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Anthrax knowledge, perception, and preventive practices of livestock workers and household animal owners in Nigeria 尼日利亚畜牧工人和家庭动物主人的炭疽知识、认知和预防措施
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100073
Eniola Cadmus , Hezekiah K. Adesokan , Emmanuel J. Awosanya , Paul M. Iziomo , Victor O. Akinseye , Mathias A. Besong , Adeyemi O. Jolaoso , Nma Bida Alhaji , Okuonghae O. Pere-ere , Ephraim Nwanga , Terese G. Orum , Ayokunle O. Omileye , Adeola A. Adeleye , Samuel Owoicho , Olalekan J. Taiwo , Rashid Ansumana , Columba Vakuru , Simeon I. Cadmus
{"title":"Anthrax knowledge, perception, and preventive practices of livestock workers and household animal owners in Nigeria","authors":"Eniola Cadmus ,&nbsp;Hezekiah K. Adesokan ,&nbsp;Emmanuel J. Awosanya ,&nbsp;Paul M. Iziomo ,&nbsp;Victor O. Akinseye ,&nbsp;Mathias A. Besong ,&nbsp;Adeyemi O. Jolaoso ,&nbsp;Nma Bida Alhaji ,&nbsp;Okuonghae O. Pere-ere ,&nbsp;Ephraim Nwanga ,&nbsp;Terese G. Orum ,&nbsp;Ayokunle O. Omileye ,&nbsp;Adeola A. Adeleye ,&nbsp;Samuel Owoicho ,&nbsp;Olalekan J. Taiwo ,&nbsp;Rashid Ansumana ,&nbsp;Columba Vakuru ,&nbsp;Simeon I. Cadmus","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Anthrax outbreaks pose significant public health and socioeconomic challenges. Following the recent outbreaks, a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge, risk perception, and preventive practices of livestock workers and household animal owners regarding anthrax and the associated socioeconomic implications in Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A pretested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. A total of 1025 respondents from seven of the 36 states in Nigeria were selected and assessed on the basis of reported anthrax outbreaks, bordering with affected states, and livestock presence. Univariate analysis was conducted, and chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used to assess significant associations between knowledge, risk perception, and independent variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 1025 respondents, 58.6 % and 79.9 % demonstrated adequate knowledge (score ≥36 of 72) and positive perception (score ≥15 of 24), respectively. Notably, 22 % had never taken any preventive measures against anthrax, and only 27.7 % knew about the anthrax vaccination program for livestock. Exactly 23.8 % indicated that regulations imposed during the anthrax outbreak affected their livestock-related activities, while 40.6 % expressed concern about potentially going out of business because of the anthrax outbreak. Respondents’ knowledge was significantly associated with awareness (adjusted odds ratio: 5.35; 95 % confidence interval: 3.12–9.18).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the need for targeted educational programs to bridge knowledge and risk perception gaps and improve preventive practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biosecurity practices in commercial chicken farms: Contributing factors for zoonotic pathogen spread 商业养鸡场的生物安全措施:人畜共患病原体传播的促成因素
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100072
Saima Akter , Sumon Ghosh , Sajal Kanti Biswas , Tushar Kumar Das , Nurun Nahar Chisty , Sirajul Islam Sagor , Suman Das Gupta , M. Salim Uzzaman , Ajit Kumar Karna , Faisol Talukdar , Sukanta Chowdhury
{"title":"Biosecurity practices in commercial chicken farms: Contributing factors for zoonotic pathogen spread","authors":"Saima Akter ,&nbsp;Sumon Ghosh ,&nbsp;Sajal Kanti Biswas ,&nbsp;Tushar Kumar Das ,&nbsp;Nurun Nahar Chisty ,&nbsp;Sirajul Islam Sagor ,&nbsp;Suman Das Gupta ,&nbsp;M. Salim Uzzaman ,&nbsp;Ajit Kumar Karna ,&nbsp;Faisol Talukdar ,&nbsp;Sukanta Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Infectious diseases pose significant challenges to poultry production, with biosecurity measures crucial in disease prevention. This study aims to assess biosecurity practices across various commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh, offering valuable insights for improving disease prevention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between July and December 2021, a survey was carried out across eight country divisions, encompassing 4846 commercial farms. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and a biosecurity scoring system was developed to evaluate the level of biosecurity implementation on farms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall mean biosecurity status of commercial chicken farms was 52.7. Layer chicken farms exhibited better biosecurity scores (mean score: 55.9) than Sonali (mean score: 50) and broiler chicken farms (mean score: 53). Internal biosecurity practices (mean: 57.9) were generally better than external biosecurity practices (mean: 47.5). Among internal biosecurity measures, flock management scored highest (mean: 90.4), while dead bird and waste management scored lowest (mean: 41.7). Regarding external biosecurity, visitor access control was relatively strong (mean: 86.4), whereas farm location, infrastructure, wild and domestic bird management, and vehicle access management were identified as poor. Layer chicken farms had better vaccination practices (mean score: 85) than broiler and Sonali farms (mean score: 29).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study’s findings highlighted the biosecurity status of commercial chicken farms, providing useful insights for further improvement. Strengthening biosecurity in commercial chicken farms improves poultry health and farm productivity and is crucial for reducing the transmission of zoonotic pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A rabid cow bites the hand that feeds it 患狂犬病的牛会咬喂它的手
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100071
Naseem Salahuddin , M. Aftab Gohar , Ammad Fahim
{"title":"A rabid cow bites the hand that feeds it","authors":"Naseem Salahuddin ,&nbsp;M. Aftab Gohar ,&nbsp;Ammad Fahim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A possibly rabid dog bit the farmer’s cow, which developed rabies, and, in turn, accidentally bit the farmer. Fortunately, the farmer was informed about the risk of cow-transmitted rabies and took precautions by visiting a rabies prevention center where he received appropriate treatment, including wound cleaning and a quality vaccine. Rabies immune globulin was not necessary because he had been previously vaccinated against rabies; a booster dose was enough to trigger the anamnestic response. After receiving two doses of the vaccine intradermally, he developed protective antibodies. A total of 3 weeks after the bite, the cow demonstrated altered behavior and died. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction on biopsy of the cow’s brain subsequently confirmed the presence of rabies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a rabid cow biting a human. Timely intervention with proper postexposure prophylaxis saved the cow bite victim from rabies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rabies outbreak on a goat farm in a suburb of Cape Coast, Ghana: An epidemiologic investigation 在加纳海岸角郊区的一个山羊农场爆发狂犬病:流行病学调查
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100070
Sherry Ama Mawuko Johnson , Theophilus Odoom , Rahama Abdulai Abubakari , Ayodeji Ayotunde Oni , Kingsley Kwabena Amoako , Gilbert Osei , Joseph Larr Dute , Allen Okine , William Tasiame
{"title":"Rabies outbreak on a goat farm in a suburb of Cape Coast, Ghana: An epidemiologic investigation","authors":"Sherry Ama Mawuko Johnson ,&nbsp;Theophilus Odoom ,&nbsp;Rahama Abdulai Abubakari ,&nbsp;Ayodeji Ayotunde Oni ,&nbsp;Kingsley Kwabena Amoako ,&nbsp;Gilbert Osei ,&nbsp;Joseph Larr Dute ,&nbsp;Allen Okine ,&nbsp;William Tasiame","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease that affects approximately 60,000 individuals worldwide each year. Although rabies can infect all warm-blooded animals, its occurrence in goats is relatively rare. This study investigated and reports a rabies outbreak on a goat farm in Ghana.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A 10-month-old Boer goat was presented to a teaching hospital exhibiting ataxia and paddling movements, and it succumbed to the disease a day after presentation. Farm records indicated that 14 out of 57 goats had died within a month, but all were buried without laboratory testing or diagnosis. A guard dog on the farm, which consumed the carcass of one of the affected goats, died 13 days post-consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Brain tissues from both animals were tested for rabies using conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and both tested positive for rabies infection. The outbreak was managed on the farm through the immediate administration of anti-rabies vaccinations to the remaining goats and post-exposure prophylaxis to attendants who had been exposed through handling.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>To the best of our knowledge this represents the first reported outbreak of rabies in goats in Ghana, underscoring the need for enhanced surveillance and public education to safeguard lives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “How a private organization in Pakistan initiated One Health Project to eliminate rabies” [IJID One Health 1 (2023) 100011] “巴基斯坦一家私营组织如何发起一个健康项目以消除狂犬病”的勘误表[IJID One Health 1 (2023) 100011]
