Journal of Government and Economics最新文献

Editor’s note: Stability and development in Africa, tax reform, public participation and corruption 编者按：非洲的稳定与发展、税收改革、公众参与和腐败

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2025.100141

Zhangkai Huang, DavidDaokui Li

引用次数: 0

Does the limiting debt tax benefits curb tax aggressiveness? Evidence from Indonesia 2016 debt-to-equity reform 限制债务税收优惠会抑制税收侵略性吗？来自印尼2016年债转股改革的证据

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2025.100139

Timbul Parasian Hutahean , Wawan Hermawan , Bayu Kharisma , Alfiah Hasanah

{"title":"Does the limiting debt tax benefits curb tax aggressiveness? Evidence from Indonesia 2016 debt-to-equity reform","authors":"Timbul Parasian Hutahean , Wawan Hermawan , Bayu Kharisma , Alfiah Hasanah","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2025.100139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2025.100139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study defines <em>tax aggressiveness</em> as the extent to which a firm uses interest expense to shield income from tax. Focusing on the period surrounding the debt-to-equity cap reform that restricts the debt tax benefit, we investigate two primary hypotheses: (1) whether thin capitalization, characterized by a higher debt ratio, is positively correlated with tax aggressiveness due to the debt tax benefit, and (2) whether the reform limiting this debt tax benefit (thin capitalization rule) reduces tax aggressiveness. We use the <em>simulated marginal tax rate</em> and the <em>kink</em> – the interest expense percentage at which the marginal tax benefit function curve begins to slope downward – as measures of tax aggressiveness. Applying OLS on a pooled sample from the pre-reform period, we find evidence supporting the first hypothesis. Furthermore, exploiting a natural experiment resulting from the reform and utilizing a difference-in-difference strategy on panel data, we observe that firms affected by the reform, particularly those classified as thinly capitalized, become relatively less tax-aggressive. A lower interest expenses ratio is evidence of a pathway for the finding. In conclusion, tax aggressiveness is associated with thinly capitalized firms, and the tax reform appears to mitigate this behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Funding the future: Nigeria's battle against poverty through government expenditure 资助未来：尼日利亚通过政府支出与贫困作斗争

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2025.100137

Temitope Adebayo

{"title":"Funding the future: Nigeria's battle against poverty through government expenditure","authors":"Temitope Adebayo","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2025.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2025.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effectiveness of government expenditure in combating the incidence of poverty in Nigeria from 1981 to 2022, employing a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) framework. The research analyzes the relationship between poverty incidence and key variables including government expenditure, GDP per capita, Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (ACGSF), and gross enrollment ratio in secondary education. Using time series data and cointegration analysis, the study reveals a significant long-run relationship between government expenditure and poverty reduction, with a 1 % increase corresponding to a 0.05 percentage point reduction in poverty incidence. However, the error correction mechanism indicates a notably slow adjustment process (-0.000376), suggesting structural impediments to poverty reduction efforts. While government expenditure demonstrates significant poverty-reducing effects in the long run, the analysis reveals weak short-run dynamics and limited effectiveness of other policy instruments. The study finds evidence of a self-reinforcing poverty cycle, with past poverty levels significantly influencing current poverty rates. These findings underscore the need for more comprehensive and sustained policy interventions, particularly in addressing structural barriers to poverty reduction and improving the efficiency of government expenditure allocation in Nigeria's socioeconomic development initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sinews of empire? The Crown Agents for the Colonies and African government debt under colonial rule 帝国的根基？殖民地和殖民统治下的非洲政府债务的皇家代理人

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2025.100138

Leigh Gardner , Tehreem Husain

引用次数: 0

Does better governance abate the external debt–capital flight revolvement in sub-Saharan Africa? 更好的治理能缓解撒哈拉以南非洲的外债-资本外逃浪潮吗？

