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A comprehensive review of hydrogen integrated hybrid renewable energy systems: Configurations, models, simulation and optimization with artificial intelligence 氢集成混合可再生能源系统综述:配置、模型、人工智能仿真与优化
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100165
Chenglong Li , Tianqi Yang , Wenchao Cai , Kodjo Agbossou , Pierre Bénard , Richard Chahine , Yi Zong , Yaze Li , Shenglin Su , Guodong Li , Xianglin Yan , Jin Li , Jinsheng Xiao
{"title":"A comprehensive review of hydrogen integrated hybrid renewable energy systems: Configurations, models, simulation and optimization with artificial intelligence","authors":"Chenglong Li ,&nbsp;Tianqi Yang ,&nbsp;Wenchao Cai ,&nbsp;Kodjo Agbossou ,&nbsp;Pierre Bénard ,&nbsp;Richard Chahine ,&nbsp;Yi Zong ,&nbsp;Yaze Li ,&nbsp;Shenglin Su ,&nbsp;Guodong Li ,&nbsp;Xianglin Yan ,&nbsp;Jin Li ,&nbsp;Jinsheng Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a comprehensive review of hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs), covering mathematical models, simulation and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven optimization approaches. Emphasizing the potential of hydrogen as an energy carrier to deepen renewable energy integration, especially in solar and wind HRESs, this review systematically details mathematical models for various renewable generation and storage systems, serving as a structured reference for researchers. Given the complexity of HRES modeling, this work provides insights into different modeling software and optimization algorithms, with a particular focus on artificial intelligence methods. The integration of software and artificial intelligence promises to solve complex modeling and optimization challenges with potential applications in different environments. Future directions suggest that the physical model-assisted AI framework, which embeds physical principles within AI models, holds promise for enhancing prediction accuracy and reliability in HRES applications. This framework, especially when combined with stochastic optimization, offers a potential pathway to address challenges in data availability and computational complexity, supporting the effective design and optimization of hydrogen-based HRESs for real-world applications. The overall findings will help improve the design and optimization of hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy systems for practical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147449251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Residential energy consumption dynamics: A SHAP-based interpretation, k-means clustering, and predictive modelling 住宅能源消耗动态:基于shap的解释,k-均值聚类和预测建模
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100169
Oluwatobi Adeleke , Oluwapelumi Joseph Adebowale , Idowu Ayoade , Iretioluwa Olawuyi , Tien-Chien Jen
{"title":"Residential energy consumption dynamics: A SHAP-based interpretation, k-means clustering, and predictive modelling","authors":"Oluwatobi Adeleke ,&nbsp;Oluwapelumi Joseph Adebowale ,&nbsp;Idowu Ayoade ,&nbsp;Iretioluwa Olawuyi ,&nbsp;Tien-Chien Jen","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A proper understanding of climatic consumption dynamics is critical for demand-side management, grid stability, and climate-sensitive residential energy planning. The non-linear interaction between meteorological conditions has necessitated intelligent predictive models. However, existing studies focused on machine learning (ML) models in their black-box nature, with limited interpretability of the impact of climatic-drivers, climatic-demand interactions, and hidden consumption regimes. This research fills this gap through an integrated framework that combines seasonal hypothesis-testing, k-means clustering, Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based interpretability, and advanced predictive modeling using XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), long-short term memory (LSTM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Autoregressive Integrated moving average (ARIMA). The seasonal hypothesis-testing using ANOVA and Tukey's HSD revealed statistically significant differences in energy consumption across seasons, with peak-demand during winter and summer extremes. SHAP-based feature ranking identified temperature and humidity as the most influential drivers of electricity-demand. The k-means clustering revealed three distinct groups/clusters, which reflect the climatic-consumption scenarios. The ensemble learning (RF and XGBoost) exhibited the lowest training-error. RF had the best training performance with MSE, RMSE, and MAE values of 1.6484, 1.2839, and 0.8480. The data-driven insights in this study provide useful intelligence that supports critical decision-making through a proper understanding of the residential climatic-consumption dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147656882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
North Africa as an emerging green hydrogen hub: Algeria in focus 北非成为新兴的绿色氢能中心:阿尔及利亚是重点
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100171
Qian He , Chenyi Yao , Xiangling Kong , Naihua Wang , Kai Liang
