hLife最新文献_第9页

Aldo-keto reductase 1B: Much learned, much more to do 醛酮还原酶 1B：获益良多，任重道远

hLife Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2023.12.002

Yaya Zhao , Miaomiao Zhang , Huaping Li , Yiwen Yang , Xiaofu Lu , Junjing Yu , Lei Pan

{"title":"Aldo-keto reductase 1B: Much learned, much more to do","authors":"Yaya Zhao , Miaomiao Zhang , Huaping Li , Yiwen Yang , Xiaofu Lu , Junjing Yu , Lei Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aldo-keto reductase 1B (AKR1B) subfamily was initially known for its association with the pathogenesis of secondary diabetic complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cataracts. Unfortunately, over the past few decades, all drug development efforts targeting this family have failed for one reason or another. Recently, a growing body of evidence showing the deep involvement of AKR1B in metabolic reprogramming and production of signaling metabolites has led to a re-evaluation of their role in the pathogenesis of several immunometabolism-related diseases, such as gastrointestinal diseases, psoriasis, congenital disorders of glycosylation, carcinogenesis, even progression, and acquired chemoresistance. Therefore, in this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of AKR1B, highlighting their potential function in regulating immune cell function and then inflammatory complications. We will also explore how discovering this new insight into this old enzyme is essential for envisioning potential therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat inflammatory diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 154-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949928323000342/pdfft?md5=1a8e2e16aea9b7c181cb209667184497&pid=1-s2.0-S2949928323000342-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139026334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medical journals: The past, present, and future 医学期刊：过去、现在和未来

hLife Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2024.02.002

Chen Dong , Eric Rubin , Rui-Ping Xiao

引用次数: 0

Optimized pretreatment increases the susceptibility of hepatitis B virus infection by enhancing actomyosin-driven cell spreading 优化预处理可通过增强肌动蛋白驱动的细胞扩散提高乙型肝炎病毒感染的易感性

hLife Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2023.12.006

Shuzhi Cui , Wei Gao , Zonghong Li , Yi Xu , Yaming Jiu

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial flashes are interlinked with adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipocytes 线粒体闪烁与棕色脂肪细胞的适应性产热相互关联

hLife Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2024.02.004

Xinyu Chen , Huwatibieke Bahetiyaer , Xuejiao Song , Zuzhi Jiang , Wenfeng Qi , Weizheng Gao , Lin Zhang , Jue Zhang , Heping Cheng , Xianhua Wang

{"title":"Mitochondrial flashes are interlinked with adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipocytes","authors":"Xinyu Chen , Huwatibieke Bahetiyaer , Xuejiao Song , Zuzhi Jiang , Wenfeng Qi , Weizheng Gao , Lin Zhang , Jue Zhang , Heping Cheng , Xianhua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2024.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2024.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mitochondrial flash (mitoflash) is the electrochemical excitation of a single mitochondrion and plays diverse signaling roles in a variety of cells. From the viewpoint of bioenergetics, it represents the transient uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration from ATP synthesis. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) produces heat, primarily <em>via</em> mitochondrial uncoupled respiration. Here, we aim to illustrate the mitoflash activity in BAT thermogenesis. We show that BAT mitochondria undergo stochastic and intermittent mitoflashes at the levels of isolated mitochondria, cultured brown adipocytes, and even intact BAT. A BAT mitoflash contains multiple signals, including transient depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, transient matrix alkalization, and bursting production of reactive oxygen species. Importantly, thermogenic activation by β<sub>3</sub>-adrenergic stimulation dramatically augments mitoflash incidence, with mild effects on its unitary characteristics. Ablation of the thermogenic uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) showed little effect on mitoflash biogenesis during heat production. Collectively, our results suggest that mitoflash might constitute an elemental signaling activity of mitochondria to regulate BAT thermogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949928324000154/pdfft?md5=b7cf3e1348bb8eed376769a98e594328&pid=1-s2.0-S2949928324000154-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140088732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A human monoclonal antibody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants by targeting the upstream region of spike protein HR2 motif 一种人类单克隆抗体通过靶向尖峰蛋白 HR2 Motif 的上游区域中和 SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变体

hLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2024.02.001

Hang Su , Jun Zhang , Zhenfei Yi , Sajid Khan , Mian Peng , Liang Ye , Alan Bao , Han Zhang , Guangli Suo , Qian Li , Housheng Zheng , Dandan Wu , Thomas J. Kipps , Lanfeng Wang , Zhenghong Lin , Suping Zhang

{"title":"A human monoclonal antibody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants by targeting the upstream region of spike protein HR2 motif","authors":"Hang Su , Jun Zhang , Zhenfei Yi , Sajid Khan , Mian Peng , Liang Ye , Alan Bao , Han Zhang , Guangli Suo , Qian Li , Housheng Zheng , Dandan Wu , Thomas J. Kipps , Lanfeng Wang , Zhenghong Lin , Suping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The continuous emergence of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants means there is a need to explore additional strategies to develop broad-spectrum vaccines or therapeutics for individuals remaining at risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds to the conserved S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein alone, or in combination with mAb that binds to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of S protein, might be effective in eliciting protection from infection by a variety of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Using high-throughput single-cell immunoglobulin sequencing of B cells from COVID-19-convalescent donors, we identified a high-affinity S2-specific mAb-39, that could inhibit original SARS-CoV-2 strain, Omicron BA.1, BA.2.86, BA.4, BA.5, and EG.5.1 S protein-mediated membrane fusion, leading to the neutralization of these pseudoviral infections. Moreover, mAb-39 could also improve the neutralizing activity of anti-RBD antibody against the highly neutralization-resistant Omicron variants. Molecular docking and point mutation analyses revealed that mAb-39 recognized epitopes within the conserved upstream region of the heptad repeat 2 (HR2) motif of the S2 subunit. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that targeting the conserved upstream region of the HR2 motif (e.g., using mAbs) provides a novel strategy for preventing the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 126-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949928324000099/pdfft?md5=11653956591dc457ecdf3cd236c53ddd&pid=1-s2.0-S2949928324000099-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139815165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medicine has no borders, health unites us all: Henry Norman Bethune as a pioneer, medical scientist, and internationalist 医学无国界，健康心连心：亨利-诺尔曼-白求恩--医术精湛的先驱专家和伟大的国际斗士

hLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2023.11.002

Huan Liu , Xue Gong , Zhaoqi Liu , Kunlan Zuo , Hao Cheng

引用次数: 0

Phenazines: Natural products for microbial growth control 酚嗪类：控制微生物生长的天然产品

hLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2023.11.005

Cátia A Sousa , Marta Ribeiro , Francisca Vale , Manuel Simões

{"title":"Phenazines: Natural products for microbial growth control","authors":"Cátia A Sousa , Marta Ribeiro , Francisca Vale , Manuel Simões","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The unprecedented problem of antibiotic resistance has become a major challenge for public health, which has contributed to an increase in infections caused by such bacteria. These microbial infections, typically biofilm-related, are also coupled to an increase in human mortality and morbidity. However, the demand for new antimicrobial agents has increased along with the evolution of microbial resistance mechanisms. Natural products produced by bacteria, such as phenazines, have been recognized as an important source for the development of new antimicrobial agents, through the exploitation of their capacity to increase oxidative stress in other organisms. Phenazines are a large group of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and are essential for several cellular processes including iron acquisition, signaling events, enzymatic processes, and biofilm formation. Phenazine-inspired antibiotics (i.e., 2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine, 2,4-dibromo-1-hydroxyphenazine, bromophenazine-21, phenazine-13, and phenazine-14) are very active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including those associated with severe infections. In this study, mechanisms of phenazine-inspired antibiotics in the cellular processes of planktonic and sessile bacteria are reviewed. Moreover, the application of phenazine-inspired antibiotics for the eradication of multidrug-resistant planktonic and biofilm bacterial infections is also reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 100-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949928323000305/pdfft?md5=ca9b1d33f6fcf0a42282b66d3d76d57d&pid=1-s2.0-S2949928323000305-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139291409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of a randomized clinical trial of omicron XBB.1.5-containing bivalent mRNA vaccine 含 omicron XBB.1.5 双价 mRNA 疫苗随机临床试验的安全性、免疫原性和初步疗效

hLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2024.01.005

Xuanjing Yu , Wei Yang , Wei Li , Na Wan , Guanghong Yan , Zumi Zhou , Xiao Zhu , Wei Su , Yani Li , Chenyu Xing , Sifan Duan , Houze Yu , Xinshuai Zhao , Chunmei Li , Taicheng Zhou , Dingyun You , Jia Wei , Zijie Zhang

{"title":"Safety, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of a randomized clinical trial of omicron XBB.1.5-containing bivalent mRNA vaccine","authors":"Xuanjing Yu , Wei Yang , Wei Li , Na Wan , Guanghong Yan , Zumi Zhou , Xiao Zhu , Wei Su , Yani Li , Chenyu Xing , Sifan Duan , Houze Yu , Xinshuai Zhao , Chunmei Li , Taicheng Zhou , Dingyun You , Jia Wei , Zijie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2024.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlife.2024.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Periodically updating coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccines that offer broad-spectrum protection is needed given the strong immune evasion by the circulating omicron sublineages. The effectiveness of prototype and BA.4/5-containing bivalent mRNA vaccines is reduced when XBB subvariants predominate. We initiated an observer-blinded, three-arms study in 376 patients in Chinese individuals aged from 18 to 55 years old who had previously received three doses COVID-19 vaccine. Immunogenicity in terms of neutralizing antibodies elicited by a 30-μg dose of XBB.1.5-containing bivalent vaccine (RQ3027), a 30-μg dose of BA.2/BA.5-Alpha/Beta bivalent vaccine (RQ3025) and their precedent 30-μg Alpha/Beta (combined mutations) monovalent mRNA vaccine (RQ3013) and safety are primary and secondary endpoints, respectively. We recorded prescribed COVID-19 cases to explore the preliminary efficacy of three vaccines. RQ3027 and RQ3025 boosters elicited superior neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, XBB.1.9.1, and JN.1 compared to RQ3013 at day 14 in participants without SARS-CoV-2 infection. All study vaccines were well-tolerated without serious adverse reactions identified. The incidence rates per 1000 person-years of COVID-19 cases during the 2nd-19th week after randomization were lowest in RQ3027. Overall, our data show that XBB.1.5-containing bivalent booster generated superior immunogenicity and better protection against newer severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants compared to BA.2/BA.5-containing bivalent and Alpha/Beta monovalent with no new safety concerns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 113-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949928324000075/pdfft?md5=1750ec45457d8ecf974579a3f73af535&pid=1-s2.0-S2949928324000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139687380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The structure of HSV-1 gB bound to a potent neutralizing antibody reveals a conservative antigenic domain across herpesviruses 与强效中和抗体结合的 HSV-1 gB 结构揭示了疱疹病毒的保守抗原结构域

hLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2023.12.004

Cong Sun , Jia-Wen Yang , Chu Xie , Xin-Yan Fang , Guo-Long Bu , Ge-Xin Zhao , Dan-Ling Dai , Zheng Liu , Mu-Sheng Zeng

引用次数: 0

Status and challenges of global antimicrobial resistance control: A dialogue between Professors Yonghong Xiao and Takeshi Nishijima 全球抗菌药耐药性控制的现状与挑战：肖永红教授与西岛武教授的对话

hLife Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlife.2023.11.004

Yonghong Xiao , Takeshi Nishijima

引用次数: 0