Green Technologies and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Public spending on Energy innovations and CO2 impacts: Evidence from selected OECD countries","authors":"Sayyed Mahdi Ziaei","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between public spending on Energy innovations (R&amp;D of renewable and non-renewable energy, and energy efficiency) and CO₂ intensity at constant purchasing power are investigated in this study. A Panel-NARDL model was used for the first time in 10 OECD countries (1990–2020) to evaluate the asymmetric relationship between energy innovative variables and CO₂ impacts in the long and short run. In other words, this study aims to monitor how changes in public spending on R&amp;D for renewable and non-renewable influence CO₂ emissions. The results show that while an increase in the public budget for R&amp;D of renewable energy will decrease the CO₂ intensity in the long run, a positive relationship exists between these variables in the short run. Likewise, the result demonstrates that a cut in public spending on Fossil fuel R&amp;D leads to an increase in the short horizon and a decrease in the long-run CO₂ emissions per unit of GDP. The finding implies the substantial impact of R&amp;D in both renewable and non-renewable energy on reducing CO₂ emissions over time. In addition, CO₂ emissions per unit of GDP respond positively to R&amp;D public spending on energy efficiency. An increase in public expenditure on R&amp;D of energy efficiency can induce economic activity and enhance CO₂ emissions. All in all, the 30 years’ analysis of data from the selected OECD countries substantiates the right strategy of reducing the CO₂ emissions of these countries by applying the public budget to promote R&amp;D in energy sectors. This study results in contrast with those studies that found no relationship between R&amp;D on renewable energy and CO₂ impacts. <strong>Significance Statement</strong> This paper evaluated the asymmetric impacts of public spending on R&amp;D of renewable energy and fossil fuel, and energy efficiency on CO₂ intensity at constant purchasing power. Although a growing body of research has analyzed the impact of R&amp;D on CO₂ emission, research on the asymmetric effects of R&amp;D public expenditure in energy sectors on CO₂ emission is still narrow. Moreover, by employing Panel Nonlinear ARDL, we delve into the spillover impacts of selected OECD public budget on R&amp;D over the short and long horizons. In addition, we estimate the impacts of both Renewable and non-renewable R&amp;D budgets which help us to explore and compare the effectiveness of budget allocation on R&amp;D with the strategy of reducing CO₂ emission. Finally, this study found how the R&amp;D and technology budget surging and declining in energy sectors would influence CO₂ emission per unit of GDP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A solar-powered multi-functional portable charging device (SPMFPCD) with internet-of-things (IoT)-based real-time monitoring—An innovative scheme towards energy access and management","authors":"Anis ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Ishaq G. Muhammad Alblushi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Fahad Zia ,&nbsp;Haris M. Khalid ,&nbsp;Usman Inayat ,&nbsp;Mohamed Benbouzid ,&nbsp;S.M. Muyeen ,&nbsp;Ghulam Amjad Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the absence of portable charging devices, sectors such as transportation, communication, and emergency services deal with various challenges towards electric power needs while compromising on (1) operational efficiency, (2) insufficient portable charging solutions, and (3) limited versatility. This highlights the critical need for reliable and multi-functional power solutions. To provide a portable charging solution across diverse sectors, this paper proposes an innovative development of a solar-powered multi-functional portable charging device (SPMFPCD) with internet- of-thing (IoT)-based monitoring capabilities. The proposed scheme introduces a comprehensive model integrating advanced technologies which include a highly efficient solar panel, charge controller, sensors, and IoT module. The proposed system facilitates versatile charging solutions for a wide range of power requirements with real-time monitoring and data analysis through the IoT platform. Moreover, the proposed work explores the applications of the SPMFPCD in (1) emergency medical scenarios, (2) outdoor adventures, (3) disaster management, and 4) public spaces. Performance evaluation was made by proposing case studies to validate the (1) economic viability, (2) power management, and (3) environmental impact of widespread deployment of SPMPFCD in public spaces. Furthermore, detailed analysis of battery energy storage system (BESS) and photovoltaic (PV) integration for load management, seasonal dynamics, and renewable energy integration (REI) contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the proposed solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing carbon reduction and sustainable agriculture in Thailand: An assessment of rice straw utilization strategies","authors":"Premrudee Kanchanapiya ,&nbsp;Thanapol Tantisattayakul","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explores strategies for carbon reduction through the utilization of rice straw waste in Thailand, focusing on three project approaches: (1) converting rice straw into biomass fuel pellets for power plants, (2) transforming rice straw into biochar using high-tech systems and blending it with fertilizers, and (3) using conventional systems for biochar production. The study assesses the greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potential of these approaches compared to traditional open-field burning of rice straw. The results indicate that Project 2, which involves high-tech biochar production, exhibits the highest potential for GHG reduction and carbon sequestration, with a potential to reduce emissions by approximately 12.19–13.05 MTCO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>/year. This approach also has potential for generating valuable carbon credits due to biochar’s long-term carbon sequestration and soil enhancement benefits. In contrast, Project 1 yields a reduction of about 4.06–4.35 MTCO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>/year, while Project 3 results in negative emission reduction. The study recommends prioritizing and incentivizing biochar production projects, upgrading low-tech systems, balancing the use of biomass fuel pellets, leveraging carbon credits for funding, and enhancing public awareness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a simple organic acid as a green alternative for the recovery of cathode metals from lithium-ion battery cathode materials","authors":"P.M. Tembo,&nbsp;R.N. Werner,&nbsp;V. Subramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrialization, technology, and population growth have on one hand resulted in the rapid rise for energy demand and on the other hand led to the pursuit for alternative carbon neutral energy sources to satisfy demand, address climate change and promote sustainable development. The transition to renewable energy sources has resulted in the rapid rise in energy storage options with battery technologies at the forefront. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as a leading battery energy storage option. The rise in LIB technology demand has resulted in a proportional increase in the demand for the various materials used in their manufacture. Primary sources of several of the LIB component materials largely consist of mining activities, however, recycling has emerged as a promising secondary material source. In this work, we evaluate the application of a green, organic acid treatment approach utilizing propionic acid in the recovery of key metals from LIB cathode materials. The study delved into exploring the application of both commercially sourced virgin LIB cathode powder (VCP) and recovered spent LIB cathode powder (SCP) and investigating the system leaching characteristics. The highest metal recoveries were obtained on leaching the SCP, with metal recoveries determined as 92.9%, 87.4%, 92.7% and 94.0% for Co, Li, Mn and Ni respectively. The difference in the recoveries on leaching metals from the VCP and SCP was under 5% for each metal. Further, the leaching model was determined as chemical reaction-controlled on using the SCP, and the activation energies were evaluated as 60.37 kJ/mol, 53.38 kJ/mol, 63.98 kJ/mol and 60.20 kJ/mol for Co, Li, Mn and Ni respectively, agreeing with the deduced chemical reaction-controlled leaching mechanism. By application of a simple organic acid, propionic acid, for organic acid leaching operations we contribute to the diversification of the lixiviant options for LIB waste treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptual and practical aspects of circular maturity management in corporate industrial ecosystems: The case of Novolipetsk Steel and Metalloinvest","authors":"Elena Shkarupeta ,&nbsp;Aleksandr Babkin ,&nbsp;Sergey Babenyshev","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper aims to develop and validate a comprehensive framework for managing and assessing circular maturity in industrial ecosystems at the corporate level. Leveraging theoretical constructs related to principles, factors, strategies, and circular business models, the paper introduces a methodological approach for evaluating circular economy development within corporate industrial ecosystems. The framework is empirically tested and illustrated through a case study focusing on the corporate industrial ecosystems of Novolipetsk Steel (NLMK) and Metalloinvest in Russia for the period 2016–2020. The study reveals that both companies have made strides in integrating sustainable development goals (SDGs) related to the circular economy into their operational strategies, albeit with varying degrees of documentation and strategic focus. Content analysis of annual sustainability reports and estimation of the number of environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) indicators and global reporting initiative (GRI) standards used by the industrial ecosystems further support these findings and suggest a growing interest in circular economy development, particularly within the NLMK ecosystem. The study finds that NLMK exhibits a more pronounced increase in circular economy practices compared to Metalloinvest, with a significant rise in the use of terms related to circularity in their reports, indicating strategic shifts towards these principles. The innovative aspect of this paper lies in its development of a multi-level methodological framework for circular maturity assessment, which incorporates both theoretical and empirical dimensions. This approach not only provides a structured way to measure and enhance circular economy practices but also bridges the gap between theory and practical application. The paper concludes by offering insights into the construction of systemic mechanisms for enhancing circular maturity at the corporate level, thereby contributing both to theoretical discourse and practical applications in the field of industrial sustainability. Key findings include the identification of specific areas where circular economy practices can be