{"title":"North Africa as an emerging green hydrogen hub: Algeria in focus","authors":"Qian He ,&nbsp;Chenyi Yao ,&nbsp;Xiangling Kong ,&nbsp;Naihua Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>North Africa is emerging as a pivotal geoeconomic link in transcontinental energy flows across Europe, Asia, and Africa. This study evaluates the regional energy landscape, renewable resource endowment, and existing infrastructure in North Africa to identify key conditions enabling development of a green-hydrogen hub, with emphasis on Algeria as a core contributor to a trans-Mediterranean hydrogen corridor. The analysis shows that abundant solar and wind resources, proximity to European markets, and extensive natural gas pipeline and port systems create favorable conditions for cost-competitive green hydrogen production and large-scale export. The dense domestic gas network and existing trans-Mediterranean pipelines in Algeria provide practical pathways for hydrogen transport. However, the region faces persistent challenges, including slow renewable energy deployment, limited grid flexibility, and geopolitical uncertainty. The study concludes that realizing hydrogen potential in North Africa requires firm local industrial demand, coordinated regional governance, and long-term offtake agreements with shared infrastructure investments with the European Union. The findings support evidence-based development of the North Africa–Europe hydrogen corridor and design of regional energy strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147539197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flamelet/progress variable modelling of turbulent non-premixed cool flames of dimethyl-ether/methane mixtures 二甲醚/甲烷混合物湍流非预混冷火焰的小火焰/进度变量模型
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100163
Weilin Zeng , Zeyang Pan , Xujiang Wang , Kai Hong Luo
{"title":"Flamelet/progress variable modelling of turbulent non-premixed cool flames of dimethyl-ether/methane mixtures","authors":"Weilin Zeng ,&nbsp;Zeyang Pan ,&nbsp;Xujiang Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Hong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In present work, the turbulent non-premixed cool flames of dimethyl-ether (DME)/methane mixtures are studied within the framework of flamelet/progress variable modelling and chemical kinetic analyses. The numerical setup is based on the Princeton CARAT burner configuration, and the accuracy of the hpmech-V3.3 chemistry to model turbulent low-temperature combustion is validated against the reference experiments and DNS. The simulation results reveal that turbulent cool flame structures are modified (lifted) by methane addition owing to the decline of cool flame extinction limits. The different flame regions associated with differing thermochemical characteristics for the dual-fuel lifted cool flames are uncovered. The DME/methane consumption trends suggest that methane addition inhibits the DME low-temperature oxidation. Through the kinetic analyses, the mechanisms are identified to be two-fold: methane competes with the DME H-abstraction reaction for OH radicals and the reaction of QOOH &lt;=&gt; O<sub>2</sub> + 2CH<sub>2</sub>O is significantly slowed down with the methane addition. The mechanisms also kinetically explain the finding that the formation of CH<sub>2</sub>O, CO, CO<sub>2</sub> in cool flames decline in response to the increase of methane blending ratios. The correlation between temperature and key intermediate formation is discovered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
OpenFOAM-based study on near-field formation and mixing of high nozzle pressure ratio hydrogen jets from leakages 基于openfoam的高喷嘴压比泄漏氢射流近场形成与混合研究
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100164
Rui Jovan Yeo , T.H. New , W.L. Chan
{"title":"OpenFOAM-based study on near-field formation and mixing of high nozzle pressure ratio hydrogen jets from leakages","authors":"Rui Jovan Yeo ,&nbsp;T.H. New ,&nbsp;W.L. Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A gas stored at high-pressure leaking through a small hole forms a complex series of shock structures as it accelerates and expands to ambient conditions. The near-field region of the jet includes the initial jet expansion, Mach disc formation, and starting vortices, all of which can affect hydrogen mixing with the surrounding air and have an associated combustion risk. Through the use of a modified OpenFOAM solver, simulations of hydrogen stored at 10 and 100 bar leaking into atmospheric conditions through 1.5 mm diameter circular nozzles were performed to determine the transient temperature profile, shock locations, and hydrogen mixing profiles of the hydrogen jet in its initial expansion and propagation stages. From these transient simulations, it was shown that starting vortices form pockets of mixed hydrogen and air that are within hydrogen flammability limits. This new simulation data shows mixed hydrogen pockets can linger in the nozzle near-field region and present a flammability risk that is not easily accounted for when using existing numerical models optimized for far-field flame behavior, showing this new open-source tool can resolve hydrogen mixing behavior in the nozzle near-field region without compromising on shock resolution capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Energy, economic, and environmental evaluations on paper industry decarbonization by implementing electrolytic hydrogen 实施电解氢对造纸工业脱碳的能源、经济和环境评价
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100174
