was scored on a 1 (best) to 6 (worst) scale. Mean blood pressures at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min of anaesthesia were 72, 73, 74, 75 and 72 mmHg, respectively. Systolic and diastolic pressures at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min of anaesthesia were 97, 97, 94, 96, 93 and 59, 63, 64, 68, 67 mmHg, respectively. Dobutamine was used in 23 horses to maintain mean arterial blood pressure &gt; 60 mmHg. Mean heart and respiratory rates at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min of anaesthesia were 36, 38, 39, 38 and 38 beats/min, and 9, 8, 8, 8 and 8 breaths/min. Mean duration of anaesthesia was 121 rnin (sd: 56 min), mean time to sternal recumbency was 27 min (sd: 13 min), average time to standing (all horses) was 33 min (sd: 12 min) and time to satisfactory coordination was 44 min (sd: 13 min). Most horses (n=37) received xylazine during recovery (mean dose 0.18 mg/kg iv). The median number of attempts to sternal recumbency and standing were 1.0 (range; 1–7) and 2.0 (range; 1–20), respectively, while the median recovery score was 1.5 (range; 14). The ‘depth’ of anaesthesia was easy to control and recoveries were generally very satisfactory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 13-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00177.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72241863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of guaiphenesin on romifidine/ketamine anaesthesia in ponies","authors":"K.P. Walsh,&nbsp;J.C. Brearley,&nbsp;K. Lakhani,&nbsp;A.L. Raisis,&nbsp;L.E. Young","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00180.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00180.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single dose (50 mg/kg) of guaiphenesin on recumbency time, surgical conditions and the ‘quality’ of anaesthesia in ponies anaesthetised for castration. Sixteen ponies were sedated with romifidine 100 μg/kg and anaesthetised with ketamine (2.2 mg/kg). Ponies allocated to Group A received no treatment and those in Group B were given 50 mg/kg of a 15% guaiphenesin solution. Guaiphenesin was given as a rapid iv injection immediately after induction of anaesthesia. All ponies were subsequently castrated. The mean (± se) time of recumbency in Group A was 20.9 ± 1.37 min and in Group B 27.2 ± 2.1 min to (P&lt;0.05). Subjective assessment scores for the quality of surgical conditions and anaesthesia itself were significantly greater (indicating better conditions) in ponies receiving guaiphenesin, although there was no difference between groups in the quality of recovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 23-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00180.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72241864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emeritus Professor J.E. Utting","authors":"Ron Jones","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00181.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00181.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"90 1","pages":"26-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75967819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of plasma expansion on the pituitary‐adrenocortical response to halothane anaesthesia in sheep","authors":"P. Taylor","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00183.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00183.X","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The study aimed to investigate the stimulus to adrenocortical activity that is induced by halothane anaesthesia. Groups of 7 sheep were anaesthetised with thiopentone and halothane (TH) or acepromazine, thiopentone and halothane (ATH). During 120 min of anaesthesia hypotension was prevented (mean arterial blood pressure kept at pre-anaesthetic level) by infusion of a modified gelatine plasma replacer given to effect (0.34–1.1 litres with TH and 1.1–3.1 litres with ATH). Pulse rate, arterial blood pressure and gases were measured and sequential samples withdrawn for analysis of plasma cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), arginine vasopressin (AVP), glucose and lactate. Heart rate increased in the ATH but not the TH group. All sheep were well oxygenated but developed hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis. In both groups, cortisol increased more than 2-fold 20 min after the end of anaesthesia but there were no significant changes in ACTH. AVP was measured in the TH group only and increased 3-fold at the end of anaesthesia. Glucose and lactate remained stable except for lactate in the TH group which decreased during anaesthesia. These data indicate that hypotension is a major component of the stimulus inducing adrenocortical activity during halothane anaesthesia. However, maintenance of normotension did not entirely depress the response; halothane itself or decreased perfusion may also contribute.","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"2012 1","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86378738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists: Educational Trust","authors":"Jean Stonebridge (Honorary Secretary)","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00186.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00186.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"Page 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00186.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72241868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bispectral index as an indicator of anaesthetic depth during isoflurane anaesthesia in the pig","authors":"H. A. Haga, A. Tevik, H. Moerch","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00175.