Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research最新文献

{"title":"Cyclists’ evaluation of routes using ride-along questionnaires","authors":"Frauke Luise Berghoefer,&nbsp;Vivien Miether,&nbsp;Mark Vollrath","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bicycle is a healthy and environmentally friendly mode of transport and one of the most important components of sustainable urban transport. To make cycling more attractive and convenient, cycling infrastructures and routes should be designed to allow safe, comfortable, stress-free, and convenient cycling. But which infrastructures are attractive for cycling? What are the similarities and differences between attractive and unattractive infrastructures for cycling? In a cycling study with ride-along questionnaires, 41 participants cycled route segments that varied in infrastructural characteristics such as the cycling facility, surface, or gradient. Each segment was evaluated on multiple criteria and the ride was followed by a short, structured interview to examine the participants’ reasons for the given evaluations. The results of two cluster analyses of the criteria revealed that infrastructures can be characterized by their evaluation on the mental effort required, the cycling comfort, and the attractiveness of the surrounding. The results strengthen the positive effects of wide and traffic-calmed infrastructure, even if it has to be shared with pedestrians, but they also emphasize the negative impact of adjacent motor traffic on cyclists’ perception of the environment. The findings of our study provide valuable insights into cyclists’ perception and evaluation of various cycling infrastructures. Furthermore, they elaborate similarities and dissimilarities between infrastructures that help to identify the specific characteristics that increase the attractiveness of cycling infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How e-scooter riders navigate road safety hazards –Understanding the perceptions and strategies of regular riders","authors":"Juliane Anke,&nbsp;Madlen Ringhand,&nbsp;David Schackmann,&nbsp;Tibor Petzoldt","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The popularity of e-scooter riding and the massive climb of related crashes has brought up new challenges for road safety, contradicting the potential benefits of more sustainable transport. While the current literature already draws a picture of e-scooter-related road safety issues, the underlying perceptions and motives of the riders have been hardly considered. An online survey and focus group interviews with regular e-scooter riders (owners of private e-scooters, frequent users of rental vehicles) were set out to obtain insights into the perceptions of hazards and safety-critical events, as well as immediate reactions and long-term protective strategies thereof. Results show that road safety campaigning should consider infrastructure hazards and hazards related to interactions with other road users. Furthermore, the results reveal an overlap regarding road safety problems between e-scooter riding and cycling, implying a potential for joint efforts. Individual behavioral strategies that the riders reported, like immediate reactions and long-term protective strategies, present input for education and training. Moreover, courses of action for traffic planning or maintenance, vehicle manufacturers, and driver education were identified, raising awareness of road infrastructure deficiencies, needed improvements in vehicle design, and the promotion of being considerate of each other in traffic. The findings highlight the benefits of drawing on the road users themselves to get a more complete picture and understanding of the underlying motives to enhance the safety of e-scooter riding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating bicycle route choice model in value-of-time space, a case study for Gothenburg","authors":"Chengxi Liu ,&nbsp;Fredrik Johansson ,&nbsp;Ida Kristoffersson ,&nbsp;Clas Rydergren","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies that have estimated bicycle route choice models have focused on the preference valuations in the Value-of-distance space (VoD), i.e., the valuation of a potential investment in infrastructure relative to the reference infrastructure is measured in the unit of travel distance. That is to say, one meter of cycling on separated bike path is equivalent to <em>x</em> meters of cycling in mixed traffic (reference). This paper presents an effort to estimate a bicycle route choice model in Greater Gothenburg area where the utility is specified in the Value-of-Time space (VoT), which assumes that cyclists primarily aim to minimize travel time rather than distance per se. Estimation in VoT space also allows for the use of model estimation results in Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) given that most benefits in CBA are measured in terms of travel time savings. To achieve this, travel time, desired speed and delays at intersections are estimated from GPS data. A Path-size Logit model is developed where a utility function for each alternative (route) is formulated using travel time rather than distance. Desired speed and delay at intersections are estimated at trip level and intersection level. The estimated preference weights in the VoT space are compared with the estimates in the VoD space using the same data and from the literature. Results suggest that valuation of separated bike path in VoT space is comparable to VoD space using the same dataset but lower than the ones in VoD space in literature. The valuation of very steep slope (&gt;5 %) in VoT space is substantially lower. Commuting cyclists slightly more prefer separated bike path and have a substantially stronger preference for avoiding signalized intersections than non-commuting trips.