strengthened and the demonstration of how a systematic approach to circularity can lead to substantial improvements in sustainability outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949736124000605/pdfft?md5=93428a3dcf14f85866f1ca1a8602d742&pid=1-s2.0-S2949736124000605-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of single-use plastics in life science: Sterile printing of PLA reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 80% and enables carbon neutrality","authors":"Lena Achleitner ,&nbsp;Anna-Carina Frank ,&nbsp;Osamah Mesef ,&nbsp;Peter Satzer","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The European Union’s Green Deal emphasizes life science and biotechnology as key drivers for achieving a circular economy. However, the prevalent use of non-sustainable single-use plastics derived from petrochemical sources in life science research and development contradicts this ecological goal. This study presents a viable alternative through on-site sterile 3D printing of single-use plastics using poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The sterile printing of PLA demonstrates a substantial reduction in CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>2eq</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions per shake flask, decreasing from 260 g CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>2eq</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> to 145 g CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>2eq</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. Suitability for cell culture was demonstrated for sterile printed PLA, autoclaved high-temperature PLA and for suspension cell cultures in shake flasks using CHO and insect cells as well as adherent Vero cell cultures in cell culture wells. Further optimization of sustainable shake flasks is achieved by utilizing recycled PLA, resulting in a remarkable reduction to 73 g CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>2eq</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, constituting a 72% decrease in CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>2eq</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions compared to conventional single-use plastics. Moreover, by employing geometric optimization to minimize material usage, emissions can be further reduced to 44 g CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>2eq</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, representing an 83% reduction in CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>2eq</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions. Anticipated advancements in PLA production suggest future carbon net negative PLA production, potentially achieving zero carbon emissions for single-use plastics using PLA. The exceptionally cost-effective nature of 3D printed single-use plastics, coupled with negligible capital costs for implementation, positions sterile 3D printing as a practical solution aligned with the 2030 Green Deal goals. Moreover, ongoing improvements in bioplastic production underscore the feasibility of meeting the 2050 targets of carbon neutrality for single-use plastics in life science research and development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949736124000599/pdfft?md5=eb34b874a3907f5df5aaccd15979d685&pid=1-s2.0-S2949736124000599-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and strategic challenges in microgrid integration: Insights from operational dynamics and renewable energy potential","authors":"Anis Ur Rehman","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the integration of a large number of microgrids in the power distribution network operation, economic and strategic challenges arise. To address these challenges, this research provides a comprehensive investigation into the operational, economic, and strategic dynamics of microgrids. Through careful data analysis, the study interprets the complications of microgrid responses to seasonal changes. It also investigates energy consumption patterns and production dynamics. The detailed analysis of microgrid configurations reveals the unique attributes and challenges of PV, wind, and hydropower microgrids. Moreover, the research explains the financial implications of microgrid integration, from setup costs to potential ROI. It is also examining the cooperative relationship between microgrids and conventional grids. Key findings highlight that solar microgrids contribute 3.2% to 5.3%, wind microgrids provide 5.9% to 7.4%, and hydropower microgrids contribute 24.4% of total power. Energy purchase peaks at 850,000 kWh in August and declines to 580,000 kWh in May. 170,000 kWh of energy is sold back to the grid in May. Moreover, the grid energy costs reduced from $0.178 kWh to $0.30 kWh. The total net present cost of the system is achieved at $37,880,023.33. Renewable energy production ranges from 480 kW to 2,300 kW, with a penetration level reaching 160%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949736124000575/pdfft?md5=b755c466875c89d778774f1f278005a9&pid=1-s2.0-S2949736124000575-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142039688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the surface roughness properties of fly ash-based geopolymer mortars with teff straw ash from the image analysis viewpoint","authors":"Tajebe Bezabih,&nbsp;David Sinkhonde,&nbsp;Derrick Mirindi","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fly ash (FA)-based geopolymer mortar is being considered for sustainability since it enjoys peculiar properties such as high mechanical properties and environmental benefits. However, the high curing temperatures of FA-based geopolymer mortar