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100069
Naseem Salahuddin , M. Aftab Gohar , Naila Baig-Ansari , Rabia Khan , M. Abdullah Qureshi , Kausar SK , Rashna Spencer Karanjia , Sara Salman , Isma Gheewala
{"title":"Corrigendum to “How a private organization in Pakistan initiated One Health Project to eliminate rabies” [IJID One Health 1 (2023) 100011]","authors":"Naseem Salahuddin ,&nbsp;M. Aftab Gohar ,&nbsp;Naila Baig-Ansari ,&nbsp;Rabia Khan ,&nbsp;M. Abdullah Qureshi ,&nbsp;Kausar SK ,&nbsp;Rashna Spencer Karanjia ,&nbsp;Sara Salman ,&nbsp;Isma Gheewala","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The silent threat of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: an epidemiologic analysis from five key high-risk regions of Afghanistan (2018–2024) 克里米亚-刚果出血热的无声威胁:2018-2024年阿富汗五大高危地区的流行病学分析
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100067
Enayatullah Hamdard , Ahmadullah Zahir , Naqibullah Mujadidi , Nooruddin Himmat
{"title":"The silent threat of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: an epidemiologic analysis from five key high-risk regions of Afghanistan (2018–2024)","authors":"Enayatullah Hamdard ,&nbsp;Ahmadullah Zahir ,&nbsp;Naqibullah Mujadidi ,&nbsp;Nooruddin Himmat","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Afghanistan’s struggle with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is intensified by limited diagnostic and preventive resources. This study analyzed national surveillance data from five regions (2018–2024), focusing on the Eid-al-Adha months (2022–2024), and examined demographics, occupations, public awareness, and 2024 summer trends.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study presents findings from a retrospective analysis of regional CCHF surveillance data from 2018 to 2024, analyzed using SPSS 23 and Power BI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2018 to December 2024, Afghanistan recorded 4445 suspected and 944 confirmed CCHF cases, with a case fatality rate of 20.6% (i.e. 195 deaths). Annual confirmed cases were 139 in 2018, 167 in 2019, 178 in 2020, 189 in 2021, 15 in 2022, 114 in 2023, and 142 in 2024. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and immunoglobulin M antibody tests identified 20.45% of confirmed cases, with the highest death toll in 2018. From 2022–2024, 712 cases occurred during the Eid-al-Adha months, causing 61 deaths, peaking in 2023 with 313 cases and 30 deaths. In 2024, June had the most cases (204, case fatality rate 13%) and October had the least (47 cases, case fatality rate 8.5%). Of the confirmed cases, 66% were male and 34% were female. Occupations with the highest exposure included housewives (13.5%), shepherds (11.9%), butchers (8.7%), health staff (4.6%), students (3.4%), and animal dealers/farmers (7.3%). In addition, 21.16% were unemployed, and occupational data were missing for 29.3%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The increase in CCHF outbreaks in Afghanistan from 2018 to 2024 highlights the challenges in disease awareness and testing capacity. Early intervention is crucial for containing outbreaks in affected regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Visual dysfunction and sudden onset symptoms leading to early detection of tick-borne infections: A case report” [IJID One Health 4 (2024) 100036] “视觉功能障碍和突发性症状导致蜱传感染的早期发现:一例报告”的勘误表[IJID One Health 4 (2024) 100036]
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100068
Ayra I. Sayyed , William V. Padula
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Visual dysfunction and sudden onset symptoms leading to early detection of tick-borne infections: A case report” [IJID One Health 4 (2024) 100036]","authors":"Ayra I. Sayyed ,&nbsp;William V. Padula","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identifying features of sustainability in global health security assessment tools – A document analysis of the IHR JEE and the WOAH PVS 确定全球卫生安全评估工具的可持续性特征--对国际卫生条例 JEE 和世界卫生组织 PVS 的文件分析
