Human Pathology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Unusual and aggressive evolution of primary Epstein Barr virus infection with intestinal presentation mimicking a post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder","authors":"Giusella M.F. Moscato ,&nbsp;Francesca Servadei ,&nbsp;Massimo Andreoni ,&nbsp;Lucia Anemona ,&nbsp;Alessandro Mauriello ,&nbsp;Erica Giacobbi","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is responsible for infection in 95% of the general population worldwide mainly among adolescents and young adults. Although in immunocompetent hosts the primary infection is self-limited and asymptomatic, in literature it has been reported that it could evolve as mononucleosis with severe clinical course. Our patient suffered from primary EBV infection evolved into ileum perforation with a circumscribed lesion showing pathological features resembling a post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with positivity for EBV in situ hybridization and CD20. Since the genetic analysis and the immunophenotyping did not reveal alterations and the family history was not remarkable, it has been considered anusual and aggressive evolution of a primary EBV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300821"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare case of fatal accelerated/blast-phase myeloproliferative neoplasm arising from essential thrombocythemia","authors":"Nicole Fye,&nbsp;Sohira Malik,&nbsp;Erik Washburn,&nbsp;Christopher Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) characterized by clonal thrombocytosis. Although typically indolent, rare cases progress to accelerated/blast-phase disease, often with poor outcomes. We report a fatal case of ET that transformed into an aggressive MPN, diagnosed postmortem.</div><div>A 68-year-old male with a 30-year history of JAK2 V617F-positive ET presented with altered mental status, severe cytopenias, lytic bone lesions, and periportal lymphadenopathy. Initial bone marrow biopsies were inconclusive due to extensive necrosis. Despite palliative management, the patient rapidly developed metabolic derangements, multiorgan failure, and ultimately suffered fatal cardiac arrest. A limited autopsy revealed extramedullary hematopoiesis with atypical megakaryocytes and 10–20% CD34-positive blasts in lymph nodes, highly suggestive of transformation to accelerated/blast-phase MPN.</div><div>This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of aggressive MPN transformation, particularly in the context of necrotic biopsies and borderline blast percentages. Concurrent COVID-19 infection may have contributed to systemic deterioration.</div><div>Postmortem examination was essential in confirming transformation to accelerated/blast-phase MPN, emphasizing the diagnostic value of autopsy in unresolved hematologic malignancies. This case underscores the need for early molecular testing and vigilant surveillance for disease progression in high-risk ET patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of glomerulonephritis with dominant C3 with organized deposits complicated by non-tuberculous mycobacteria","authors":"Masanori Sudo ,&nbsp;Chihiro Sakurazawa ,&nbsp;Yuichi Sakamaki ,&nbsp;Masato Habuka ,&nbsp;Asa Ogawa ,&nbsp;Yumi Ito ,&nbsp;Naofumi Imai ,&nbsp;Sayuri Takamura ,&nbsp;Satoshi Ito ,&nbsp;Akira Shimizu ,&nbsp;Shin Goto ,&nbsp;Suguru Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a case of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) with dominant C3 and uniquely organized deposits complicated by pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection. A 64-year-old man developed persistent urinary abnormalities following treatment with <em>Mycobacterium malmoense</em>. A renal biopsy revealed MPGN with characteristic fibrous organized deposits and strong complement C3c and fibrinogen positivity, but IgG, IgA, IgM, and C1q negativity. Immunosuppressive therapy was not administered. The patient’s renal function gradually declined, but subsequently stabilized with prolonged antibiotic therapy. This case highlights the importance of considering infection-related glomerulonephritis with C3-dominant organized deposits, particularly in the absence of any immunoglobulin involvement, as well as the need to distinguish this entity from primary C3 glomerulopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300828"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) of the cervix in a 38-year-old female: a case report and review of literature","authors":"Josh Matthew B. Chen ,&nbsp;Denise B. Andal ,&nbsp;Benedict Jose P. Canora ,&nbsp;Claire Anne Therese M. Hemedez","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) in the cervix constitutes &lt;1 % of all gynecological malignancies. Despite its rarity, they are highly aggressive often presenting with early nodal metastasis and distant metastasis and have poor prognosis. Due to its limited incidence, early recognition with prompt diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention are of utmost importance.