Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Potential anti-colon cancer agents: Molecular modelling, docking, pharmacokinetics studies and molecular dynamic simulations","authors":"Auwal Salisu Isa ,&nbsp;Adamu Uzairu ,&nbsp;Umar Mele Umar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tukur Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Abdullahi Bello Umar ,&nbsp;Iqrar Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this investigation is to create a trustworthy Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model that generates little to no side effects and is low-cost for treating colon cancer using experimental data obtained from the literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ChemDraw software was used for creating molecular structures, which were then optimized using Spartan 14 software to generate quantum chemical descriptors. Data pre-treatment and data division were performed using specific software packages. Additionally, analysis and validation tasks were carried out using software tools such as Discovery Studio Visualizer, PyRx for docking, SwissADME for pharmacokinetics studies, and Desmond for molecular dynamic (MD) simulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The developed QSAR model demonstrates good predictive quality with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.3313 and high internal validation metrics (R² ​= ​0.9407, adjusted R² ​= ​0.9329). External validation on a test set yields satisfactory results (R² ​= ​0.9012, adjusted R² ​= ​0.8436, CCC ​= ​0.9229). Docking analysis identifies compounds <strong>11</strong><strong>1</strong> and <strong>11</strong><strong>2</strong> as having the lowest binding affinity of −10.4 kJ/mol, characterized by specific molecular properties. Additionally, MD simulation provides insights into the dynamic behavior and interaction types of the protein-ligand complex, contributing to a deeper understanding of their stability and fluctuations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The model validation parameters confirm the reliability and robustness of the model. The pharmacokinetics study validates the drug-likeness of the drug candidate through various parameters. The MD simulation sheds light on the dynamic behavior and interaction types of the protein-ligand complex, enhancing our understanding of their stability and fluctuations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 235-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zebrafish as a rapid model system for early cardiotoxicity assessment of drugs","authors":"Zonghao Lin ,&nbsp;Xinru Wei ,&nbsp;Yuanzheng Wei ,&nbsp;Zongyu Miao ,&nbsp;Huixin Ye ,&nbsp;Meihui Wu ,&nbsp;Xiangying Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Cai ,&nbsp;Chuqin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There are some problems in the evaluation of drug cardiotoxicity in zebrafish, such as unsystematic indicators and weak sensitivity. This study aims to explore the advantages and disadvantages of various evaluation methods in rapid cardiotoxicity assessment, and to identify and establish representative and highly sensitive evaluation indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four typical cardiotoxic drugs (Doxorubicin, 5-Fluorouracil, Ibuprofen and Lidocaine) with different concentrations were selected to act on zebrafish embryos. The death, cardiac malformation, heart rate, blood flow and sinus venosus-bulbus arteriosus (SV-BA) distance of zebrafish in each group were observed and recorded by stereo microscopy. The behavioral changes of zebrafish after drug treatment were counted and analyzed using a zebrafish behavior recorder. Adult zebrafish were used to screen the cardiotoxic expressed genes, and the spatiotemporal expression stability and concentration-dose dependence of the specifically highly expressed genes were studied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All the 4 drugs can reduce the heart rate and blood flow velocity of zebrafish embryos to varying degrees, increase the SV-BA distance of zebrafish embryos, reduce the activity behavior of zebrafish embryos, and have different degrees of inhibitory effects on the cardiac function of zebrafish. Among the selected 12 genes expressed only in the heart, one and only <em>CMLC1</em> showed high specific expression in the heart of zebrafish. However, doxorubicin did not affect the expression of <em>CMLC1</em> gene in a concentration-dose dependent manner, and the other three drugs could significantly induce the up-regulation of <em>CMLC1</em> gene expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ethology is a faster and more sensitive method than the traditional cardiotoxicity evaluation indicators (heart rate, blood flow velocity, and SV-BA distance). Zebrafish have a small number of highly heart-specific expressed genes and are not suitable for assessing cardiotoxicity based solely on heart-specific expression of circulating mRNA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 223-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis: A prospective therapeutic target for radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal inflammation","authors":"Siyu Han,&nbsp;Jingrui Zheng,&nbsp;Weijian Chen,&nbsp;Ke Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ferroptosis is a unique mode of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, and the process is regulated by a variety of cellular metabolic pathways, including redox homeostasis, iron processing, and lipid metabolism. It has been shown that radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation exhibits the key features of