Indoor Environments最新文献

{"title":"Cognition, economic decision-making, and physiological response to carbon dioxide","authors":"Stefan Flagner ,&nbsp;Thomas Meissner ,&nbsp;Steffen Künn ,&nbsp;Piet Eichholtz ,&nbsp;Nils Kok ,&nbsp;Rick Kramer ,&nbsp;Wouter van Marken-Lichtenbelt ,&nbsp;Cynthia Ly ,&nbsp;Guy Plasqui","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the isolated effect of carbon dioxide on cognition, economic decision-making, and the physiological response in healthy adults. The experiment took place in an air-tight respiration chamber controlling the environmental conditions. In a single-blind, within-subject study design, 20 healthy participants were exposed to artificially induced carbon dioxide concentrations of 3,000 ppm and 900 ppm in randomized order, with each exposure lasting for 8 h. A high ventilation rate and an air pollutant filter were used to keep concentrations of volatile organic compounds and fine particles equally low in both conditions. Cognition tests were conducted twice during the 8 h and physiological parameters were measured continuously over the 8 h. No evidence on a robust statistically significant effect of carbon dioxide on either cognitive or physiological outcome variables were found. These findings imply that the human body is able to deal with exposure to indoor carbon dioxide concentration of 3,000 ppm for a limited time without suffering significant cognitive decline, changes in decision-making or showing any physiological response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal air cleaning by a user-tracking robot equipped with a nanofiber air cleaner in a large work space","authors":"Chengzhong Deng ,&nbsp;Zhuolun Niu ,&nbsp;Chun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In large work spaces, such as logistics warehouses, implementing whole-space air cleaning to protect the workers’ health can be costly. To tackle this issue, the present study developed a user-tracking robot equipped with a nanofiber air cleaner to achieve personal air cleaning for a moving worker in a large work space. First, nanofiber air filters with low pressure drop were fabricated using the electrospinning technique. An air cleaner with a deflector for directing the airflow towards the user’s breathing zone and the nanofiber air filters was assembled and then integrated into a user-tracking robot. Experiments were conducted to measure the clean air delivery rate (CADR) of the nanofiber air cleaner, evaluate the accuracy of the user-tracking algorithm, and determine the optimal deflector setup and user-to-robot distance. Field tests were conducted to evaluate the personal air cleaning performance of the proposed method by comparison with a stationary nanofiber air cleaner. The results show that the user-tracking algorithm of the user-tracking robot was accurate, with an average absolute error in the user-to-robot distance of 4 cm. The user-tracking robot with nanofiber air cleaner outperformed the stationary nanofiber air cleaner by reducing the concentration of 0.3–0.4 μm particles in the breathing zone of the user by 16.4 %. Furthermore, compared with commercial panel-type high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, the use of nanofiber air filters can extend the battery service life, consequently facilitating the practical application of the moving robot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143285892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Towards equitable and sustainable indoor air quality guidelines – A perspective on mandating indoor air quality for public buildings” [Indoor Environ. 2 1 (2025) 100070]","authors":"Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy ,&nbsp;Marzenna R. Dudzinska ,&nbsp;Samy Clinchard ,&nbsp;Sani Dimitroulopoulou ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Fan ,&nbsp;Piet Jacobs ,&nbsp;Henna Maula ,&nbsp;Amelia Staszowska ,&nbsp;Oluyemi Toyinbo ,&nbsp;Ju-Hyeong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclone negative pressure pump for efficient purification of airborne contaminants","authors":"Gihyun Song ,&nbsp;Kyungcheol Jang ,&nbsp;Woobin Song ,&nbsp;Wonchul Choi ,&nbsp;Simon Song ,&nbsp;Hyoungsoo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining an isolation room with negative pressure is crucial in medical facilities to prevent the spread of airborne infections, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, conventional negative pressure pumps have limitations in gathering suspended particles and controlling the airflow effectively. To resolve this issue, we developed a novel class of negative pressure pump that creates a swirling cyclone flow at the front to efficiently collect pollutants and particles, which was confirmed by a smoke visualization experiment. Based on the prototype pump, we conducted a numerical analysis to evaluate the particle collection performance of the cyclone pump in various scenarios, including patients covered with contaminants, and coughing or breathing. Our results demonstrate that the cyclone pump can purify airborne pollutants by up to 80%, offering superior performance over conventional pumps. We also identified optimal pump placement for effective particle purification. This research provides an innovative solution for improving the efficiency of negative pressure pumps and ventilation systems in medical settings, contributing to better control of airborne infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dwelling overheating in risk in cool climates: Assessing the risk in the context of retrofit and climate change in Ireland","authors":"M. Mulville ,&nbsp;S. Harrington ,&nbsp;C. Li ,&nbsp;K. Raushan ,&nbsp;E. Essien-Thompson ,&nbsp;C. Ahern","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2025.