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing the usage of shared micromobility: Implications from Berlin","authors":"Maximilian Heumann ,&nbsp;Tobias Kraschewski ,&nbsp;Philipp Otto ,&nbsp;Lukas Tilch ,&nbsp;Tim Brauner ,&nbsp;Michael H. Breitner","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The popularity of urban micromobility has steadily grown in cities worldwide. There is a lack of comparative studies investigating factors influencing the travel behavior of shared micromobility in Europe. From this, we investigate shared bicycle, e-scooter, and e-moped usage in Berlin based on trip data from September 2019 to March 2022. We incorporate a comprehensive set of spatial, temporal, weather-, fleet size-, and COVID-19-lockdown-related factors. To account for significant over-dispersion in our hourly resolved panel dataset for 542 traffic analysis zones, we employ a functional spatiotemporal regression model to estimate variables of trip counts for the three micromobility modes. Our descriptive results reveal spatiotemporal characteristics of shared bicycle, e-scooter, and e-moped usage and significant growth of operating fleet sizes in Berlin in recent years. We provide evidence that fleet expansion does not lead to a proportional increase in trips, implying competitive effects among operators limit potential growth. As urban space is scarce and regulations on fleet sizes are lacking, urban planners and service providers use these findings and complementary studies to plan fleets and their allocation optimally. Impacts associated with land use vary between modes and allow for demand-based planning. Precipitation is the most impactful factor among the weather variables and shows a pronounced adverse effect on all three modes. COVID-19-lockdown phases had no significant effect on e-mopeds. While bicycles were moderately affected, e-scooter trips decreased significantly. The findings can help policymakers and micromobility operators further optimize sharing mobility services and facilitate evidence-based strategies for the spatial and temporal design of micromobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personas-based e-scooter usage patterns analysis at a Greek research campus","authors":"Panagiota Mavrogenidou,&nbsp;Amalia Polydoropoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro-mobility, particularly e-scooters, is characterized as a promising solution to urban transportation challenges by reducing congestion and pollution. However, integrating e-scooters into urban environments has been challenging due to safety concerns and friction with other transport modes, leading to public opposition and potential bans. These challenges underscore the benefits of deploying e-scooters in controlled environments like university campuses, where their impact can be better managed. This study examines e-scooter implementation on a Greek campus, focusing on identifying hidden factors influencing usage levels through exploratory factor analysis (EFA). In addition, cluster analyses reveal different personality types that significantly affect usage levels. The Real-life Experiment was conducted in two phases, compared behaviors over time, and accounted for weather variations. The study innovatively integrates questionnaire and usage data to identify hidden factors affecting usage and segment users into personas. The analysis created four perception-based personas (Reluctant, Cautious, Practical, Interested but Unconvinced) and four trip-based personas (Young and Infrequent, Young and Frequent, Older and Infrequent, Older and Frequent). Chi-square analysis and Sankey diagrams visualized personas’ patterns, while ridgeline plots showed variable distributions across the two phases. Results highlighted the significant impact of safety concerns, transport challenges, perceived e-scooter benefits, and weather on utilization levels. The insights from this study provide valuable guidance for effectively implementing e-scooter systems to enhance sustainability and reduce unnecessary car trips. Recognizing the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting e-scooter sharing systems allows research institutions to better plan and promote sustainable practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of traffic signs to prevent fly parking","authors":"Alexandra Gavriilidou,&nbsp;Rolien Holster,&nbsp;Winnie Daamen","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As bicycle use increases, so does the need for formal parking spaces to safely store them while performing other activities at a destination. In the Netherlands, several municipalities have created indoor and outdoor formal parking spaces, which remain underutilised. Instead, many cyclists choose to ‘fly park’, i.e. informally lock their bicycle to objects on the street. This can cause dangerous situations or inconvenience, for example by blocking sidewalks. The discrepancy between the use of formal and informal parking spaces may be attributed to a lack of information provided to cyclists about the available formal parking options. This study investigated the effectiveness of different traffic sign designs in encouraging the use of formal parking spaces. The designs were developed within this research with the intention of capturing different communication strategies, namely hazardous, neutral educative and negative educative. A stated preference choice experiment was then performed to allow the comparison of the effectiveness of the different designs, and thus communication strategies. The responses were analysed using discrete choice modelling. According to the results, traffic signs alerting users to the fact that controls are performed (hazardous communication) are the most effective in the fly parking prevention, especially for frequent bicycle users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing injuries from e-scooters, e-bikes, and bicycles in the United States","authors":"Hannah Younes","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a growing perception that e-scooters are more dangerous than bicycles and e-bikes, with towns implementing measures to ban their usage. Yet, there is not much evidence from large scale surveys to substantiate this claim. Nearly 14,000 micromobility injuries leading to emergency care in the United States in 2021 and 2022 are analyzed in this study. The following questions are addressed: What are the characteristics of injured micromobility users? Are injured e-scooter users more likely to suffer severe or fatal injuries than other injured micromobility users? What is the relationship between motor-vehicles and micromobility-related injuries? Around 15 % of injured micromobility users presenting to an emergency department were admitted to the hospital. Injured e-scooter users were not more likely to suffer severe injuries than bicyclists and e-bike users. Factors influencing micromobility injury severity included: older age, being male, involvement of a motor-vehicle, and alcohol/substance use. E-bike injuries were more likely to (33 %) involve a motor-vehicle than bicycle (26 %) and e-scooter injuries (23 %). Injured e-scooter users were more diverse (e.g., a higher proportion of women and minorities) and tended to