ferroptosis, including iron deposition, glutathione (GSH) depletion, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inactivation and lipid peroxidation. In this paper, we found that ferroptosis plays an important role in radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI inflammation, and that elevating GSH levels, activating GPX4, inhibiting elevated levels of lipid peroxidation, and maintaining iron homeostasis significantly alleviated radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI inflammation. This suggests that ferroptosis may be a new target for the treatment of GI inflammation. In addition, we systematically summarize the potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active ingredients in the treatment of GI inflammation, which may be effective in ameliorating radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI by acting on the key signaling pathways and mediators, such as Nrf2/HO-1, GSH/GPX4, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), iron, and organic peroxides, which in turn inhibit the process of ferroptosis, and thereby effectively ameliorate the radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI inflammation. This finding provides a new potential approach for the treatment of such GI inflammation and demonstrates the potential value of TCM in modern medical treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 160-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000426/pdfft?md5=00b69cca92d1e9f23658ef4bb6602d01&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000426-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holistic integrative medicine declaration","authors":"China Institute for Development Strategy of Holistic Integrative Medicine","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Holistic integrative medicine, abbreviated as HIM, has been officially proposed since 2012. Its theoretical system has been continuously improved, and its practical methods have become increasingly diverse, becoming an inevitable choice and path for the medical development in the new era. This article demonstrates ten major propositions for HIM, elaborating on the connotation and extension of HIM from the perspectives of epistemology and methodology, in order to achieve the transformation and adaptive evolution of modern medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 157-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000414/pdfft?md5=1109b45d022f69d7d7b182d0deecb3b9&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000414-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of purine functionalized biochar and analysis of nephrotoxic substances in traditional Chinese medicine","authors":"Yanhui Ge ,&nbsp;Xinya Xu ,&nbsp;Yuanru Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, a growing lack of comprehension regarding the safety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has led to an escalating incidence of drug-induced organ damage, particularly kidney damage associated with TCM usage. This study focused on the development of purine-functionalized biochar and used to capture nephrotoxic substances in TCMs. The biochar was meticulously characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and elemental analysis. Subsequently, it was employed as a solid-phase extraction medium for capturing suspected nephrotoxic substances in TCMs. Results revealed that the functional biochar exhibited commendable selectivity for compounds with nephrotoxic effects, demonstrating its potential for effectively capturing nephrotoxic substances in TCMs. This research aimed to introduce an innovative method for monitoring potential nephrotoxic substances in large-scale TCMs, thereby contributing to the enhancement of the overall safety profile of traditional Chinese medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000359/pdfft?md5=3012619bfb879360696fcc6a5b50e23e&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000359-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141959620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction a six-gene prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma based on WGCNA co-expression network","authors":"Tian Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Chun Fan ,&nbsp;Lin-Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Min-Yu Nong ,&nbsp;Guang-Fei Zheng ,&nbsp;Wan-Shuo Wei ,&nbsp;Li-He Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Currently, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma remains high, and the prognosis of patients is poor. Prognostic biomarkers are still worth exploring.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Subsequently, a modular analysis of these DEGs was performed using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A prognostic model for liver cancer patients was constructed employing the Cox proportional hazards model. Through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we developed a Cox proportional-hazards model specifically for hepatocellular carcinoma. Subsequently, International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort data were used to validate the accuracy of the Cox proportional-hazards model. Following this, we conducted further analyses of prognostic genes, encompassing functional enrichment analysis and survival analysis. Additionally, we utilized the BBcancer database to investigate whether these prognostic genes have the potential to serve as blood markers. Notably, in this six-gene prognostic model, we also analyzed the genes' drug susceptibility.