IET Quantum Communication最新文献_第4页

Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning for quantum communication applications 人工智能和机器学习在量子通信应用方面的进展

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12094

Mhlambululi Mafu

{"title":"Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning for quantum communication applications","authors":"Mhlambululi Mafu","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12094","DOIUrl":"10.1049/qtc2.12094","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) and classical machine learning (ML) techniques have revolutionised numerous fields, including quantum communication. Quantum communication technologies rely heavily on quantum resources, which can be challenging to produce, control, and maintain effectively to ensure optimum performance. ML has recently been applied to quantum communication and networks to mitigate noise-induced errors and analyse quantum protocols. The authors systematically review state-of-the-art ML applications to advance theoretical and experimental central quantum communication protocols, specifically quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, quantum secret sharing, and quantum networks. Specifically, the authors survey the progress on how ML and, more broadly, AI techniques have been applied to optimise various components of a quantum communication system. This has resulted in ultra-secure quantum communication protocols with optimised key generation rates as well as efficient and robust quantum networks. Integrating AI and ML techniques opens intriguing prospects for securing and facilitating efficient and reliable large-scale communication between multiple parties. Most significantly, large-scale communication networks have the potential to gradually develop the maturity of a future quantum internet.","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 3","pages":"202-231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

End-to-end demonstration for CubeSatellite quantum key distribution 立方体卫星量子密钥分发的端到端演示

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12093

Peide Zhang, Jaya Sagar, Elliott Hastings, Milan Stefko, Siddarth Joshi, John Rarity

{"title":"End-to-end demonstration for CubeSatellite quantum key distribution","authors":"Peide Zhang, Jaya Sagar, Elliott Hastings, Milan Stefko, Siddarth Joshi, John Rarity","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/qtc2.12093","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a method of ensuring security using the laws of physics, avoiding the risks inherent in cryptosystems protected by computational complexity. Here, the authors investigate the feasibility of satellite-based quantum key exchange using low-cost compact nano-satellites. The first prototype of system level quantum key distribution aimed at the Cube satellite scenario is demonstrated. It consists of a transmitter payload, a ground receiver and simulated free space channel to verify the timing and synchronisation (T&S) scheme designed for QKD and the required high loss tolerance of both QKD and T&S channels. The transmitter is designed to be deployed on various up-coming nano-satellite missions in the UK and internationally. The effects of channel loss, background noise, gate width and mean photon number on the secure key rate (SKR) and quantum bit error rate (QBER) are discussed. The authors also analyse the source of QBER and establish the relationship between effective signal noise ratio (ESNR) and noise level, signal strength, gating window and other parameters as a reference for SKR optimisation. The experiment shows that it can tolerate the 40 dB loss expected in space to ground QKD and with small adjustment decoy states can be achieved. The discussion offers valuable insight not only for the design and optimisation of miniature low-cost satellite-based QKD systems but also any other short or long range free space QKD on the ground or in the air.","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 3","pages":"291-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Entanglement and teleportation in quantum key distribution for secure wireless systems 安全无线系统量子密钥分发中的纠缠和远距传输

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12092

Md. Ferdous Ahammed, Mohammad Ismat Kadir

引用次数: 0

Successive data injection in conditional quantum GAN applied to time series anomaly detection 条件量子 GAN 中的连续数据注入应用于时间序列异常检测

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12088

Benjamin Kalfon, Soumaya Cherkaoui, Jean-Frédéric Laprade, Ola Ahmad, Shengrui Wang

{"title":"Successive data injection in conditional quantum GAN applied to time series anomaly detection","authors":"Benjamin Kalfon, Soumaya Cherkaoui, Jean-Frédéric Laprade, Ola Ahmad, Shengrui Wang","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/qtc2.12088","url":null,"abstract":"Classical GAN architectures have shown interesting results for solving anomaly detection problems in general and for time series anomalies in particular, such as those arising in communication networks. In recent years, several quantum GAN (QGAN) architectures have been proposed in the literature. When detecting anomalies in time series using QGANs, huge challenges arise due to the limited number of qubits compared to the size of the data. To address these challenges, a new high-dimensional encoding approach, named Successive Data Injection (SuDaI) is proposed. In this approach, SuDaI explores a larger portion of the quantum state, compared to the conventional angle encoding method used predominantly in the literature. This is achieved through repeated data injections into the quantum state. SuDaI encoding allows the authors to adapt the QGAN for anomaly detection with network data of a much higher dimensionality than with the existing known QGANs implementations. In addition, SuDaI encoding applies to other types of high-dimensional time series and can be used in contexts beyond anomaly detection and QGANs, opening up therefore multiple fields of application.","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 3","pages":"269-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of spot-size on single-photon avalanche diode timing-jitter and quantum key distribution 光斑大小对单光子雪崩二极管定时抖动和量子密钥分布的影响