play a complex role in its outstanding mechanical behaviour thereby requiring other precursors, such as teff straw ash (TSA). In this study, we develop surface roughness properties of FA-based geopolymer mortars with TSA, where the ambient temperature is used for curing. The surface roughness characteristics of the FA-based geopolymer mortars with TSA exploit the surface roughness simulations from Gwyddion and the approach is demonstrated here in the contexts of spatial, hybrid and amplitude roughness parameters. The results show that some roughness parameters, including <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> values for FA-based geopolymer mortars with TSA, exhibit significant decreasing trends as the TSA contents increase. However, in comparison with the CA specimens (ambient temperature curing) and CE specimens (elevated temperature curing), the trends among the majority of the roughness parameters for FA-based geopolymer mortars with TSA turn out not to be very good probably due to changes in the internal structures of the mortars. Moreover, without the kurtosis values (R<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>ku</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) of less than 3, it is easy to demonstrate that all the profiles of the investigated specimens reflect sharp valleys and peaks. The findings of surface roughness properties allow one to grasp the roughness parameters of FA-based geopolymer mortars with TSA. The approach for generating surface roughness properties of FA-based geopolymer mortars with TSA offers significant quantitative and qualitative information required for the bonding of mortar layers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294973612400054X/pdfft?md5=9dd98acd45f8bd17ba50a682109a5bc2&pid=1-s2.0-S294973612400054X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142049678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and ranking of different vehicles carbon footprint: A comparative study utilizing entropy and TOPSIS methodologies","authors":"Farzan Ashraf ,&nbsp;Azhar Equbal ,&nbsp;Osama Khan ,&nbsp;Zeinebou Yahya ,&nbsp;Aiyeshah Alhodaib ,&nbsp;Mohd Parvez ,&nbsp;Shadab Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The world is currently grappling with the detrimental effects of escalating pollution stemming from exhaust gases emitted by vehicles, exacerbating environmental degradation and posing severe health risks. To mitigate this crisis, leveraging appropriate technologies capable of curbing emissions is imperative. A recent study undertook a comprehensive assessment, comparing the carbon footprint of various vehicles, considering parameters such as emissions in battery manufacturing and fuel consumption. Employing entropy and TOPSIS methodology, the analysis assigned weights and rankings to these criteria and vehicle alternatives. Results indicated that battery manufacturing emissions carried the most significant weight (81.91%), followed by emissions from fuel consumption (15.99%). Hybrid vehicles emerged as the most favorable alternative, closely followed by biodiesel, exhibiting the lowest carbon emissions including CO, CO₂, and UBHC. This study offers invaluable insights for future decision-makers in the transportation sector, facilitating informed choices towards adopting environmentally sustainable vehicles, thereby contributing to a greener and healthier future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949736124000551/pdfft?md5=24c0b7eb559deaa8ade95aad38882a3e&pid=1-s2.0-S2949736124000551-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142039686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics, thermodynamics and characterization of neem seeds (Azadirachta indica) oil extraction: Extensive study of the processes","authors":"Chinedu Matthew Agu ,&nbsp;Charles C. Orakwue ,&nbsp;Onuabuchi N. Ani ,&nbsp;Mmesoma P. Chinedu","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kinetic and thermodynamics studies and the effect of process parameters such as seed average particle size, extraction time and temperature on the extraction of <em>neem</em> seed oil were investigated. Solvent extraction method was used with n-hexane as the solvent. The plot of percentage yield versus time showed that percentage yield increased with increase in time and temperature and decrease in seed average particle size. The highest percentage yield of 54.14% was obtained at optimum conditions of 0.5 mm average particle size, 55 °C temperature and 150 min extraction time. Kinetic study showed that pseudo second order model and Elovich’s model both described the extraction of <em>neem</em> seed oil based on least RMS and SD values. However, pseudo 2nd order gave highest R² value and calculated oil yield at aforementioned optimum conditions. Therefore, pseudo 2nd order model was chosen as best kinetic model for the process. Hyperbolic model, conversely gave no fit to the process. Thermodynamics parameters results <span><math><mi>Δ</mi></math></span>H (428.11 KJ/mol), <span><math><mi>Δ</mi></math></span>S (1.82 KJ/mol), and <span><math><mi>Δ</mi></math></span>G (-168.63 KJ/mol) for extracting oil from <em>neem</em> seed indicate that the process was endothermic, irreversible and spontaneous, respectively. The physiochemical properties show that <em>neem</em> oil has potential in biodiesel application. Fatty acid composition showed that <em>neem</em> seed oil is saturated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949736124000538/pdfft?md5=576fd52c7e7caf5ddd6b934dc078fdff&pid=1-s2.0-S2949736124000538-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142039685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}