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Leveraging the candidate genes identified from the WGCNA analysis, we constructed a Cox proportional-hazards model with an AUC value greater than 0.7. This model incorporates <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, <em>KIF11</em>, <em>MSH4</em>, and <em>KCNF1</em>, revealing that patients with low expression levels of these genes had significantly better survival prognosis compared to those with high expression levels (<em>P ​&lt;</em> ​0.05). The enrichment analysis revealed that these prognostic genes are enriched in pathways related to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, we observed a strong association between <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, <em>KIF11</em>, <em>MSH4</em>, and <em>KCNF1</em> with overall survival (OS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, among which <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em> and <em>KIF11</em> genes were significantly differentially expressed in extracellular vesicles. Additionally, this six-gene prognostic model demonstrated sensitivity to drugs such as VX-680, TAE684, Sunitinib, S-Trityl-L-cysteine, Paclitaxel, and CGP-60474.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The Cox risk prognostic model based on <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, <em>KIF11</em>, <em>MSH4</em>, and <em>KCNF1</em> represents a valuable tool for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients and may serve as a target for drug development. In particular, <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, and <em>KIF11</em> have potential as blood biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma, though their precise biological functions require further exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 90-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000347/pdfft?md5=f428ed92dbad9aa3d3447bfefed40d8d&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000347-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the anti-senescence immune paradigm: Kidney yin-yang equilibrium in traditional Chinese medicine","authors":"Kexin Chen ,&nbsp;Jianglian Ling ,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Mingyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Qinqiang Long ,&nbsp;Lizhen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhip.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidney is considered the \"innate foundation\", and the abundance or diminution of its essence directly affects the growth, development, physical form, and physiological functions of the human body. As people reach middle age and old age, the essence in the kidney gradually decreases, and the signs of aging become more apparent. Immune aging is a common phenomenon in life, characterized by quantitative or functional changes in cells and molecules within the immune system. It is one of the main causes of organ aging, leading to increased inflammation, decreased immune regulatory capacity and declining organ function. TCM has a rich clinical practice and pharmacological research supporting its efficacy in delaying aging. This review focuses on Chinese medicine and formulas that tonify kidney <em>yang</em> and kidney <em>yin</em>, with the goal of delaying aging by regulating immune mechanisms. It provides a theoretical basis for understanding the role of TCM in anti-aging and prevention of senescence, as well as guiding the development of new products, theories, and directions in anti-aging research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 77-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000232/pdfft?md5=2d3b9928b119f9aa05973f7961ccb403&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000232-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141313929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclotides prediction in Leptopetalum biflorum based on de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation","authors":"Xi Liu ,&nbsp;Linlin Cai ,&nbsp;Zhiming Zhou ,&nbsp;Peiming Huang ,&nbsp;Zhonglu Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>There is a scarcity of transcriptome sequencing data available for the <em>Leptopetalum biflorum</em>, and numerous cyclotides remain undiscovered. It is urgent to establish a workflow based on <em>de novo</em> transcriptome assembly and make systematic prediction of cyclotides in <em>Leptopetalum biflorum</em>, to provide a reference for functional analysis of cyclotides.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, we performed RNA-seq on roots, leaves, and flowers of <em>Leptopetalum biflorum</em> to obtain two sets of transcriptome data. The quality assessment of the sequencing was conducted using FastQC and MultiQC. <em>De novo</em> transcriptome assembly of <em>Leptopetalum biflorum</em> was carried out using Trinity, with assembly quality evaluated through the Read Support method and BUSCO tool analysis. The eggnog-mapper and Trinotate were used to annotate functional terms in GO and pathways in KEGG. The Transdecoder was utilized to predict ORFs and coding regions while SignalP software was employed to predict amino acid sequences containing signal peptides and signal peptide splicing sites. The mature protein sequences are subsequently used for cyclotide prediction in <em>Leptopetalum biflorum</em> via FindCRP 2.0 (Find Cyclotide Peptide), a cyclotide prediction tool developed by our team.