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12091

Alexandra Lee, Alfonso Tello Castillo, Craig Whitehill, Ross Donaldson

{"title":"The impact of spot-size on single-photon avalanche diode timing-jitter and quantum key distribution","authors":"Alexandra Lee, Alfonso Tello Castillo, Craig Whitehill, Ross Donaldson","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12091","DOIUrl":"10.1049/qtc2.12091","url":null,"abstract":"In free-space implementations of Quantum key distribution (QKD), the wide adoption of near-Infrared wavelengths has led to the common use of silicon single-photon avalanche diodes (Si-SPAD) for receiver systems. While the impacts of some SPAD properties on QKD have been explored extensively, the relationship of spot-size and spatial position on the full instrumental response and thus quantum bit error rate (QBER) has been studied little. Changes in spot size and spatial position can result from atmospheric turbulence and pointing and tracking errors. Here, An empirical analysis of that relationship is presented utilising a large active area, 500 μm, free-space coupled Si-SPAD designed for free-space QKD. A baseline full-width at half-maximum timing jitter of 182 ps and a QBER contribution of 0.1 % for a 1 GHz clock frequency QKD system and 100 ps time-gating window are reported. The impacts of spot-size and spatial position can increase the QBER to over 0.3%. The link between the spot-size and timing jitter will allow the understanding of tolerancing for the alignment of Si-SPADs within free-space QKD receiver systems—an important factor in designing properly engineered practical systems and the equipment needed to compensate for atmospheric turbulence and pointing and tracking.","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 4","pages":"443-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140429039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-range quantum energy teleportation and distribution on a hyperbolic quantum network 双曲量子网络上的远程量子能量隐形传态和分布

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12090

Kazuki Ikeda

引用次数: 0

A novel quantum key distribution resistant against large-pulse attacks 可抵御大脉冲攻击的新型量子密钥分发技术

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12089

Keaotshepha Karabo, Comfort Sekga, Connor Kissack, Mhlambululi Mafu, Francesco Petruccione

{"title":"A novel quantum key distribution resistant against large-pulse attacks","authors":"Keaotshepha Karabo, Comfort Sekga, Connor Kissack, Mhlambululi Mafu, Francesco Petruccione","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12089","DOIUrl":"10.1049/qtc2.12089","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security by leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics. This means the security is independent of all future advances in algorithm or computational power. However, due to the non-availability of single-photon sources, most traditional QKD protocols are vulnerable to various attacks, such as photon number-splitting (PNS) attacks. Also, the imperfections in the measuring devices open a loophole for side channels that an eavesdropper may exploit to launch attacks such as large-pulse attacks. As a result, this compromises the security of transmitted information. To address these challenges, the authors present a QKD protocol that is secure against both large-pulse attacks and PNS attacks at zero-error, in which the eavesdropper does not introduce any error, but still, the legitimate users of the system cannot distil a secure key. A notable feature of the proposed protocol is that it promotes greater robustness against both attacks than the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol or the Scarani-Acin-Ribordy-Gisin 2004 (SARG04) protocol.","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 3","pages":"282-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139844807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum computer based feature selection in machine learning 机器学习中基于量子计算机的特征选择

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12086

Gerhard Hellstern, Vanessa Dehn, Martin Zaefferer

引用次数: 0

An efficient quantum algorithm for ensemble classification using bagging 使用袋集技术进行集合分类的高效量子算法

IF 2.5

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12087

Antonio Macaluso, Luca Clissa, Stefano Lodi, Claudio Sartori

{"title":"An efficient quantum algorithm for ensemble classification using bagging","authors":"Antonio Macaluso, Luca Clissa, Stefano Lodi, Claudio Sartori","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12087","DOIUrl":"10.1049/qtc2.12087","url":null,"abstract":"Ensemble methods aggregate predictions from multiple models, typically demonstrating improved accuracy and reduced variance compared to individual classifiers. However, they often come with significant memory usage and computational time requirements. A novel quantum algorithm that leverages quantum superposition, entanglement, and interference to construct an ensemble of classification models using bagging as an aggregation strategy is introduced. Through the generation of numerous quantum trajectories in superposition, the authors achieve B transformations of the training set with only <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>log</mi>\u0000 <mfenced>\u0000 <mi>B</mi>\u0000 </mfenced>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $mathit{log}left(Bright)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> operations, allowing an exponential enlargement of the ensemble size while linearly increasing the depth of the corresponding circuit. Moreover, when assessing the algorithm's overall cost, the authors demonstrate that the training of a single weak classifier contributes additively to the overall time complexity, as opposed to the multiplicative impact commonly observed in classical ensemble methods. To illustrate the efficacy of the authors’ approach, experiments on reduced real-world datasets utilising the IBM qiskit environment to demonstrate the functionality and performance of the proposed algorithm are introduced.","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 3","pages":"253-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-hop joint remote state preparation of general hybrid entangled multi-qudit states via distinct Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels 通过不同的爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森通道对一般混合纠缠多量子态进行多跳联合远程状态制备

IET Quantum Communication Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1049/qtc2.12084

Zongyi Li, Yuzhen Wei, Min Jiang

{"title":"Multi-hop joint remote state preparation of general hybrid entangled multi-qudit states via distinct Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels","authors":"Zongyi Li, Yuzhen Wei, Min Jiang","doi":"10.1049/qtc2.12084","DOIUrl":"10.1049/qtc2.12084","url":null,"abstract":"Joint Remote State Preparation provides a useful way to securely transfer the known quantum states to the distant nodes. However, the limitation of resources often leads to the quantum channels constructed by distributed entangled pairs being incompatible with the transmitted states. In order to overcome this problem, a novel Joint Remote State Preparation protocol was proposed for transmitting general multi-qudit states over quantum networks, providing a promising pathway to utilise the available Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) channels with different levels. Several scenarios under noisy environments were discussed and some properties of the fidelity when transmitting the multi-qudit state were demonstrated. It was demonstrated that both the prepared state and the kind of the noises could restrict the number of the participant nodes. Our scheme leverages the existing quantum resources, which addresses the issue of insufficient entanglement resources. This approach is easily adaptable to other quantum network structures, offering a potential solution for constructing a universal quantum network.","PeriodicalId":100651,"journal":{"name":"IET Quantum Communication","volume":"5 2","pages":"173-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/qtc2.12084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0