Journal of EuCornea最新文献

{"title":"To femto or not to femto","authors":"Harminder S. Dua","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 18-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83860380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of filaggrin genotype and atopic dermatitis on risk and severity of keratoconus","authors":"M. Juul-Dam ,&nbsp;H. Sejersen ,&nbsp;C. Vestergaard ,&nbsp;M. Deleuran ,&nbsp;J. Hjortdal","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Filaggrin is a major structural protein in the skin barrier and null mutations in the <em>filaggrin</em> gene (<em>FLG</em>) increase the risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD). Previous studies report an association between keratoconus (KC) and the presence of AD, and <em>FLG</em> mutated patients with concomitant AD may have a more severe KC. We investigated if <em>FLG</em> genotype and AD correlate to the frequency and severity of KC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One hundred and eight patients were recruited and distributed in four groups based on KC and AD status. Patients with high myopia comprised the reference group. We used the topographical keratoconus classification (TKC), K_max and central corneal thickness (CCT) to compare the groups and analyzed <em>FLG</em> mutation status by DNA sequencing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 15 patients (14%) in our cohort harbored mutation in <em>FLG</em>. Nine of 49 patients (18%) with AD were <em>FLG</em> mutated whereas 6/59 (10%) without AD were carriers of <em>FLG</em> mutation (<em>P = 0.22</em>). There was no difference in K_max between KC patients with and without AD (median K_max 56.9 and 57.6, respectively – <em>P = 0.81).</em> Patients with <em>FLG</em> mutation had a median K_max of 62.5 whereas <em>FLG</em> wild-type patients had a median K_max of 56.9, <em>P = 0.29</em>. There was no difference in CCT between <em>FLG</em> mutated KC patients (median CCT 420 µm) and KC patients with <em>FLG</em> wild-type (median CCT 448 µm), <em>P = 0.21.</em></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In our cohort, the frequency of <em>FLG</em> mutations was low and genotype equally distributed between patients with and without AD and KC. There was no aggravation in KC severity parameters in <em>FLG</em> mutated patients compared to patients with <em>FLG</em> wild-type. Future studies powered to assess the synergistic influence of AD and <em>FLG</em> genotype may identify patients at risk of severe KC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 4-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91677868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa host-pathogen interactions in human corneal infection models","authors":"Ahmad Elsahn ,&nbsp;Maria del Mar Cendra ,&nbsp;Maria Victoria Humbert ,&nbsp;Myron Christodoulides ,&nbsp;Harminder Dua ,&nbsp;Parwez Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To examine over time, the electron microscopic changes associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and human corneal tissue interactions in the context of microbial keratitis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Corneal stromal fibroblast monolayer and whole tissue models were made from human eye bank eyes and from residual tissue after corneal transplantation.</p><p>In the whole tissue model (WTM), donor buttons were infected with PAO1 by scoring and intrastromal injection. Tissue was examined after 3, 9 and 24 h post challenge by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p><p>In the cell culture model (CCM), corneal fibroblasts (CF) were infected in vitro with PAO1. Bacterial adherence and internalization were assayed at 3, 6 and 9 h by SEM and TEM. Adherent and internalized bacteria were measured by the gentamicin protection invasion assay. A subset of infected fibroblasts was treated with gentamicin to study intracellular bacterial survival and cell viability using a lactose dehydrogenase assay (LDH).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the WTM, bacteria were seen to penetrate the epithelium at the scored sites only. At 3 h bacteria were seen in the stroma and by 9 h distinct intrastromal bacterial colonies were observed. Clusters of intracellular bacteria were observed in keratocytes in the intrastromal injection model.</p><p>In CCM, SEM demonstrated bacteria adherent to the surface of CF and the saponin lysis assay demonstrated adherence and internalization in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Bacterial internalization was detected as early as 3 h. Intracellular bacteria survived and replicated without affecting cell viability.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PAO1 bacterial can infect stromal keratocytes only when the epithelium and basement membrane are breached, or bypassed by direct injection. PA interaction with CF occurs very early leading to internalization of bacteria where they are protected and can multiply intracellularly without affecting CF viability for 24 h. This may have relevance to ideal timing of medical intervention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91677920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of filaggrin genotype and atopic dermatitis on risk and severity of keratoconus","authors":"M. Juul-Dam, H. Sejersen, C. Vestergaard, M. Deleuran, J. Hjortdal","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90882303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keratoconus development risk factors: A contralateral eye study","authors":"Otavio A. Magalhaes ,&nbsp;Fernanda M.F. Fujihara,&nbsp;Eduardo B.N. de Brittes,&nbsp;Rafael N. Tavares","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The goal of this study is to evaluate risk factors for advanced keratoconus (KC) development using marked asymmetrical cases.