Journal of Natural Pesticide Research最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of essential oils from three Mentha species against postharvest groundnut pest, Caryedon serratus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)","authors":"Hemlata Tewari ,&nbsp;Virendra Kumar Kasana ,&nbsp;Karanam.N. Jyothi ,&nbsp;Geeta Tewari","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides has resulted in many negative implications including degradation of the ecosystem, contamination of food products and effect on non-target organisms. Biopesticides is an efficient and ecofriendly alternative to these synthetic pesticides. Herein, we explored the efficacy of plant-extracted essential oils as a natural alternative to manage groundnut pests. Essential oils extracted from three Mentha species (<em>M. arvensis, M. piperita and M. spicata</em>) were detected for their chemical composition, oviposition deterrence, repellency and electrophysiological responses in groundnut bruchid, <em>Caryedon serratus</em> (Olivier). Gas chromatographic analysis revealed menthol (<em>M. arvensis</em>: 30.43%, <em>M. piperita</em>: 30.18%) and carvone (<em>M. spicata</em>: 65.58%) as the most abundant component in essential oils. Among all the four tested concentrations for the three mentha oils the most significant oviposition deterrence was seen in <em>M. spicata</em> (2% v/w) which completely inhibited oviposition followed by 1.5% <em>M. piperita</em> (21 ± 1.53; p &lt; 0.01), 1.5% <em>M. spicata</em> (28 ± 0.58; p &lt; 0.01) and 1.0% <em>M. arvensis</em> (35 ± 0.58; p &lt; 0.01) oil treated groundnuts after 24 h. <em>M. piperita</em> (86%, ♀) and <em>M. arvensis</em> (70%, ♀) showed promising repellence against the females. In contrast, <em>M. spicata</em> was found to be a potent (90%, ♂) male repellent during olfactometer bioassays. Coupled gas chromatography electroantennogram (GC-EAG) revealed consistent sensory deflections in the antennae of female <em>C. serratus</em> from all the three oils. Our findings revealed promising oviposition deterrence and repellent properties of these mentha oils which offers a prospect in developing effective repellent and its application in integrated pest management, safety of human health, environment and agricultural productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773078623000444/pdfft?md5=a9ff7f716a81c4c4a02e8702f8d61a45&pid=1-s2.0-S2773078623000444-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139017239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory potential of Eugenia sulcata essential oil and its nanoemulsions against Aspergillus spp.","authors":"Dianna S. da Silva ,&nbsp;Leonardo A. Pinto ,&nbsp;Luiz Antônio M. Keller ,&nbsp;Francisco P. Machado ,&nbsp;Débora N. Eiriz ,&nbsp;Leandro Rocha ,&nbsp;Caio P. Fernandes","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural products are in the spotlight of novelty for obtaining ecofriendly agents against pests. In this context, searching for new antifungal alternatives for control of grain microorganism is recommended. In this paper we show a brief description of nanoemulsification as a valuable tool for modification of essential oil properties. Low energy method was used for the preparation of <em>Eugenia sulcata</em> nanoemulsion. This approach was also used for the preparation of this type of colloid with β-caryophyllene, the main component of this essential oil. Especially regarding <em>Aspegillus parasiticus</em>, it was possible to observe increment of bioactivity by nanoemulsification of <em>E. sulcata.</em> This short communication contributes to better knowledge of mechanism in the rationalization of antifungal nanoemulsions based in essential oil and its main constituents, providing relevant insights that can be used for other complex volatile mixtures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773078623000456/pdfft?md5=c535e247c585198ef00476757469e9a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2773078623000456-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139108112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, characterization and docking analysis of insecticidal compound from Ocimum canum methanolic leaf extracts and its potential against three mosquito vectors","authors":"Jimmantiyur Madhappan Murugan ,&nbsp;Govindaraju Ramkumar ,&nbsp;Beda Mwang’onde ,&nbsp;Adelina Thomas ,&nbsp;Matobola J. Mihale ,&nbsp;Ranganathan Muthusamy ,&nbsp;Muthugoundar Subramanian Shivakumar ,&nbsp;Eliningaya J. Kweka","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vector management is an important challenge and burden to developing countries. Frequent and indiscriminate application of chemical insecticides for vector control has resulted in the development of resistance and undesirable effects on beneficial organisms. Hence an alternative approach is needed for the mosquito control programme. The present study investigated the insecticidal activity and spectral analysis of <em>Ocimum canum</em> methanol leaf extract against three mosquito species<em>.