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>Here, we present a case of a 38-year old female with episodes of post-coital spotting. Microscopically, two different populations of tumor cells were appreciated − the first is composed of sheets of fairly uniform small cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, indistinct nuclear contour and scant cytoplasm and the second consists of infiltrating glands with enlarged, ovoid, hyperchromatic nuclei with coarse chromatin and ample eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry studies were done showing positivity for Chromogranin, Synaptophysin, and p16, while CEA highlighted the glandular component, hence the diagnosis of Mixed Neuroendocrine and Non-Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (Small Cell Carcinoma and HPV-Associated Type Adenocarcinoma) was made.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Due to its poor prognosis, clinical, imaging, and histopathologic correlation as well as prudent utilization of immunohistochemical stains are vital in arriving at a diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Currently, there is no standard therapeutic approach for MiNEN and as a result, multimodal treatment strategies are employed to enhance survival outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300815"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and structural changes leading to symptomatic Currarino syndrome – case presentation with re-analyzation of 102 cases of MNX1 genetic change","authors":"Hironobu Okuyama,&nbsp;Kiyotaka Yokogami,&nbsp;Shinji Yamashita,&nbsp;Yoshiko Okita","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2025.300809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currarino syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a triad of presacral mass, sacral agenesis, and anorectal malformation. We report a case of Currarino syndrome with heterozygous in-frame deletion in homeobox of <em>MNX1</em> gene. Currarino syndrome is an autosomal-dominant inheritance, and many cases of <em>MNX1</em> mutations have been reported, but there are no reports of symptomatic with heterozygous in-frame deletions in sporadic cases.　We downloaded the <em>MNX1</em> data from open database ClinVar-NCBI. After adding seven literature reports not included in the database with present case, we re-analyzed the mutation type, location and symptoms. Among 81 cases with gene mutations upstream of homeobox, structural changes in homeobox were observed in 39 of 41 symptomatic cases (95.1%), while in only 1 of 40 asymptomatic cases (2.5%). This finding indicates that structural changes in the homeobox of the <em>MNX1</em> gene are significantly involved in whether Currarino syndrome becomes symptomatic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilomatrix-like high-grade carcinoma involving the urinary bladder: identification of APC mutation and potential for TROP-2 targeted therapy","authors":"Hossein Hosseini ,&nbsp;Omar Alhalabi ,&nbsp;Charles C. Guo ,&nbsp;Julian Bryan ,&nbsp;Bogdan A. Czerniak ,&nbsp;Preetha Ramalingam ,&nbsp;Elizabeth D. Euscher ,&nbsp;Donna E. Hansel","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes a 60-year-old female patient who presented with gross hematuria and a deeply invasive bladder mass. The carcinoma was characterized by basaloid nests, geographic necrosis, and shadow cells. The tumor cells were diffusely positive for CDX2 and beta-catenin (nuclear and cytoplasmic staining), focally positive for CK7, CK20, and CD56, and negative for GATA-3, synaptophysin, mammaglobin, TTF-1, and NUT. The overall morphological features and immunohistochemical findings were most consistent with pilomatrix-like high-grade carcinoma (PiMLC). Evaluation of the gynecological tract at the time of cystectomy, including accompanying hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy specimen, did not reveal any carcinoma within these organs. Genomic profiling of the tumor revealed loss-of-function mutations in <em>APC</em>, <em>ASXL1</em>, <em>RB1</em>, and <em>TP53.</em> Although <em>CTNNB1</em> was not altered, the <em>APC</em> mutation suggests deregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway through a process distinct from most pilomatrix-like high-grade carcinomas of the gynecological tract. Over the course of her therapy at an outside institution, the patient progressed to widely disseminated metastatic disease, including to the lungs and brain, that was unresponsive to multiple rounds of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. RNA profiling of her tumor revealed expression of TROP-2, confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and therapy with an antibody drug conjugate targeting TROP-2 resulted in a significant reduction in tumor burden. This case describes PiMLC involving the urinary bladder and highlights both an alternative activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in this tumor type, as well as a potential new treatment avenue for this frequently therapeutically unresponsive cancer type.