Pietro Garibaldi , Pedro Gomes , Thepthida Sopraseuth
{"title":"Public employment redux","authors":"Pietro Garibaldi , Pedro Gomes , Thepthida Sopraseuth","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The public sector hires disproportionately more educated workers. To rationalize this finding, we propose a model with a perfectly competitive private sector, and non-Walrasian public sector. Our economy also features heterogeneity across individuals and jobs, and a simple sorting mechanism that generates underemployment - educated workers performing unskilled jobs. We find that the public-sector wage differential and excess underemployment account for 15 percent of the education bias, with the remaining accounted for by technology. In a counterintuitive fashion, we find that more compressed wages in the public sector raise inequality in the private sector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jge.2021.100003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129419308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Migration and redistribution: Why the federal governance of an economic union does matter","authors":"Assaf Razin , Efraim Sadka","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Federal governance matters. Policy coordination allows the economic union to exercise monopsony power over migrants. Therefore the migration volumes under the policycompetition regime exceed those under the policy-coordination regime. With loose federal governance, competition over low-skilled migrants, who come with no capital, induces the individual member state to raise the provision of social benefit, so as to attract more migrants when starting from the coordination equilibrium. As a result, the social benefits in all other member States must also be raised to keep these migrants at their own economy. This amounts to excessively high income redistribution – a negative fiscal externality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jge.2021.100001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"104174307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The proper role of government in the market economy: The case of the post-COVID recovery","authors":"Joseph E. Stiglitz","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The long-lasting, widespread COVID-19 pandemic has imposed huge challenges on public health as well as economic recovery. Governments must take an active role in designing and enforcing economic policies to address various problems that pure market forces cannot, such as externalities and the absence of risk markets. Covid-19 has exposed deficiencies in current arrangements and the need to develop better institutions. We also need to develop better understandings of the relationship between government, the market, and other institutions within society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jge.2021.100004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81494402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(Why) Is There a Public/Private Pay Gap?","authors":"Christos A. Makridis","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jge.2021.100002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The government is facing a severe shortage of skilled workers. The conventional wisdom in branches of policy and public administration is that the shortage is driven by low salaries that are not competitive for attracting top talent. Using longitudinal data on high skilled workers between 1993 and 2013, this paper shows that, if anything, government employees earn more than their private sector counterparts. Although government workers tend to earn less in the raw data, these differences are driven by the correlation between unobserved productivity and selection into private sector jobs. Instead, this paper provides empirical evidence that low non-pecuniary amenities, such as development opportunities and management, can explain earnings differences between the public and private sectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jge.2021.100002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137369069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Government and economics: An emerging field of study","authors":"David Daokui Li , Eric S. Maskin","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2021.100005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we discuss the field of <em>government and economics</em>, an emerging body of work that aims to better understand government's role, incentives and behavior in a modern market economy, as well as how government actions shape the economy's performance.</p><p>In the first part of the paper, we present evidence that the size and scope of government in market economies have grown much larger since the industrial revolution. We then briefly examine particular periods in the histories of the U.S., Germany, Japan, South Korea, and China when these countries’ governments played an especially vigorous role in promoting rapid economic growth. We also provide statistical evidence that, across countries, more robust market-supporting behavior from governments is associated with higher per capita income and faster growth.</p><p>The second part begins with a review of existing areas of economic research suggesting that, so far, the discipline has neglected some significant questions concerning government as an active player in a modern market economy.</p><p>Finally, we propose a number of possible future research topics that we think are tailored for the new field of government and economies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jge.2021.100005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80096278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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