</em> One out of four fractions (F1-F4), the 4th fraction, revealed showed good insecticidal activity in larva and adult <em>Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti</em> and <em>An. stephensi</em> (0.114, 0.325 and 0.173 ppm) and (1.798, 1.061 and 0.871 ppm). The mortality was found to be dosage dependant. Spectral analysis of ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR indicates the presence of 6 protons at δH value of 7.45 (s) and 3 protons at δH value of 7.85 (s) ppm. FT-IR identified the possible band near the capping region at 3417.16 cm^-1. LC-MS confirmed the eugenol compound with 99.79% purity at the molecular weight of 164. Further, eugenol docking analysis revealed high homology similarity with insect odorant binding protein 3OGN and AchE protein 2BG9. Overall, the result suggests that isolated eugenol compounds were found to be effective for the eco-friendly management of mosquito vectors. These findings could be useful for designing an efficient mosquitocidal compound in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773078623000432/pdfft?md5=010a7f597d998b77742cedf686fd2a7e&pid=1-s2.0-S2773078623000432-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138484668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary investigation of China Ginger and Kuching Local Ginger species: Oil extracts and synthesis towards potential greener insect repellent","authors":"Fong Fei Wong ,&nbsp;Mohammad Omar Abdullah ,&nbsp;Yik Rong Hii ,&nbsp;Sze Ying Chang ,&nbsp;Noraziah Abdul Wahab ,&nbsp;Hafizah Abdul Halim Yun ,&nbsp;Mohd Zaidi Jaafar ,&nbsp;Augustine Agi","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ginger essential oil (<em>Zingiber officinale</em>) is the volatile oil extracted from ginger rhizome. Compared to chemical synthetic repellent, green insect (in particular mosquito) repellent would be favoured by the public as it is environmentally friendly and does not cause harm to the human’s health. The focus of this study is on the comparison study between <em>China Ginger</em> and <em>Kuching Local Ginger</em> essential oil aim towards utilization as the greener mosquito repellent. In this study, the ginger essential oils are extracted greener method i.e. via hydro distillation process for 7 h. The percentage oil yield for China and <em>Kuching Local Ginger</em> are 0.158 wt% and 0.264 wt%, respectively. The extracted ginger essential oils are further subject to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography- Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Based on the FTIR spectrum graph generated, both types of ginger essential oils essentially having the similar function groups including phenolic compounds, alcohol primer, alkena methyl group, aromatic compound, carbonyl compound, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl group. From the GC-MS results it revealed that the most abundant chemical constituents presented in both <em>China Gniger</em> and <em>Kuching Local Ginger</em> essential are: α-Zingiberene (7.88% and 7.03%), α-Curcumene (6.04% and 6.49%), α-Citral or Genarial (3.81% and 7.86%), β-Bisabolene (3.06% and 4.62%), β-Sesquiphellandrene (5.83% and 5.95%), β-Sesquisabinene (0.07% and 0.51%), β-Selinenol (3.97% and 2.26%), Zingiberenol (5.16% and 1.64%), [6]-Shogaol (0.33% and 0.23%), trans-Sesquisabinene hydrate (1.72% and 2.87%), trans-Geranylgeraniol (3.51% and 2.81%), Camphene (1.17% and 0.56%), Eucalyptol (2.68% and 1.81%), Citronellol (1.76% and 1.55%), Neral (2.82% and 6.03%), and Geraniol (1.62% and 2.29%) respectively. <em>Kuching Local Ginger</em> essential oil is found marginally superior insect repellent characteristics due to its higher monoterpene compounds in the essential oil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773078623000420/pdfft?md5=a50b09ee585da05d16c22941f43cc990&pid=1-s2.0-S2773078623000420-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92043635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maize-legume intercropping and botanical Piper mitigating