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histologic heterogeneity of primary and nodal lesions and intra-nodal comparative analysis after neoadjuvant selpercatinib in RET fusion–positive papillary thyroid carcinoma","authors":"Chiaki Kanno ,&nbsp;Yoichiro Okubo ,&nbsp;Mei Kadoya ,&nbsp;Shinya Sato ,&nbsp;Soji Toda ,&nbsp;Ryuji Nasu ,&nbsp;Yuichi Ichikawa ,&nbsp;Shu Yuguchi ,&nbsp;Chie Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Emi Yoshioka ,&nbsp;Kota Washimi ,&nbsp;Yukihiko Hiroshima ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Ito ,&nbsp;Katsuhiko Masudo ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Yokose ,&nbsp;Yohei Miyagi ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Hayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>RET</em> fusion–positive papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an aggressive subset increasingly treated with <em>RET</em> inhibitors, but tissue-level correlates of neoadjuvant response remain limited. We report a case of a 65-year-old man with locally advanced, initially unresectable <em>CCDC6::RET</em>-positive PTC who received four months of neoadjuvant selpercatinib followed by complete surgical resection. The resected thyroid tumor bed was largely replaced by dense fibrosis with focal ossification, whereas approximately 60% of the supraclavicular nodal metastasis remained viable, highlighting site-specific heterogeneity. Because the post-treatment thyroid specimen required decalcification and was suboptimal for immunohistochemistry (IHC), IHC was performed on the lymph node specimen, revealing markedly reduced Ki-67, preserved RB protein, and loss of phosphorylated RB (p-RB). Tumor cells showed diffuse nuclear p16 positivity, decreased γH2AX, a wild-type p53 pattern, and minimal p21 expression. Apoptosis was limited, with only scattered cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL-positive cells. In contrast, GLB1 demonstrated coarse granular cytoplasmic staining, consistent with a senescence-like phenotype. Digital morphometric analysis confirmed cytologic regression, demonstrating smaller, less circular nuclei with reduced nucleus-to-cell area ratios (all p &lt; 0.001). These findings suggest selpercatinib induced senescence-like cytostasis with stromal remodeling rather than extensive apoptosis or ischemic necrosis, and support integrating histology, IHC, and morphometrics as potential endpoints in future neoadjuvant trials for RET-altered thyroid carcinoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300822"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follicular cholangitis of the liver masking Langerhans cell histiocytosis","authors":"Anne Kristin Fischer ,&nbsp;Reinhard Büttner ,&nbsp;Martina Riechmann ,&nbsp;Michael Schwabe ,&nbsp;Hans-Peter Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the first time, the coincidence of follicular cholangitis and hepatic Langerhans cell histiocytosis are described. Hemihepatectomy was performed for suspected malignant stenosis of the left hepatic duct. Histological examination revealed (a) massive intra- and subepithelial proliferations of CD1a- and Langerin-positive Langerhans cells (LC) (b) associated with chronic fibrosing and prominent follicular cholangitis of septal and segmental bile ducts, (c) followed by multifocal LCH with granulomatous or eosinophil-rich bile duct destruction and necrotizing obliteration of the left hepatic duct, and (d) advanced secondary biliary fibrosis originating from peripheral portal fields as a result of bile duct obliteration. The striking colocalization of these findings presume a local antigen activation of LC, as part of the innate immune system, followed by a chronic fibrosing cholangitis with a prominent periductal lymphofollicular reaction. Furthermore, proliferating LC appeared to be the source of a multifocal bile duct-associated LCH with obliteration of the left hepatic bile duct. The absence of systemic foci over the course of a year indicates LCH of hepatic origin, confined to the liver. Cases of rare, eye-catching follicular cholangitis should be analyzed more closely for reactive LC proliferations and possible hepatic LCH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300830"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Papillary immature metaplasia (immature condyloma) of the