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2025.100136

Adamu Braimah Abille , Ishmael Adjei

{"title":"Does better governance abate the external debt–capital flight revolvement in sub-Saharan Africa?","authors":"Adamu Braimah Abille , Ishmael Adjei","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2025.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2025.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most African countries are grappling with long-term fiscal slippages and escalating debt burdens due to high levels of non-concessional and overcapitalized borrowing. At the same time, the continent is paradoxically deemed a net creditor to the rest of the world owing to excessive capital flight. More concerning is the seemingly strong correlation between external debt and capital flight from these countries. While some studies have considered the moderating role of governance in the effect of capital flight on various sectors of African economies, how governance may moderate the correlation between external debt and capital flight remains empirically unexplored. Using unbalanced panel data on capital flight, external debt, and governance indicators from 1990 to 2020 for 20 African countries, we observe that; (i) the external debt–capital flight revolvement may be a short-run rather than a long-run phenomenon. (ii) The marginal effects show that improved governance indicators at least moderate the short-run positive correlation between external debt and capital flight. We discuss the policy implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The contributions of foreign aid and natural resource wealth to democratic institutions: Evidence from over 40 years of sub-Sahara Africa's history 外国援助和自然资源财富对民主制度的贡献：来自撒哈拉以南非洲40多年历史的证据

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2024.100132

Alex O. Acheampong , John Taden

引用次数: 0

Political determinants of centre-state transfers: An empirical analysis across Indian states 中央邦转移支付的政治决定因素：印度各邦的实证分析

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2024.100130

Deepti Kohli

{"title":"Political determinants of centre-state transfers: An empirical analysis across Indian states","authors":"Deepti Kohli","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on the political aspect of intergovernmental transfers in India. By using a balanced panel data-set comprising of data on 28 Indian states and Union Territories for the period 2003–2023 for both Legislative Assembly and Parliamentary elections at the state-level, the aim is to investigate whether there occurs a politically motivated distribution of financial resources by the central government to the states in India? The analysis has been done for three categories of centre-state transfers: loans, grants and tax devolution. The regression estimations include various political controls such as, electoral competition between political parties, voter participation rate, government’s ideological leaning, centre-state partisan affiliation, government incumbency and a control for political lobbying. The findings of this study reveal a significant influence of various political forces on different categories of intergovernmental transfers in India. For instance, a greater political competition leads to a lowering of grants and a rise in tax devolution and loans provided by the central government in proportion to the state’s GDP. A left-leaning government ideology is found to entail an increase in the proportion of grants from the centre in proportion to the state’s GDP. In addition, a greater partisan affiliation between the central and state governments leads to an increase in the average proportion of grants and tax devolution provided to that state. Finally, an increase in the political contributions provided to the winning party in a state leads to a rise in the provision of loans and grants by the centre to that state, while tax devolution is dampened. All these results do provide some evidence in favour of electoral opportunism and lobbying at work in the distribution of financial resources across Indian states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trade remedy measures and their effects on industry performance, and implicit government intentions: Changes in revealed comparative advantage indices in China, India, and Japan 贸易救济措施及其对产业绩效和政府隐性意图的影响：中国、印度和日本的显性比较优势指数变化

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2024.100129

Keiichi Iwase, Shuichi Ishida

{"title":"Trade remedy measures and their effects on industry performance, and implicit government intentions: Changes in revealed comparative advantage indices in China, India, and Japan","authors":"Keiichi Iwase, Shuichi Ishida","doi":"10.1016/j.jge.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jge.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a two-dimensional matrix analysis method that utilizes revealed comparative advantage and revealed comparative disadvantage indices. It aims to clarify the impact of trade remedy measures on beneficiary industries' performance. We compare the effects of these measures across both growing and mature industries. In the former case, we examine the steel industries in China and India, while in the latter case, we focus on Japan's basic chemicals and other products. By tracking the changes in the revealed comparative advantage and disadvantage indices before and after the execution of each measure, we identify distinct patterns depending on the industry's developmental stage. Although trade remedy measures are defined as countermeasures against unfair trade practices, this distinction enables us to determine whether trade remedy measures serve as tools for enhancing and sustaining industrial competitiveness or averting competitive disadvantages effectively with implicit intentions of governments. Furthermore, this analytical framework also provides insights into industry conditions. Its versatility extends to potential applications in corporate management and policy evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100785,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Government and Economics","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editor's note: Market-preserving government, global value chains, trade remedies, center-state transfers, and foreign aid. 编者按：维护市场的政府、全球价值链、贸易救济、中央政府转移支付和外援。

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2025.100133

Zhangkai Huang, David Daokui Li

引用次数: 0

The nature of market-preserving government 维护市场的政府的本质

Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jge.2024.100131

Yi-Jiang Wang

引用次数: 0