effect on pest populations while enhancing the yield of maize","authors":"David Tavi Agbor ,&nbsp;Kizito Sone Eboh ,&nbsp;Desmond Kwayela Sama ,&nbsp;Lony Mbah Teche ,&nbsp;Gregory Tambe Tanyi ,&nbsp;Raymond Ndip Nkongho","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change poses a wave of pests, devastating crops and jeopardizing the quest to feed more than 8 billion people globally. This can be seen in fall armyworm and snails being a nightmare to maize productivity. Thus this study was set up to increase maize productivity by reducing maize pests (FAW and snails) in maize-legume intercropping with locally produced organic (botanical) insecticide and utilizing legume nitrogen-fixing ability for maize growth and production. This work was done at the University of Buea and had nine treatments, and each was replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. The main crop maize, was intercropped with beans and cowpea. Data on fall armyworm incidence and severity, snail incidence and severity, height of plant, leaf number, girth of stem, leaf area index, and maize grain dry weight were collected. Data was subjected to ANOVA, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, using SPSSv26 and graphs drawn with excel. More damaged plants for FAW and snails occurred in control, 14, and 11 plants, respectively, and were significantly different (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05<em>)</em> among treatments. The most pests were recorded in control 4 FAW and 3 snails per plant which varied statistically (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05<em>)</em>. Maize growth parameters (height of plant, leaf number, girth of stem, leaf area index) differed significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) across treatments, with control recording the least (206 cm, 13, 7.4 cm and 641 cm² respectively). The best results were obtained with an intercrop of maize and cowpea along with synthetic or <em>Piper</em> pesticide. (236.4 cm, 16, 10.6 cm and 730.6 cm² respectively) with no statistical difference. The highest maize yield was recorded in maize+cowpea intercrop coupled with <em>Piper</em> or synthetic insecticide (6.13 and 5.93 t/ha, respectively), with significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) difference. Plant damage was connected adversely with yield (r = −0.90 for FAW, r = −0.94 for snail) and favourably with the number of pests (r = 0.70 for FAW, r = 0.86 for snail).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Intercropping and <em>Piper</em> emulsion effectively managed maize pests, while boosting maize output. As a result, farmers can utilize this maize-dwarf bean and maize-cowpea intercrop, as well as the organic <em>Piper</em> emulsion approach, as a sustainable crop protection and fertilizer management strategy to increase production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773078623000419/pdfft?md5=8c7afc6b6d168af5d0512e72e4470c7b&pid=1-s2.0-S2773078623000419-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92043636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics of Brassicaceae glucosinolates sinigrin, sinalbin, and glucolimnanthin hydrolysis by myrosinase isoenzymes for biopesticide development","authors":"John Randall ,&nbsp;Inna Popova","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biopesticides from <em>Brassicaceae</em> plants can reduce the impact of synthetic pesticides by providing an environmentally sustainable yet economically sound pest control option. Meals of <em>Brassicaceae</em> oilseed crops are by-products of oil extraction, that are both affordable and easily accessible. Pesticidal activity of <em>Brassicaceae</em> oilseed meals is attributed to glucosinolates that upon hydrolysis by myrosinase produce pesticidal isothiocyanates. Here we present kinetics analysis of extracts from <em>Sinapis alba</em> and <em>Brassica juncea</em> containing active myrosinase isoenzymes toward the endogenous and exogenous glucosinolates with the goal of improving the biopesticide formulation. Based on Michaelis–Menten kinetics, <em>S. alba</em> myrosinase had 10–20 times higher activity toward endogenous sinalbin and exogeneous sinigrin and glucolimnanthin glucosinolates. <em>B. juncea</em> myrosinase exhibited Michaelis–Menten kinetics with endogenous sinigrin and exogeneous glucolimnanthin but not with exogeneous sinalbin. These findings indicate the preferential activity of isoenzymes toward glucosinolates and possibility of using an exogenous myrosinase for improving