be younger than bicyclists and e-bike users, indicating a potential wider diversity of users. As micromobility becomes a growing mode of sustainable transportation, we must ensure that conditions are safe for all users. This includes separated and protected pathways for micromobility users, traffic calming measures for motor-vehicles, adequate post-crash care for all, and policies that advocate for safe usage, instead of preventing usage, of micromobility modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bike sharing systems: The impact of precise trip demand forecasting on operational efficiency in different city structures","authors":"Selin Ataç ,&nbsp;Nikola Obrenović ,&nbsp;Michel Bierlaire","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing environmental concerns drive interest in sustainable solutions across various fields. Vehicle sharing systems such as one-way station-based bike sharing systems (BSSs) offer one such solution in transportation, although they pose operational challenges like vehicle imbalance. While many studies focus on optimizing rebalancing operations using trip demand forecasting, the added value of precise trip demand forecasting remains unexplored. This study assesses the added value of collecting detailed trip demand data and developing trip demand forecasting models. To achieve this, we create a simulation–optimization framework representing a city BSS in operation during the day. We use a discrete-event simulator representing the system dynamics and an enhanced mathematical model optimizing the rebalancing operations. We employ clustering in the optimization module to manage larger case studies, dividing the problem into smaller sub-problems. Our computational experiments compare two main scenarios, perfect demand forecast and unknown future demand, as well as several intermediate scenarios where partial future trip demand information is available. These scenarios allow us to determine the trade-off between lost trip demand and rebalancing operations costs, assess demand forecasting benefits, and identify the budget’s upper limit for precise trip demand forecasting. Subsequently, we conduct experiments on one synthetic (35 stations) and four real-life case studies, ranging from small systems (21 and 298 stations) to large systems (681 and 1361 stations). Results reveal that precise trip demand forecasting has varying impacts on small and large BSSs, with larger BSSs benefiting the most without significantly increasing the rebalancing operations costs. We also observe that the most significant improvements occur between 0% and 40% trip demand knowledge while beyond 60%, the increase in returns diminishes. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for operators in enhancing service levels and optimizing resource allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What determines the use of private and shared bicycles? Evidence from the University of Lyon (France)","authors":"Nathalie Havet,&nbsp;Louafi Bouzouina","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many cities have introduced policies to promote cycling through personal and shared bicycles. However, there are limited studies simultaneously exploring the determinants affecting the types of cycling and their interactions within the urban mobility system. This article aims to analyze factors influencing the use of private and shared bicycles using data from a student survey conducted at 17 academic institutions in Lyon, using a copula-based binary choice model. Our results show that spatial factors, such as residential location, shared bike accessibility, and home-campus distance, strongly influence the active mode choice. They also provide novel evidence on the complementarity and substituability between cycling and other modes. For example, we find that while having a public transport season ticket significantly reduces the likelihood of commuting by bicycle, this substituability is more pronounced between public transport and shared bike use than between public transport and use of private bikes. However, for multomodal home-study trips, shared bikes are stronger complements to alternative modes (inclunding public transport) than private bikes. From a policy perspective, these results confirm the need for specific heterogeneous policies aimed at promoting cycling and sustainable mobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When do shared e-scooters complement or compete with public transport? A mixed-method review and comparison with bike sharing","authors":"Mahesha Jayawardhena,&nbsp;Alexa Delbosc,&nbsp;Graham Currie,&nbsp;Geoff Rose","doi":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcmr.2025.100057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>E-scooters are one of the latest additions to transport networks in many countries and their popularity is increasing rapidly. A range of studies have been conducted to understand the relationship between e-scooters and public transport. Some found that e-scooters complement public transport, serving as a first mile/last mile access mode, whereas others found that they compete by taking riders away from public transport. The contradictory results of studies in different contexts make it unclear whether results in one city are transferrable to another. This study aims to explore the definitions of ‘complement’ and ‘compete’ in literature and to identify the circumstances where e-scooters complement or compete with public transport using a mixed-method literature review. We combine a systematic literature review of e-scooter papers with a scoping review of bike-share studies to see if the two modes act in a similar manner. Most researchers found that e-scooters tend to complement rail but are more likely to compete with buses. Bike-share behaves in a similar manner, but the competing effect with buses is higher with bike-share than shared e-scooters. Both shared e-scooters and bike-share have a complementary relationship with public transport for commuting and longer trips. Moreover, shared e-scooters have the potential to promote public transport when deployed thoughtfully, but further investigation is needed given the novelty of the field. Further research should focus on a wider variety of cities (particularly outside of Europe and the USA), the reasons behind rider behavior and different ridership patterns and characteristics of personally owned e-scooters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100771,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}