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00175.X","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between the ‘depth’ of anaesthesia - as determined by clinical signs - and the bispectral index (BIS). Electroencephalograms (EEG)s were recorded in 8 female and 8 castrated male, healthy Norwegian landrace pigs undergoing isoflurane anaesthesia, from which the bispectral index (BIS) was calculated. Isoflurane was delivered in pure oxygen at end-tidal concentrations of 1.6, 1.9, 2.2 and 2.5%, in randomised order, for 30 min after which the EEG was recorded over a 5 min period. Anaesthetic depth was evaluated on a visual analogue scale (VAS) by an experienced anaesthetist. The 95% confidence interval for the mean correlation coefficient between BIS and VAS was calculated to be -0.52–0.30. Confidence intervals (95%) for the mean change in the BIS obtained during the conscious state and that obtained during anaesthesia at different isoflurane concentrations was also calculated. There was a significant decrease in the BIS recorded during consciousness and after 1.6% isoflurane anaesthesia, and between readings after inhalation of 2.2% and 2.5% isoflurane. This indicates that BIS does not accurately reflect ‘depth’ at surgical levels of isoflurane anaesthesia in the pig, and is of no use for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"1 1","pages":"3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88875044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiopulmonary effects of a two hour medetomidine infusion and its antagonism by atipamezole in horses and ponies","authors":"R. Bettschart‐Wolfensberger, R. Bettschart, O. Vainio, D. Marlin, K. Clarke","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00176.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1999.TB00176.X","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The cardiopulmonary effects of an intravenous (iv) medetomidine injection (5 μg/kg) followed 5 min later by its infusion at 3.5 μg/kg/h for 115 rnin were studied in 9 horses and ponies. Five minutes after the end of infusion 60 μg/kg atipamezole were given. Physiological data during infusion were compared with pre-sedation values. Stroke volume was reduced significantly 5 min after initial medetomidine injection. Cardiac index was reduced significantly and systemic vascular resistance increased significantly for the first 20 min, but returned towards pre-sedation values after this time. Arterial blood pressures were reduced significantly from 30 min until the end of the procedure (minimum MAP was 102.4 ± 9.61 mmHg). Mixed venous oxygen tension was reduced significantly during the infusion. Respiratory rate fell and PaCO2- rose significantly from 40 min onward. Other variables showed no significant changes. The horses recovered rapidly after atipamezole was injected. Arterial blood pressures remained significantly lowered, but other cardiovascular variables returned towards pre-sedation values. It is concluded that the infusion of medetomidine at 3.5 μg/kg/h causes minimum cardiopulmonary depression once the effects of an initial 5 μg/kg injection have waned, and so could prove suitable as part of an anaesthetic technique in equidae.","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"196 1","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86674610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts - Editorial Note","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00188.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00188.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"Page 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00188.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72241867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of plasma expansion on the pituitary-adrenocortical response to halothane anaesthesia in sheep","authors":"P.M. Taylor","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00183.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00183.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study aimed to investigate the stimulus to adrenocortical activity that is induced by halothane anaesthesia. Groups of 7 sheep were anaesthetised with thiopentone and halothane (TH) or acepromazine, thiopentone and halothane (ATH). During 120 min of anaesthesia hypotension was prevented (mean arterial blood pressure kept at pre-anaesthetic level) by infusion of a modified gelatine plasma replacer given to effect (0.34–1.1 litres with TH and 1.1–3.1 litres with ATH). Pulse rate, arterial blood pressure and gases were measured and sequential samples withdrawn for analysis of plasma cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), arginine vasopressin (AVP), glucose and lactate. Heart rate increased in the ATH but not the TH group. All sheep were well oxygenated but developed hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis. In both groups, cortisol increased more than 2-fold 20 min after the end of anaesthesia but there were no significant changes in ACTH. AVP was measured in the TH group only and increased 3-fold at the end of anaesthesia. Glucose and lactate remained stable except for lactate in the TH group which decreased during anaesthesia. These data indicate that hypotension is a major component of the stimulus inducing adrenocortical activity during halothane anaesthesia. However, maintenance of normotension did not entirely depress the response; halothane itself or decreased perfusion may also contribute.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00183.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72241870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABSTRACTS OF SCIENTIFIC PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE SPRING MEETING OF THE ASSOCIATION OF VETERINARY ANAESTHETISTS, NEWCASTLE - 28TH TO 30TH MARCH 1999","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00185.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00185.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1999.tb00185.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72241871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}