Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics最新文献_第2页

Modelling of the twilight sky brightness using a numerical solution of the radiation transfer equation 用辐射传递方程的数值解模拟黄昏天空亮度

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00175-1

Yu.E. Belikov

引用次数: 7

Solar flux and seasonal variations of the mesopause temperatures at 51°N 太阳通量与51°N中层顶温度的季节变化

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00194-8

Y. Sahai , D.H. Giers , L.L. Cogger , P.R. Fagundes , G.P. Garbe

引用次数: 18

Characteristics of polar cap aurora 极冠极光的特征

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00180-8

M. Ayukawa , K. Makita , H. Yamagishi , M. Ejiri , T. Sakanoi

引用次数: 4

The doppler wind and temperature system of the ALOMAR lidar facility: overview and initial results ALOMAR激光雷达设施的多普勒风和温度系统:概述和初步结果

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00174-3

David Rees , Mikhail Vyssogorets , Nigel P. Meredith , Eoghan Griffin , Yvan Chaxell

{"title":"The doppler wind and temperature system of the ALOMAR lidar facility: overview and initial results","authors":"David Rees , Mikhail Vyssogorets , Nigel P. Meredith , Eoghan Griffin , Yvan Chaxell","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00174-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00174-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) facility is a new and major facility for atmospheric research. It is located at Andøya in Northern Norway. One of the important facilities of ALOMAR is the Doppler Wind and Temperature System (DWTS). The DWTS will determine atmospheric wind and temperature profiles between about 8 and 90 km altitude from the Doppler shift and broadening of the lidar signal Rayleigh back-scattered from the atmosphere. The DWTS uses a double-etalon Fabry-Perot interferometer to perform the high-resolution spectral analysis of the back-scattered lidar signal, and to reject the bright background light from the daytime sky. After spectral analysis, the Fabry-Perot fringes are imaged onto a multi-ring anode imaging photon detector which provides, pulse-by-pulse, time-resolved detection of the spectrum of the laser light back-scattered from the atmosphere. The double-etalon Fabry-Perot interferometer has been designed to detect the returned signal during daytime, and thus summer-time conditions at ALOMAR, as well as during night-time. The entire optical system has been designed to maximise the transmission and detection of light, to make maximum use of the faint signals available from high-altitude regions, up to around 80–90 km. This paper reports on the objectives and design of the ALOMAR DWTS, and presents some initial results obtained during commissioning periods in October 1994 and January 1995.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 16","pages":"Pages 1827-1842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00174-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53072378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

The role of stratospheric minor warmings in producing the total ozone deficiencies over Europe in 1992 and 1993 平流层轻微变暖在1992年和1993年欧洲上空产生总的臭氧不足中的作用

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00177-8

Malgorzata Degórska, Bonawentura Rajewska-Wiech

{"title":"The role of stratospheric minor warmings in producing the total ozone deficiencies over Europe in 1992 and 1993","authors":"Malgorzata Degórska, Bonawentura Rajewska-Wiech","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00177-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00177-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During 1992 and 1993, record low total ozone values were observed over the middle and high northern latitudes. The ozone data from the long-operating station at Belsk, Poland, have been used to examine their departures from climatological behaviour in 1992 and 1993. It seems that not only do the exceptionally low ozone amounts recorded over the northern mid-latitudes need an explanation but also their occurrence for two years in a row. One of the possible mechanisms which may be responsible for this event is suggested to be connected with the occurrence of stratospheric minor warmings. They occur without a breakdown of the polar vortex but only with the displacement of very cold air towards lower latitudes (as in January 1992 and February 1993). It is known that air masses in the polar vortex have been chemically disturbed and, when they arrive over the sunlit middle latitudes, chemical destruction of ozone is likely to occur. During the periods under study, the strongest negative total ozone deviations correspond to strong negative temperature deviations at 30 hPa and to large potential vorticity values; this points to the presence over Europe of air masses of polar vortex origin. It has been shown that the characteristics of mid-winter stratospheric warmings and the interannual variability of winter-spring total ozone averages at Belsk are associated with each other.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 16","pages":"Pages 1855-1862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00177-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53072413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Estimation of initial auroral proton energy fluxes from Doppler profiles 从多普勒谱估计初始极光质子能量通量

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00179-4

F. Sigernes

{"title":"Estimation of initial auroral proton energy fluxes from Doppler profiles","authors":"F. Sigernes","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00179-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00179-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An energetic auroral proton entering the atmosphere will, by charge exchange in collisions with atmospheric constituents, alternate between being a proton H<sup>+</sup> and a neutral hydrogen atom H. This study provides a procedure to evaluate the auroral Doppler shifted and broadened hydrogen Balmer profile as a function of initial energy, flux, pitch angle and view angle relative to the geomagnetic field. The differential proton energy flux entering the atmosphere is deduced using ground-based measurements of H<sub>α</sub> and H<sub>β</sub> from Nordlysstasjonen in Adventdalen, Longyearbyen. The main assumptions are that the geomagnetic field lines are: parallel and vertical, and that the pitch angle of the H/H<sup>+</sup>-particle is preserved in collisions with atmospheric constituents before being thermalized. This numerical method estimates the fate of the auroral H/H<sup>+</sup>-particle in the atmosphere, and from measured Doppler profiles the corresponding incoming particle flux can be deduced. Optimization of the method will continue through extensive use of observational data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 16","pages":"Pages 1871-1883"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00179-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53072788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Modelling of the electron density profile in the lowest part of ionosphere D-region on the basis of radiowave absorption data: 2. Seasonal variations 基于无线电波吸收数据的电离层d区最低部分电子密度分布模拟:季节性的变化

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00116-6

Pl. Mukhtarov, D. Pancheva

引用次数: 0

The thunderstorm-driven diurnal variation of the ELF electromagnetic activity level 雷暴驱动的极低频电磁活动水平日变化

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00156-5

Arnfried Magunia

{"title":"The thunderstorm-driven diurnal variation of the ELF electromagnetic activity level","authors":"Arnfried Magunia","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00156-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00156-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a numerical model which describes the global distribution and the thunderstorm-driven electromagnetic excitation in the <em>extremely low frequency</em>-(ELF) range. The model, in its present stage, builds on the parameterised world-wide distribution and temporal occurrence of thunderstorms and on electromagnetic wave propagation in the Earth-ionosphere cavity. The ionospheric D layer and the surface of the Earth are treated as very good conductors, and the ELF propagation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide is considered to be isotropic but damped. The return strokes are regarded as the only transmitters and for the purpose of a qualitative simulation these strokes are approximated by vertical Hertz dipoles with normalized dipole moments.</p><p>Our model has been checked against data from two full days of ELF observations at a remote field station (located at 50.4° N, 9.3° E). The comparison, while qualitatively satisfactory, has revealed some quantitative limitations of the model which lead to suggestions for its improvement. These include a more accurate description of the world-wide lightning occurrence, with refined spatial and temporal resolution and possibly an account of systematic variations in the lighting dipole moment with respect to geographic latitude and frequency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Pages 1683-1697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00156-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53072190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Handbook of geostationary orbits 地球静止轨道手册

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00190-5

M.J. Rycroft

引用次数: 2

Modelling of the electron density profile in the lowest part of ionosphere D-region on the basis of radiowave absorption data: 1. Theoretical model 基于无线电波吸收数据的电离层d区最低部分电子密度分布模拟:理论模型

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00115-8

Pl. Mukhtarov, D. Pancheva

引用次数: 3