Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Exercise therapy: Anti-tumor and improving chemotherapy efficacy","authors":"Zhongyu Wang ,&nbsp;Zongming Wang ,&nbsp;Huitong Chen ,&nbsp;Siyuan Li ,&nbsp;Junhua Yang ,&nbsp;Yuxin Ma ,&nbsp;Chang Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaobao Jin ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The extant research evidence indicates that sensible exercise has a beneficial impact on the prevention and treatment of cancer. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of the field of sports oncology. Its objective is to synthesize and analyze the impact of exercise training on cancer, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms through which exercise affects cancer progression. Additionally, it offers valuable insights for advancing fundamental and clinical research in sports oncology. Firstly, this paper provides a summary of the relationship between exercise and various aspects of tumor progression, including tumor size, weight, metastasis, tumor vascularity, myokine production, immune response, and the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. Secondly, due to the diversity of tumor properties, we also explore the fact that the specificity of exercise prescription should be tailored to the different tumor types and patient profiles. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of considering individual differences when determining the type of exercise, intensity, intervention, and duration of exercise. Finally, this paper emphasizes the necessity of evaluating the interaction between exercise and conventional or novel immunotherapies and pharmacodynamics in future preclinical studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 185-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000463/pdfft?md5=1c425ff73e1b4b3311bda377509f1338&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000463-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The research advance on the theory of Chinese medicine-exterior-interior correlation between the Lung and Large Intestine in the treatment of chronic cough","authors":"Meng Yuan ,&nbsp;Hongyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Wen Rui","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coughing as the main symptom of a chronic cough is a persistent respiratory disease that poses a substantial challenge to Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Large Intestine and Lung are intimately related, impacting each other's pathology and physiology, according to TCM theory. This complex interaction emphasizes how crucial it is to treat both organs at the same time while treating cough to support gut health. This viewpoint is further supported by current research, which demonstrates the connections between the Large Intestine and the Lung through a variety of pathways, including neurological pathways, mucosal immune system modulation, gas exchange dynamics, and microbiota composition. To clarify the mechanisms and practical applications of treating chronic cough by concurrently targeting the Lung and Intestine in TCM, this paper merges ideas from TCM theory and empirical research in Western medicine. This provides insightful information for efficiently managing chronic cough.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000499/pdfft?md5=289fa59ec45c85a0aeb3b087762f597e&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000499-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and risk control study of antibody preparation based on CiteSpace","authors":"Chanyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Rong Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanxuan Cai ,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhao ,&nbsp;Zherui Chen ,&nbsp;Ke Li ,&nbsp;Li Zhao ,&nbsp;Rui Huang ,&nbsp;Nooruldeen Riyadh Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Shangguan","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the hotspots, patterns, and distribution of research on the safety and risk of antibody preparations in the past 20 years. It also seeks to summarize the current status and trends of research on the safety and risk control of antibody preparations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Taking “antibody preparation”, “safety” and “risk” as keywords, relevant articles were searched in the databases Web of Science. CiteSpace was utilized to analyze the annual number of publications, countries, authors, institutions, highly cited literature and keywords of the screened literature, and the relevant maps were drawn and the results were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1693 articles were included. The annual number of publications in the field of antibody preparation safety has shown stable growth followed by a rapid increase between 2002 and 2022. Among the countries, the United States accounted for 36.7% of the total publications, ranking first in the world. Large foreign pharmaceutical companies, research institutions, comprehensive university and their affiliated hospitals were the most high-yield institutions. Current hot topics in the field of antibody preparation safety research include “ADC”, “monoclonal antibody”, “anti-tumor activity”, “immunotherapy”, etc.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Over the past 20 years, research on antibody formulations has garnered increasing attention both domestically and internationally, with a focus mainly on efficacy and safety. There has been relatively little research on risk control. In the future, more in-depth research is needed on the mechanisms of adverse reactions in antibody formulations to provide more effective strategies for risk control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 215-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000438/pdfft?md5=dbd847feccf183fe426029fd67f3c531&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000438-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142315567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puerarin alleviates LPS-induced endothelial cells injury via SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis signaling","authors":"Xing Chang ,&nbsp;Meng Cheng ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Xiuteng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endothelial inflammation injury is a key mechanism that occurs in the pathological processes of various cardiovascular diseases. Puerarin (PUE) is an isoflavone compound with strong antioxidant properties and the main active component isolated from the rhizome of <em>Pueraria lobata</em>. PUE exhibits a good anti-atherosclerotic pharmacological effect, but there are few studies on the mechanism of its protective effect on endothelial cells. This study found that PUE could regulate to some extent the mitochondrial function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and reduce or inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress injury in HUVECs. Furthermore, the