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a prospective case-control contralateral eye study that evaluated 58 consecutive participants with very asymmetric KC from the department of cornea and external disease at the Porto Alegre Eye Bank Hospital, Brazil between March and November 2019. Risk factors for KC development were analyzed by patient interview (eye-rubbing behavior, atopic related diseases and identification of dominant hand), slit-lamp ocular surface examination and dry-eye tests. KC characterization was performed using the Pentacam® HR Scheimpflug tomography (Oculus GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age of the participants was 27.17 ± 10.69 years (range: 16 to 56 years). Two thirds of patients presented history of allergic rhinitis. As expected, we found significant differences in BCSVA, K1, K2, Kmax and thinnest pachymetry (all <em>P &lt; 0.001</em>) between cases and the contralateral eye. Reported eye-rubbing frequency was significantly higher in eyes with advanced KC (<em>p &lt; 0.001</em>). Signs of blepharitis and dry-eye were very similar between both groups (<em>p &gt; 0.05</em>). We observed no correlation between hand dominance and advanced KC laterality (<em>p &gt; 0.05</em>).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This approach enabled us to examine a pure association between risk factors and KC development. Although we reported an increased patient-reported frequency of rubbing in eyes with advanced KC, we could not find any significant difference in ocular surface parameters (blepharitis signs and dry eyes tests) between cases and control that justified increased corneal manipulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91677867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix regenerating agent (RGTA) plays a prominent role in treating persistent epithelial defects","authors":"Tolga Kocatürk ,&nbsp;Mustafa Alemdar ,&nbsp;Özge Key ,&nbsp;Harun Çakmak ,&nbsp;José L. Güell","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and speed of the regenerating agent (RGTA) in the management of persistent epithelial defects after severe infective keratitis, when the treatment with topical fortified antibiotics fails.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study was performed on a noncomparative case series of 27 patients (27 eyes) referred with nonhealing severe infective keratitis, i.e. no signs of improvement with fortified antibiotics and ABS eye drops after at least 3 weeks of follow-up. The patients were treated with RGTA eye drops until the complete healing of epithelium. The main outcome measures for each patient were the duration of complete epithelialization of the corneal ulcer and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after the therapy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Patients did not report pain or discomfort during the RGTA therapy and had no local or systemic side effects related to RGTA application. The RGTA treatment increased BCVA and achieved complete epithelial healing in all patients within an average of 2.36 ± 1.64 weeks (range: 1–5.60). In a patient with necrotizing scleritis, full corneal epithelialization took relatively shorter time (1.5 week), but healing in the conjunctival region was still lacking. Corneal epithelial defect was repeated 4 weeks later. Thus, recurrence was a possibility and another patient with penetrating keratoplasty the revival was after 7 weeks.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>RGTA treatment is a safe option for severe eye infection when local or systemic side effects are concerned. It restores the cornea to its original health within a few weeks of therapy when the conventional treatments of keratitis fail. The practice shortens the hospital stay and saves the cost even in refractory corneal ulcers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91677869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix regenerating agent (RGTA) plays a prominent role in treating persistent epithelial defects","authors":"Tolga Kocatürk, M. Alemdar, Özge Key, Harun Çakmak, J. Güell","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"43 1","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87283260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa host-pathogen interactions in human corneal infection models","authors":"A. Elsahn, M. Cendra, M. V. Humbert, M. Christodoulides, H. Dua, P. Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"84 1","pages":"8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85567664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keratoconus – Still behind the cone","authors":"Harminder S. Dua","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 23-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87776636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keratoconus development risk factors: A contralateral eye study","authors":"O. A. Magalhaes, Fernanda Mari Fagundes Fujihara, Eduardo B.N. de Brittes, R. Tavares","doi":"10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjec.2020.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of EuCornea","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73726895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}