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100066
Osman A. Dar , Max Claron , Hadjer Nacer
{"title":"Identifying features of sustainability in global health security assessment tools – A document analysis of the IHR JEE and the WOAH PVS","authors":"Osman A. Dar ,&nbsp;Max Claron ,&nbsp;Hadjer Nacer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study evaluates the incorporation of sustainability as a concept within global health security capacity assessment tools from a One Health perspective. Focusing on the International Health Regulations Joint External Evaluation and the World Organization for Animal Health Performance of Veterinary Services—the most widely used and standardized health security capacity assessment tools worldwide—we conducted a study to identify and categorize explicit and implicit references to sustainability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using the principles of a content analysis approach, we identified and characterized references to sustainability in the International Health Regulations Joint External Evaluation and the World Organization for Animal Health Performance of Veterinary Services tools. The READ (<strong>r</strong>eady materials, i.e. document selection and identifying data, <strong>e</strong>xtracting data, <strong>a</strong>nalyzing data, <strong>d</strong>istilling findings) approach for document analysis was used to provide a framework and guiding questions to systematically extract relevant text, analyze data, and draw conclusions from the two documents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicate that sustainability is inconsistently defined and applied across technical and core competency areas. Most references to sustainability are related to organizational capacity, notably, in biosafety, biosecurity, and laboratory systems, and lack comprehensive measures for wildlife and ecosystem/environment health, community engagement, and multisectoral partnerships.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study underscores the necessity for a standardized, holistic integration of sustainability as a concept within health security assessment frameworks, adhering to One Health principles, to enhance the long-term effectiveness and resilience of health systems and foster intersectoral collaboration for improved global health security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Serovar typing and risk factors of Leptospira infection in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran: An exploratory study, with a worldwide update of Leptospira infections in camels 伊朗锡斯坦和俾路支斯坦地区单峰骆驼(Camelus dromedarius)钩端螺旋体感染的血清型分型和危险因素:一项探索性研究,包括全球骆驼钩端螺旋体感染的最新情况
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100065
Roxana Sarabandi , Ali Sarani , Mehdi Rasekh , Soheil Sadr , Gholamreza Abdollahpour , Shakiba Nazemian , Mahdis Khajehmohammadi , Hassan Borji
{"title":"Serovar typing and risk factors of Leptospira infection in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran: An exploratory study, with a worldwide update of Leptospira infections in camels","authors":"Roxana Sarabandi ,&nbsp;Ali Sarani ,&nbsp;Mehdi Rasekh ,&nbsp;Soheil Sadr ,&nbsp;Gholamreza Abdollahpour ,&nbsp;Shakiba Nazemian ,&nbsp;Mahdis Khajehmohammadi ,&nbsp;Hassan Borji","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Leptospirosis is a significant zoonotic disease of camels that poses an economic burden on livestock industries worldwide. Hence, the present study investigated the serovars and risk factors of <em>Leptospira</em> infection in camels in the Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran, and compared it with the incidence and prevalence of <em>Leptospira</em> infection in camels worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 150 serum samples were collected from the camel population of Sistan and Baluchestan provinces, southeast of Iran, from the fall and winter of 2022 to the spring of 2023. The samples were then sent to the <em>Leptospira</em> Research Laboratory at the University of Tehran for the microscopic agglutination test. Results were compared against <em>Leptospira</em> infection