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Trinity assembled a total of 171,310 transcripts and 103,299 isoforms (genes). The average transcript length was 1139.89, while the average gene length was 780.87. Approximately 30% of the genes exhibited homology within other plant species. Among these genes, 23,265 (22.52%) were annotated into 41 GO terms at Level 2. The KEGG pathway annotation revealed that 23,682 genes (22.92%) contained 5171 KO annotations and were involved in 484 pathways. FindCRP predicted 17 potential cyclotides, among which 15 sequences had homologous genes; notably five potential cyclotides showed complete identity (100%) to their respective homologous genes. Additionally, two potential cyclotide sequences without any identified homologous demonstrated circle-forming ability based on the 3D structure prediction results.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this study, we developed a <em>de novo</em> transcriptome assembly workflow for the identification of cyclotides using RNA-seq data from <em>Leptopetalum biflorum</em>. Our custom-built tool, FindCRP, was employed in this workflow to detect potential cyclotides. This meticulously designed workflow ensures the reproducibility and reliability of our study findings. We successfully performed transcript annotation and predicted putative cyclotides. These potential cyclotides show significant homology to known cyclotides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 103-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000323/pdfft?md5=685b54ead1fa41e2dca6c49fac4eb96e&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qingjie Fuzheng granules treat ulcerative colitis by regulating Th17/Treg balance","authors":"Hangyan Zhong ,&nbsp;Haiqin Liu ,&nbsp;Jinhong Liu ,&nbsp;Shuo Yan ,&nbsp;Fenglin Zou ,&nbsp;Youlong Fan ,&nbsp;Xuzheng Chen ,&nbsp;Jiumao Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of Qingjie Fuzheng granules (QFG) in vivo using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–induced ulcerative colitis (UC) model and elucidate the mechanism of which QFG alleviates UC by examining T cell 17 (Th17)/regulatory T cell (Treg) balance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The DSS-induced UC murine model was established, and the mice were administered QFG or saline by gavage. Their general growth characteristics, including body weight, fecal occult blood, and disease activity index were observed, and the length of the colon was recorded. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to examine pathological injury within the colon tissue. The expression levels of Th17-related cytokines, Treg-related cytokines, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or Bio-Plex immunoassay. Relative mRNA expressions in the spleen and colon tissues were detected by reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein expressions of retinoic acid–associated orphan receptor γt (RORγt), Forked head/wing helix transcription factor 3 (Foxp3), or IDO1 were detected in the spleen and colon by western blotting or immunohistochemistry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>QFG demonstrated the potential to improve the overall pathological conditions of DSS-induced UC mice as evidenced by significantly alleviating the colon shortening and improving colon tissue pathology. QFG also decreased expressions of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and interleukin-6 as well as IDO1. QFG treatment significantly reduced the expressions of Th17-related cytokines and concurrently increased the expressions of Treg-related cytokines. After QFG treatment, the expression of transcription factor RORγt decreased in the colon and spleen, while that of the transcription factor Foxp3 increased.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>QFG can suppress inflammation in mice with DSS-induced UC. This effect is achieved through the regulation of transcription factors RORγt and Foxp3, which inhibits Th17 ​cell differentiation, promotes Treg cell differentiation, and maintains Th17/Treg balance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 131-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000311/pdfft?md5=434a916bdadcd53b6b75a5df8ca3c7a8&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000311-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The functions and applications of organoids in rheumatic immune diseases","authors":"Huaijuan Huang ,&nbsp;Aimin Yan ,&nbsp;Hesong Wang,&nbsp;Heng Xu,&nbsp;Ruhang Li,&nbsp;Kai Yuan,&nbsp;Guangrui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rheumatic immune disorders are a group of conditions that affect the immune system, leading to various clinical symptoms. These diseases can cause pain, reduce the quality of life, and increase the risk of death in severe cases. Diagnosis and treatment are very complex due to the different types of disease and individual differences and the unknown pathogenesis of the disease. Further research is necessary to provide new clues for disease treatment. Organoid technology that makes up for the shortcomings of animal model species differences can better simulate disease onset mechanisms than animal models. It can be used as a screening platform for new therapeutic targets, as well as personalized settings based on patient-derived organoids, promising as an effective tool for the study of rheumatic immune diseases. Therefore, the article summarizes studies related to organoids and their application in rheumatic immune diseases. It also provides an outlook on the potential of organoids in this field and discusses the challenges that need to be addressed, putting new ideas for future research on these diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 141-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000335/pdfft?md5=a61e53b2991f72c79c6393412abc0317&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000335-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}