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Radio limb sounding: a technique for measuring global profiles of free electrons in the ionosphere 无线电肢体探测:一种测量电离层中自由电子的全球剖面的技术
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00119-0
N.F. Arnold
{"title":"Radio limb sounding: a technique for measuring global profiles of free electrons in the ionosphere","authors":"N.F. Arnold","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00119-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00119-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A technique is proposed to measure the electron density profile of the ionosphere between 100 and 800 km using a microwave frequency receiver on board a conventional Earth Observations Satellite and a series of transmitters on micro satellites in appropriate orbits. A pair of pulsed frequencies will enable the relative signal delay to be determined and hence the total electron content between the two devices. The vertical profiles of N along the satellite track can be retrieved using a modified form of tomography. Regular global coverage from a single experiment over several years would provide a unique data set for comparison with models of the ionosphere, and also its interaction with the neutral atmosohere and its response to changes in solar activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Pages 1741-1749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00119-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53071593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cosmology—The origin and evolution of cosmic structure 宇宙学——宇宙结构的起源和演化
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(96)80452-1
M.J. Rycroft
{"title":"Cosmology—The origin and evolution of cosmic structure","authors":"M.J. Rycroft","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80452-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80452-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Pages 1818-1819"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(96)80452-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53073643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 82
A comparison of ionization densities determined from spacecraft and incoherent scatter radar data 由航天器和非相干散射雷达数据测定的电离密度的比较
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00200-6
N.J. Miller , J.M. Grebowsky , W.R. Hoegy , K.K. Mahajan
{"title":"A comparison of ionization densities determined from spacecraft and incoherent scatter radar data","authors":"N.J. Miller ,&nbsp;J.M. Grebowsky ,&nbsp;W.R. Hoegy ,&nbsp;K.K. Mahajan","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00200-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00200-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By comparing direct measurements taken from onboard Atmosphere Explorer spacecraft (AE), in eccentric orbit, with incoherent scatter radar (ISR) measurements taken from the ground, we illustrate both the merits and the difficulties involved in such comparisons. Five altitude profiles of ionization determined from AE, in near coincidence with ground stations making ISR measurements, compared favorably with the ISR data so long as the AE measurements were properly analyzed for the effects of variations in latitude and solar zenith angle along the spacecraft orbit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Pages 1735-1740"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00200-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53072501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere: A review of experiment and theory 上层中间层和下层热层:实验和理论综述
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(96)80446-6
M.J. Rycroft
{"title":"The upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere: A review of experiment and theory","authors":"M.J. Rycroft","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80446-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80446-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Page 1816"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(96)80446-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53073495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Introduction to space physics 空间物理概论
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(96)80448-X
E.E. Antonova
{"title":"Introduction to space physics","authors":"E.E. Antonova","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80448-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80448-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Page 1817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(96)80448-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"103231176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Lightning transient fields in the atmosphere—low ionosphere 大气低层电离层中的闪电瞬变场
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00154-9
A.I. Sukhorukov
{"title":"Lightning transient fields in the atmosphere—low ionosphere","authors":"A.I. Sukhorukov","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00154-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00154-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The complexity of the electric properties of the atmosphere, which influences the excitation and propagation of electromagnetic signals generated by lightning discharges, gives rise to a diversity of the typical signal wave forms and amplitudes in the various space-time domains. This causes difficulties and controversies in the interpretation of the experimental data. In geophysical problems of such a kind, considerations accounting for a broadband spectrum are particularly important.</p><p>In the present paper, lightning induced ULF-VLF fields in the daytime inhomogeneous atmosphere and D-region of the ionosphere above the thundercloud are analyzed for a standard model of the vertical return stroke. The developed analytical approach makes it possible to unite the canonical model of the electromagnetic radiation into a free-half-space, the discharge (ELF-VLF spectrum) and ‘post-discharge’ (ULF spectrum) low-frequency models and to clarify the temporal scales in the mechanism of lightning coupling with the atmosphere and low ionosphere with respect to the local relaxation time, discharge characteristic time scales and observer location.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Pages 1711-1720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00154-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53072161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Atmospheric CO2 changes at Mauna Loa, Hawaii 夏威夷莫纳罗亚的大气二氧化碳变化
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(95)00193-X
R.P. Kane, E.R. de Paula
{"title":"Atmospheric CO2 changes at Mauna Loa, Hawaii","authors":"R.P. Kane,&nbsp;E.R. de Paula","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00193-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(95)00193-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 12-month running mean series of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> directly measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, showed highly significant periodicities near <em>T</em> = 14, 8, 5, 3–4 years. This CO<sub>2</sub> series also showed a significant oscillation at <em>T</em> = 2.56 years which matches with <em>T</em> = 2.6 years of the Southern Oscillation (SO) index but not with the QBO (<em>T</em> = 2.33 and 2.68 years) of the stratospheric zonal wind. On the other hand, the yearly range (maximum minus minimum) series of CO<sub>2</sub> showed periodicities <em>T</em> = 2.45 and 2.75 years (significant at the 2 sigma level) which seem similar to those of the stratospheric wind QBO (<em>T</em> = 2.33 and 2.68 years). No evidence was found for a 11 year (solar cycle) component.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Pages 1673-1681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(95)00193-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53072485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Advances in environmental remote sensing 环境遥感研究进展
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(96)80444-2
M.J. Rycroft
{"title":"Advances in environmental remote sensing","authors":"M.J. Rycroft","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80444-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80444-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Page 1815"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(96)80444-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53073473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robotic observatories 机器人天文台
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(96)80451-X
M.J. Rycroft
{"title":"Robotic observatories","authors":"M.J. Rycroft","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80451-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80451-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Page 1818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(96)80451-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53073634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Space plasmas: Coupling between small and medium scale processes 空间等离子体:中小尺度过程之间的耦合
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 1996-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(96)80447-8
M.J. Rycroft
{"title":"Space plasmas: Coupling between small and medium scale processes","authors":"M.J. Rycroft","doi":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80447-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0021-9169(96)80447-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics","volume":"58 15","pages":"Pages 1816-1817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0021-9169(96)80447-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53073512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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