protective effect of PUE on HUVECs was closely related to the SIRT-1 signaling pathway. PUE increased the level of mitophagy and the activity of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes by increasing SIRT-1 expression, reducing excessive production of ROS, and inhibiting expression of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress injury. Therefore, PUE may improve mitochondrial respiratory function and energy metabolism and increase the activity of HUVECs in the inflammatory state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000451/pdfft?md5=32ba5f3ca37031f4c62e8b1d9b7d5c7d&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000451-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential anti-colon cancer agents: Molecular modelling, docking, pharmacokinetics studies and molecular dynamic simulations","authors":"Auwal Salisu Isa ,&nbsp;Adamu Uzairu ,&nbsp;Umar Mele Umar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tukur Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Abdullahi Bello Umar ,&nbsp;Iqrar Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this investigation is to create a trustworthy Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model that generates little to no side effects and is low-cost for treating colon cancer using experimental data obtained from the literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ChemDraw software was used for creating molecular structures, which were then optimized using Spartan 14 software to generate quantum chemical descriptors. Data pre-treatment and data division were performed using specific software packages. Additionally, analysis and validation tasks were carried out using software tools such as Discovery Studio Visualizer, PyRx for docking, SwissADME for pharmacokinetics studies, and Desmond for molecular dynamic (MD) simulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The developed QSAR model demonstrates good predictive quality with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.3313 and high internal validation metrics (R² ​= ​0.9407, adjusted R² ​= ​0.9329). External validation on a test set yields satisfactory results (R² ​= ​0.9012, adjusted R² ​= ​0.8436, CCC ​= ​0.9229). Docking analysis identifies compounds <strong>11</strong><strong>1</strong> and <strong>11</strong><strong>2</strong> as having the lowest binding affinity of −10.4 kJ/mol, characterized by specific molecular properties. Additionally, MD simulation provides insights into the dynamic behavior and interaction types of the protein-ligand complex, contributing to a deeper understanding of their stability and fluctuations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The model validation parameters confirm the reliability and robustness of the model. The pharmacokinetics study validates the drug-likeness of the drug candidate through various parameters. The MD simulation sheds light on the dynamic behavior and interaction types of the protein-ligand complex, enhancing our understanding of their stability and fluctuations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 235-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zebrafish as a rapid model system for early cardiotoxicity assessment of drugs","authors":"Zonghao Lin ,&nbsp;Xinru Wei ,&nbsp;Yuanzheng Wei ,&nbsp;Zongyu Miao ,&nbsp;Huixin Ye ,&nbsp;Meihui Wu ,&nbsp;Xiangying Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Cai ,&nbsp;Chuqin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There are some problems in the evaluation of drug cardiotoxicity in zebrafish, such as unsystematic indicators and weak sensitivity. This study aims to explore the advantages and disadvantages of various evaluation methods in rapid cardiotoxicity assessment, and to identify and establish representative and highly sensitive evaluation indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four typical cardiotoxic drugs (Doxorubicin, 5-Fluorouracil, Ibuprofen and Lidocaine) with different concentrations were selected to act on zebrafish embryos. The death, cardiac malformation, heart rate, blood flow and sinus venosus-bulbus arteriosus (SV-BA) distance of zebrafish in each group were observed and recorded by stereo microscopy. The behavioral changes of zebrafish after drug treatment were counted and analyzed using a zebrafish behavior recorder. Adult zebrafish were used to screen the cardiotoxic expressed genes, and the spatiotemporal expression stability and concentration-dose dependence of the specifically highly expressed genes were studied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All the 4 drugs can reduce the heart rate and blood flow velocity of zebrafish embryos to varying degrees, increase the SV-BA distance of zebrafish embryos, reduce the activity behavior of zebrafish embryos, and have different degrees of inhibitory effects on the cardiac function of zebrafish. Among the selected 12 genes expressed only in the heart, one and only <em>CMLC1</em> showed high specific expression in the heart of zebrafish. However, doxorubicin did not affect the expression of <em>CMLC1</em> gene in a concentration-dose dependent manner, and the other three drugs could significantly induce the up-regulation of <em>CMLC1</em> gene expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ethology is a faster and more sensitive method than the traditional cardiotoxicity evaluation indicators (heart rate, blood flow velocity, and SV-BA distance). Zebrafish have a small number of highly heart-specific expressed genes and are not suitable for assessing cardiotoxicity based solely on heart-specific expression of circulating mRNA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 223-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis: A prospective therapeutic target for radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal inflammation","authors":"Siyu Han,&nbsp;Jingrui Zheng,&nbsp;Weijian Chen,&nbsp;Ke Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ferroptosis is a unique mode of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, and the process is regulated by a variety of cellular metabolic pathways, including redox homeostasis, iron processing, and lipid metabolism. It has been shown that radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation exhibits the key features of ferroptosis, including iron deposition, glutathione (GSH) depletion, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inactivation and lipid peroxidation. In this paper, we found that ferroptosis plays an important role in radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI inflammation, and that elevating GSH levels, activating GPX4, inhibiting elevated levels of lipid peroxidation, and maintaining iron homeostasis significantly alleviated radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI inflammation. This suggests that ferroptosis may be a new target for the treatment of GI inflammation. In addition, we systematically summarize the potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active ingredients in the treatment of GI inflammation, which may be effective in ameliorating radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI by acting on the key signaling pathways and mediators, such as Nrf2/HO-1, GSH/GPX4, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), iron, and organic peroxides, which in turn inhibit the process of ferroptosis, and thereby effectively ameliorate the radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced GI inflammation. This finding provides a new potential approach for the treatment of such GI inflammation and demonstrates the potential value of TCM in modern medical treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 160-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000426/pdfft?md5=00b69cca92d1e9f23658ef4bb6602d01&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000426-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holistic integrative medicine declaration","authors":"China Institute for Development Strategy of Holistic Integrative Medicine","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Holistic integrative medicine, abbreviated as HIM, has been officially proposed since 2012. Its theoretical system has been continuously improved, and its practical methods have become increasingly diverse, becoming an inevitable choice and path for the medical development in the new era. This article demonstrates ten major propositions for HIM, elaborating on the connotation and extension of HIM from the perspectives of epistemology and methodology, in order to achieve the transformation and adaptive evolution of modern medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 157-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000414/pdfft?md5=1109b45d022f69d7d7b182d0deecb3b9&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000414-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of purine functionalized biochar and analysis of nephrotoxic substances in traditional Chinese medicine","authors":"Yanhui Ge ,&nbsp;Xinya Xu ,&nbsp;Yuanru Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, a growing lack of comprehension regarding the safety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has led to an escalating incidence of drug-induced organ damage, particularly kidney damage associated with TCM usage. This study focused on the development of purine-functionalized biochar and used to capture nephrotoxic substances in TCMs. The biochar was meticulously characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and elemental analysis. Subsequently, it was employed as a solid-phase extraction medium for capturing suspected nephrotoxic substances in TCMs. Results revealed that the functional biochar exhibited commendable selectivity for compounds with nephrotoxic effects, demonstrating its potential for effectively capturing nephrotoxic substances in TCMs. This research aimed to introduce an innovative method for monitoring potential nephrotoxic substances in large-scale TCMs, thereby contributing to the enhancement of the overall safety profile of traditional Chinese medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000359/pdfft?md5=3012619bfb879360696fcc6a5b50e23e&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000359-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141959620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction a six-gene prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma based on WGCNA co-expression network","authors":"Tian Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Chun Fan ,&nbsp;Lin-Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Min-Yu Nong ,&nbsp;Guang-Fei Zheng ,&nbsp;Wan-Shuo Wei ,&nbsp;Li-He Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhip.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Currently, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma remains high, and the prognosis of patients is poor. Prognostic biomarkers are still worth exploring.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Subsequently, a modular analysis of these DEGs was performed using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A prognostic model for liver cancer patients was constructed employing the Cox proportional hazards model. Through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we developed a Cox proportional-hazards model specifically for hepatocellular carcinoma. Subsequently, International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort data were used to validate the accuracy of the Cox proportional-hazards model. Following this, we conducted further analyses of prognostic genes, encompassing functional enrichment analysis and survival analysis. Additionally, we utilized the BBcancer database to investigate whether these prognostic genes have the potential to serve as blood markers. Notably, in this six-gene prognostic model, we also analyzed the genes' drug susceptibility.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Leveraging the candidate genes identified from the WGCNA analysis, we constructed a Cox proportional-hazards model with an AUC value greater than 0.7. This model incorporates <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, <em>KIF11</em>, <em>MSH4</em>, and <em>KCNF1</em>, revealing that patients with low expression levels of these genes had significantly better survival prognosis compared to those with high expression levels (<em>P ​&lt;</em> ​0.05). The enrichment analysis revealed that these prognostic genes are enriched in pathways related to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, we observed a strong association between <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, <em>KIF11</em>, <em>MSH4</em>, and <em>KCNF1</em> with overall survival (OS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, among which <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em> and <em>KIF11</em> genes were significantly differentially expressed in extracellular vesicles. Additionally, this six-gene prognostic model demonstrated sensitivity to drugs such as VX-680, TAE684, Sunitinib, S-Trityl-L-cysteine, Paclitaxel, and CGP-60474.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The Cox risk prognostic model based on <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, <em>KIF11</em>, <em>MSH4</em>, and <em>KCNF1</em> represents a valuable tool for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients and may serve as a target for drug development. In particular, <em>HMMR</em>, <em>E2F2</em>, <em>WDR62</em>, and <em>KIF11</em> have potential as blood biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma, though their precise biological functions require further exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"5 2","pages":"Pages 90-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2707368824000347/pdfft?md5=f428ed92dbad9aa3d3447bfefed40d8d&pid=1-s2.0-S2707368824000347-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}