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of large-scale retrofit and the predicted impacts of climate change, overheating risk in dwellings in cool climates is an increasing cause for concern. This review-based paper, supported by Dynamic Simulation Modelling, explores the magnitude of overheating risk in dwellings in a cool climate, identifying and quantifying dwelling typologies most at risk. Key contributory factors to overheating, including typology and characteristics, specification and design (including the role of retrofit), internal factors and occupant activities and external conditions are reviewed and existing regulatory frameworks assessed, to highlight potential limitations. Building upon this, the paper makes the case for the use of robust Dynamic Simulation Modelling supported by localised weather files accounting for the Urban Heat Island effect and occupant behaviour. In addition, the paper, for the first time, reviews the future building simulation weather files from Ireland’s National Meteorological service highlighting the potential impact of climate change on overheating projections. The files predict increased ambient temperatures and solar radiation along with a shift in the peak design month (from July to August), with reductions in mean wind speeds over time. Unlike other climate locations, the diurnal temperature swing into the future is not predicted to reduce, supporting the use of thermal mass to mitigate overheating. Middle, top-floor apartments and compact dwellings are at increased overheating risk as are more modern (thermally) or deep retrofitted dwellings. For Ireland, up to 10 % of the existing occupied stock may be at risk of overheating, potentially impacting upon 519,200 individuals. This percentage is likely to increase over time. The findings have implications for housing in cool climates where large investments are being made in national retrofit strategies that could exacerbate the problem if not considered alongside overheating mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetries in global building envelope air infiltration and tightness data: Exploring knowledge gaps for accurate energy analyses","authors":"Rana Raafat ,&nbsp;Sherif Goubran ,&nbsp;Nahla N. Makhlouf ,&nbsp;Mohsen Aboulnaga","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air infiltration is one of the leading causes of energy loss and heat gain in indoor building spaces. It significantly burdens energy use for heating and cooling, affects indoor comfort and air quality, and increases CO2 emissions, intensifying climate change. While extensive field test results have been reported in the literature, this paper aims to investigate the comprehensiveness of this published data. The research synthesizes published field test data from more than 60 sources to provide benchmark infiltration values for different building typologies, construction methods, and climate zones. Additionally, climate data estimates the average energy burden of infiltration across various climate zones. The analysis highlights critical gaps in envelope infiltration data collection for non-residential buildings and significant gaps in geographic regions outside Europe, the U.S.A., and Canada. This paper presents three main guiding questions addressing key research gaps related to air infiltration in buildings and its impact on energy performance and indoor comfort. The proposed questions and answers aim to build upon existing knowledge, provide valuable insights for ongoing and future research, and inspire exploration into innovative strategies for improving building energy efficiency and occupant well-being. It also provides a list of actionable recommendations for air infiltration testing and research to address the now-apparent gaps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards equitable and sustainable indoor air quality guidelines − A perspective on mandating indoor air quality for public buildings","authors":"Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy ,&nbsp;Marzenna R. Dudzinska ,&nbsp;Samy Clinchard ,&nbsp;Sani Dimitroulopoulou ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Fan ,&nbsp;Piet Jacobs ,&nbsp;Henna Maula ,&nbsp;Amelia Staszowska ,&nbsp;Oluyemi Toyinbo ,&nbsp;Ju-Hyeong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A recent article published in Science urges mandatory indoor air quality (IAQ) standards in public spaces, focusing on protecting public health, especially against diseases such as COVID-19, but also IAQ in general (<em>1</em>). Given the significance of this topic to our society, this short communication aims to provide commentary on the article and further discuss the importance of establishing IAQ standards. Citing a lack of legislated standards globally, the authors (<em>1</em>) propose numerical limits for four IAQ parameters: particulate matter (PM_2.5), carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), and ventilation rate (VR). While recognizing that most of the countries do not have any mandatory IAQ standards, it is also noteworthy that IAQ regulations or guidelines exist in more than 40 countries. We like to emphasize that successful IAQ management