uterine cervix: A report of three cases in postmenopausal women and review of the literature","authors":"Jiqing Ye ,&nbsp;Layla Hatem ,&nbsp;Fadi Hatem ,&nbsp;Sajeena Geevarghese ,&nbsp;Dijana Poljak ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Huina Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Papillary immature metaplasia (PIM) of the uterine cervix is an uncommon low-grade exophytic papillary squamous intraepithelial lesion characterized by immature metaplastic morphology. It typically involves the proximal transformation zone, often extending into the endocervical canal, and has been reported almost exclusively in premenopausal women. PIM is poorly recognized, partly because it is not included as a distinct entity in the current WHO classification of tumors. Because of its proximal location, papillary architecture, and morphologic immaturity, PIM can pose significant diagnostic challenges, particularly in postmenopausal patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three cases of PIM occurring in postmenopausal women were described, and a review of the literature was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Key findings</h3><div>All three cases showed typical histopathologic features of PIM; notably, two patients presented with postmenopausal bleeding and underwent repeated endometrial sampling. Among these three cases, only one case tested positive for low-risk HPV infection based on the available testing panels. Immunohistochemically, all three lesions showed diffuse GATA3 expression, suggesting its potential utility as an adjunctive marker for PIM. Review of literature shows it occurs almost exclusively in premenopausal women presenting with abnormal screening cytology or a cervical mass. Most cases (77%) are associated with low-risk HPV, predominantly types 6 and 11, and demonstrate a low Ki-67 proliferation index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PIM is a poorly recognized, low-grade papillary proliferative lesion of the uterine cervix associated with low-risk HPV infection. We report three cases of PIM in postmenopausal patients to increase awareness and improve recognition of this entity, thereby helping prevent both overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraductal carcinoma prevalence in prostatectomy specimens: a cross-institutional comparison between a Japanese and a Hawaiian cohort","authors":"Motoki Yamagishi ,&nbsp;Casey M. Phan ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Nakagami ,&nbsp;Akiko Tokunaga ,&nbsp;So Murai ,&nbsp;Toshiko Yamochi ,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Oshinomi ,&nbsp;Masakazu Nagata ,&nbsp;Takashi Fukagai","doi":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpr.2026.300818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDCP) is associated with poor prognosis, including biochemical recurrence and resistance to hormonal therapy. However, the consistency of IDCP prevalence across racial groups and institutions remains uncertain. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of IDCP in radical prostatectomy specimens between Showa Medical University Hospital (SUH, Japan) and Queen’s Medical Center (QMC, Hawaii) using standardized diagnostic criteria, with a focus on potential racial disparities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 165 radical prostatectomy cases from SUH and 114 cases from QMC between April 2020 and March 2024. Patients with prior hormonal therapy or missing slides were excluded. All specimens were assessed for IDCP by experienced uropathologists using the Guo and Epstein histopathologic criteria, primarily with hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining and immunohistochemistry as needed. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, logistic regression, and propensity score matching to adjust for background differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of IDCP was 23.0% at SUH and 28.3% at QMC (p = 0.34). No significant differences were observed among ethnic groups within QMC. After propensity score matching, prevalence remained statistically similar (p = 0.09). Extraprostatic extension (EPE) was identified as the only independent risk factor for IDCP positivity (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Using the standardized Guo and Epstein diagnostic criteria, no significant racial or institutional differences in IDCP prevalence were observed. These findings highlight the reproducibility of standardized diagnostic frameworks and underscore the importance of further investigations into genetic and environmental factors influencing IDCP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100612,"journal":{"name":"Human Pathology Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 300818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}