seroprevalence and epidemiology from other worldwide studies on <em>Leptospira</em> infection in camels to ascertain the significance of these zoonoses in Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to the results, 2 % of serum samples (3/150) were positive for <em>Leptospira</em> infections, and 4 % (6/150) were suspicious, with &lt;1:100 titers. Moreover, of the three positive samples, two demonstrated reactivity to serovar Pomona, whereas the other positive sample demonstrated reactivity with serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae in the microscopic agglutination test. No significant difference in the prevalence of infection based on sex or age of camels was observed. The worldwide epidemiologic study of <em>Leptospira</em> infection in camels shows that the disease varies significantly in different regions regarding infection rates and pathogens.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of this study indicate that <em>Leptospira</em> infection continues to be a significant threat to livestock health management in Iran. To control <em>Leptospira</em> infection in camels, there is a need for systematic monitoring and more comprehensive research to identify environmental and management factors that affect its spread.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring anthrax risk and prevention: A One Health approach for assessment of human, animal, and environmental interactions 探索炭疽风险和预防:评估人类、动物和环境相互作用的同一健康方法
IJID One Health Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100060
Hari Ram Choudhary , Anukampa Senapati , Matrujyoti Pattnaik , Amiya Ranjan Mohanta , Debaprasad Parai , Sandhya Rani Jena , Biren Kumar Padhy , Partha Sarathi Patra , Arun Kumar Padhi , Swati Pattnaik , Santosh Kumar Panigrahi , Kishore Chandra Behera , Susmita Kumari Sahu , Y Selvamani , Alex Joseph , Tanveer Rehman , Sanghamitra Pati , Debdutta Bhattacharya
{"title":"Exploring anthrax risk and prevention: A One Health approach for assessment of human, animal, and environmental interactions","authors":"Hari Ram Choudhary ,&nbsp;Anukampa Senapati ,&nbsp;Matrujyoti Pattnaik ,&nbsp;Amiya Ranjan Mohanta ,&nbsp;Debaprasad Parai ,&nbsp;Sandhya Rani Jena ,&nbsp;Biren Kumar Padhy ,&nbsp;Partha Sarathi Patra ,&nbsp;Arun Kumar Padhi ,&nbsp;Swati Pattnaik ,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar Panigrahi ,&nbsp;Kishore Chandra Behera ,&nbsp;Susmita Kumari Sahu ,&nbsp;Y Selvamani ,&nbsp;Alex Joseph ,&nbsp;Tanveer Rehman ,&nbsp;Sanghamitra Pati ,&nbsp;Debdutta Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijidoh.2025.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by <em>Bacillus anthracis</em>, a spore-forming bacterium that can infect both animals and humans. As a part of the One Health approach to eliminate human anthrax in an endemic district in Odisha, India. This baseline survey investigates knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding anthrax and identifies risky behavior prior to intervention implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 3132 respondents (1560 from Koraput and 1572 from Sundargarh) by using a multistage random sampling method. Data were gathered through structured interviews focusing on socio-demographics, livestock ownership, and KAP related to anthrax prevention and management. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with anthrax knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant knowledge gaps were identified, with only 12.14 % of respondents in Koraput and 7.96 % in Sundargarh aware of anthrax. Knowledge of symptoms, transmission, and prevention was low across both districts. Misconceptions regarding vaccination were prevalent, and risky practices, such as consuming potentially infected meat, were common. Regression analysis indicated that education and age are significant predictors of anthrax knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study identifies critical knowledge gaps and risky practices related to anthrax in the Sundargarh and Koraput districts. Targeted educational campaigns and enhanced veterinary services are needed to mitigate anthrax risk and improve public health based on the One Health approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100655,"journal":{"name":"IJID One Health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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