requires recognizing, sharing, and reviewing openly available, existing regulations and guidelines, while adapting them to regional characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) framework for exposure from toilet flushing using experimental aerosol concentration measurements","authors":"Ciara A. Higham ,&nbsp;Martín López-García ,&nbsp;Catherine J. Noakes ,&nbsp;Emma Tidswell ,&nbsp;Louise Fletcher","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Flushing a toilet generates aerosols potentially containing microorganisms, serving as a transmission route for pathogens, notably gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. Despite identification of aerosols and positive microbial sampling, there is a lack of quantitative assessments linking aerosol generation to infection risk in toilet settings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We develop a framework to evaluate the infection risk to a second susceptible individual using a shared toilet following faecal shedding and flush aerosolisation by an infected individual. Experimental measurements of particle concentrations from a toilet flush in a controlled chamber are combined with a model using Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) methods. We demonstrate the approach for SARS-CoV-2 and norovirus, examining model sensitivity and how adding cubicle space and varying occupancy times affect risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The model suggests non-negligible infection risk from the toilet plume, particularly for pathogens with higher concentrations in faeces. The model suggests norovirus could have a 2 times greater maximum infection risk than SARS-CoV-2. Mean and median risks for all scenarios decreased when the second individual entered 60 s post-flush compared to 0 s. Occupancy times had less impact on risk compared to the timing of entry post-flush.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>To mitigate infection risk from shared toilets, ventilating the room before entering is crucial. Allowing time between toilet usages may be more effective compared to reducing occupancy times. Models provide valuable insights into relative impacts of measures and comparison between pathogens, but improved quantitative data is needed, particularly in higher risk scenarios (e.g. hospitals, public events), to quantify absolute risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Energy retrofits: Factors affecting a just transition to better indoor air quality” [Indoor Environ. 1 (4) (2024) 100058]","authors":"Ann Marie Coggins ,&nbsp;Victoria Hogan ,&nbsp;Asit Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Daniel Norton ,&nbsp;Declan Foster ,&nbsp;Nina Wemken ,&nbsp;Hilary Cowie ,&nbsp;Edel Doherty","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidance to investigate university students’ bodily responses and perceptual assessments in sound exposure experiments","authors":"Amneh Hamida ,&nbsp;Alessandro D'Amico ,&nbsp;AnneMarie Eijkelenboom ,&nbsp;Philomena M. Bluyssen","doi":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indenv.2024.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have shown that sound influences students both physiologically and perceptually. However, most of these studies focussed on the effects of sounds at group-level, ignoring individual differences. Therefore, we investigated which indicators can be used to identify differences in bodily responses and perceptual assessments of each individual when exposed to four different sounds. First, based on an audiometric test, the hearing acuity of 15 students (from five different profiles based on their acoustical preferences and needs) was measured. Then, two sound exposure experiments were conducted in the SenseLab: direct sound exposure using earbuds in a laboratory setting, and indirect sound exposure with speakers in a real room setting. During each experiment, the attention level (AL), mental relaxation level (MRL), heart rate (HR), and respiration rate (RR) were measured with wearable devices, and students made perceptual assessments of each condition. The percentage of change normalised the four bodily response measurements among students. Based on correlation analysis and t-tests, bodily responses, and perceptual assessments across experiments were compared, at group-level and individual-level. Six students, who suffered from mild hearing loss in low-frequency sounds, showed bodily responses such as increased HR during exposure to low-frequency sound conditions. Perceptual assessments of different sound types during both lab experiments substantiated the acoustical preferences of the students from the five profiles. Bodily responses showed no strong nor significant correlations with perceptual assessments during the direct sound exposure experiments. Differences in bodily responses and perceptual assessments between the two experiments and between group-level and individual-level were observed in AL. It is concluded that hearing acuity and type of sound (sound frequencies) are key indicators for identifying differences in bodily responses (such as HR and RR) and perceptual assessment. For future research, it is crucial to consider incorporating audiometric tests, bodily responses such as HR and RR, and perceptual assessments in this type of investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100665,"journal":{"name":"Indoor Environments","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}