the release rate of pesticidal isothiocyanates in <em>Brassicaceae</em> biopesticides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773078623000407/pdfft?md5=b42232cd2cd62c74d86562d1fcf98426&pid=1-s2.0-S2773078623000407-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92043634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring repellence and mortality effects of clove and cinnamon essential oils impregnated nets against Anopheles gambiae senso stricto using tunnel test","authors":"Agatha G. Sanga ,&nbsp;Humphrey D. Mazigo ,&nbsp;Alphaxard Manjurano ,&nbsp;Domenica Morona ,&nbsp;Adelina Thomas ,&nbsp;Eliningaya J. Kweka","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The control of malaria vectors in Tanzania focuses on the use of synthetic insecticides, which are either impregnated into mosquito nets or used in residual insecticide sprays (IRS). However, one of the major limitations of using insecticides is the development of resistance among the malaria vectors. Thus, there is a need to assess the usefulness of the available natural products such as clove and cinnamon essential oils and determine their repellence and mortality effects against the major malaria vectors. In that context, the current study assessed the chemical composition of clove and cinnamon and the effect of cinnamon and clove essential oils treated nets in causing mortality in the <em>Anopheles gambiae</em> population.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A tunnel chamber was used to evaluate the blood-feeding inhibition (repellence) and mortality due to the essential oils impregnated polystyrene nets against Yorkool, a standard Long Lasting Insecticides Nets (LLINs). The unfed 2250 females of <em>An. gambiae</em> s.s. aged 3 days old were used. Each replicate of the Tunnel Chamber experiment used 50 mosquitoes for each concentration(45,55,65 ml/m²) replicated thrice.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The chemical composition of clove and cinnamon essential oils showed one common chemical, Eugenol (4-alil-2-metoxyphenol), at the highest composition. The findings of the evaluated essential oils showed high mortality and repellence activities against adults of <em>An. gambiae s.s.</em> though they had different active chemical ingredients. The mortality effect was 54%, 70.7% and 77.3% for clove, while for cinnamon it was 89.3%, 88.7% and 89.2% for concentrations of 45 ml/m², 55 ml/m² and 65 ml/m² respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings of this study have shown that clove and cinnamon essential oils exhibit repellence and toxicity effects against <em>An. gambiae</em> and may be considered as a potential tool for controlling mosquito-human contact.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49752555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential oil of Piper macedoi Yunck. leaves, potential alternative for the management of banana anthracnose disease","authors":"Ringo Souza Batista ,&nbsp;Hélcio Costa ,&nbsp;Luciana Alves Parreira ,&nbsp;Carolina de Oliveira Bernardes ,&nbsp;Karla Maria Pedra de Abreu ,&nbsp;Luciano Menini","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fungus <em>Colletotrichum musae</em> could cause a disease called anthracnose which reduces the quality of the banana fruit in the postharvest period. Anthracnose causes rots, peel lesions and generate great economic losses. Synthetic fungicides, used as an attempt to reduce the pathogen population, although effective, when used in amounts and frequency above the recommended, cause damage the environment and human health and can induce resistance. Research has focused in the search for alternative methods to reduce the use of synthetic substances in managing of agricultural diseases. The control of pathogens using compounds of natural origin is highlighted among new management techniques. Thus, we aimed to extract and characterize the essential oil from <em>Piper macedoi</em> leaves and evaluate its effect in the inhibiting the mycelial growth of the fungus <em>C. musae</em> in vitro. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, analyzed and characterized by Gas Chromatography and submitted to assays of fungicidal activity with <em>C. musae</em>. In comparison with dry plant material, yield of <em>P. macedoi</em> essential oil was 0.93 %. Piperitone (26.48 %), silvestrene (13.03 %), and bicyclogermacrene (10.45 %), were the major compounds identified in the essential oil composition considering the percentage in area. Regarding the antifungal activity tests, the essential oil showed a low inhibitory concentration (IC) for the IC50 (0.804 mL.L⁻¹) and IC90 (1.80 mL.L⁻¹), showing that the essential oil from <em>P. macedoi</em> leaves has great potential to control <em>C. musae</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49727361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A termiticidal and high denaturation-resistant lectin from Moringa oleifera seed cake","authors":"Ana Patrícia Silva de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Thâmarah de Albuquerque Lima ,&nbsp;Nathália Varejão Nogueira da Paz ,&nbsp;Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso Coelho ,&nbsp;Thiago Henrique Napoleão ,&nbsp;Debora Foguel ,&nbsp;Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Moringa oleifera</em> seed cake contains a lectin named WSMoL_C, which was previously described as an insecticidal agent against the yellow fever mosquito <em>Aedes aegypti</em>. In this study, we evaluated the structural stability of WSMoL_C against denaturation by chemical and physical agents, as well as its insecticidal activity against the termite <em>Nasutitermes corniger</em>. Conformational alterations of WSMoL_C, when in the presence of urea or whilst subjected to heating or high pressures were monitored by circular dichroism and fluorometric analysis. Termiticidal activity was evaluated by supplying the insects with a diet of varying concentrations of WSMoL_C. The effects of WSMoL_C on insect digestive enzymes activities were also determined. Treatment with urea at concentrations of 4 M or less led to a conformational rearrangement of WSMoL_C, as hydrophobic surfaces had less exposure to water. However, at urea concentrations more than 4 M the hydrophobic pockets of WSMoL_C experienced greater exposure to water resulting in a 50 % loss of secondary structure. When subjected to heating of up to 65 °C or pressures up to 2.7 kbar, no conformational changes were detected. WSMoL_C was shown to display insecticidal activity for <em>N. corniger</em> workers and soldiers (LC₅₀ of 0.292 and 0.637 mg/mL, respectively). It was shown from gut extracts of these insects that the lectin inhibited exoglucanase and endoglucanase enzymes. In conclusion, WSMoL_C can be explored as an alternative for termite control because of its high structural stability and ability to withstand denaturation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49759847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of plant extract-based vermiwash on plant growth parameters and biocontrol of Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) in Capsicum annum","authors":"T. Chandukishore ,&nbsp;D. Samskrathi ,&nbsp;T.L. Srujana ,&nbsp;B.E. Rangaswamy ,&nbsp;Ashish A. Prabhu","doi":"10.1016/j.napere.2023.100042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.napere.2023.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this present study, an attempt is made to know the effect of plant-based extract of some selected species which acts as a base for vermiwash extraction. Lemongrass <em>(Cymbopogon citrates</em>)<em>, Aloe vera</em> leaves, <em>Nerium oleander</em> leaves, <em>Tridax procumbens</em>, and <em>Chrysanthemum indicum</em> flowers aqueous extract is prepared and made to pass through vermicompost bed. Further collected vermiwash is tested on <em>Capsicum annum</em> (bell pepper) for plant growth parameters and plant resistance to Thrips. Vermiwash treatment VW2 when compared with the control showed a 78.3% increase in the rate of flowering for the 14th week. For the same 14th week VW2 also showed a significant decrease in the leaf damage scale of 1.53 compared to the control of 4.41 which could be possible due to the composite effect of the nutrients present in the vermiwash and also due to aid provided by antimicrobial agents in the VW2. Comparing VW1 and VW2 cow urine has a notable effect on the dissemination of nutrients and aid in the protection of plants. Various parameters such as shoot length, number of leaves, and leaf damage scale showed enhanced results in combination with cow urine and plant extract. Thus this study gives an evidential and possible alternative to chemical pesticides and chemical fertilizers concerning <em>Capsicum annum.</em> Further standardization and testing may be needed to apply the same to various vegetable and fruit crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Pesticide Research","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49752164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}