A. Perna , G. Di Cicco , E. Jannelli , C. Bassano , D. Lanni , M. Minutillo
{"title":"Energy, economic, and environmental evaluations on paper industry decarbonization by implementing electrolytic hydrogen","authors":"A. Perna ,&nbsp;G. Di Cicco ,&nbsp;E. Jannelli ,&nbsp;C. Bassano ,&nbsp;D. Lanni ,&nbsp;M. Minutillo","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paper mills are considered Hard-to-Abate sectors due to their high energy demand and reliance on fossil fuels, making cost-effective decarbonization challenging. This paper explores the potential of using hydrogen as a viable solution to reduce carbon dioxide emissions of a paper mill through a case study. A methodological approach is proposed to evaluate the technical, economic, and environmental performances of a hydrogen supply chain that includes an electrolysis unit powered by a photovoltaic plant. The hydrogen is blended with natural gas in a cogeneration plant, which supplies the electrical and thermal demands needed for the paper production process.</div><div>Based on the technical analysis, the optimal sizes of the photovoltaic plant and the electrolysis unit were estimated at 45.6 and 16.1 MW, respectively, to achieve a hydrogen production of 1553 t/year. The environmental evaluation enabled the calculation of the avoided carbon dioxide emissions, which are equal to 9797 t/year. The economic assessment allowed to estimate the levelized cost of hydrogen, which is 4.24 €/kg. Finally, the break-even analysis highlighted the need for economic and financial instruments, including incentives for green hydrogen production and mechanisms aimed at supporting emissions reduction, to ensure that the industry grows in a sustainable, competitive, and resilient manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147539199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial difference, dynamic evolution and influencing factors of carbon emission efficiency in China at the provincial level 中国省际碳排放效率空间差异、动态演变及影响因素
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100170
Zhinan Hou , Zhenglong Cao , Chongyang Zhao , Yuncheng Zhang , Dantong Zhang , Shuqi Dai , Qiao Ma , Qingsong Wang , Feifei Liu , Jian Zuo , Xueliang Yuan
{"title":"Spatial difference, dynamic evolution and influencing factors of carbon emission efficiency in China at the provincial level","authors":"Zhinan Hou ,&nbsp;Zhenglong Cao ,&nbsp;Chongyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuncheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Dantong Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuqi Dai ,&nbsp;Qiao Ma ,&nbsp;Qingsong Wang ,&nbsp;Feifei Liu ,&nbsp;Jian Zuo ,&nbsp;Xueliang Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the world's largest carbon emitter, China is actively pursuing its goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. This has necessitated the analysis of the spatial and temporal differences in interprovincial carbon emission efficiency (CEE). This study develops a multimethod analytical framework to systematically investigate the static differences, dynamic evolution, and influencing factors of CEE across 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2007 to 2021. Results demonstrate the national average CEE fluctuating between 0.878 and 1.093, with the central region exhibiting the highest mean efficiency at 0.9627 from a static perspective. Considerable disparities are observed between the eastern and western regions. Moreover, high-CEE regions are observed to suppress CEE growth in neighboring low-CEE areas. The Gini coefficient decomposition method reveals inter-regional differences as the main source of the overall inequality, accounting for 67.31% on average. Urbanization and industrial upgrading are observed to be the drivers of CEE, with population density being the strongest suppressor. GDP per capita and technological development are observed to contribute to regional CEE disparities via considerable negative spatial spillover effects. These findings provide a valuable basis for coordinating regional carbon emission reductions in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147399802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards green marine engines: A review of methanol fueled internal combustion engine 迈向绿色船用发动机:甲醇燃料内燃机研究进展
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100168
Xingjian Guo , Hongliang Luo , Long Liu , Keyan Liu , Juncong Ge , Keiya Nishida
{"title":"Towards green marine engines: A review of methanol fueled internal combustion engine","authors":"Xingjian Guo ,&nbsp;Hongliang Luo ,&nbsp;Long Liu ,&nbsp;Keyan Liu ,&nbsp;Juncong Ge ,&nbsp;Keiya Nishida","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the global marine industry actively exploring sustainability and making efforts to move towards decarbonization goals, identifying suitable alternative fuels has become a crucial task. Among the numerous types of clean fuels, methanol has become a transitional fuel for the maritime sector to achieve decarbonization goals due to its superior combustion properties. Additionally, methanol has a wide range of sources. It can be produced from coal, natural gas and biomass and its production capacity is distributed all over the world. Asia (with China as the main country), the Middle East and North America are the major bases. In recent years, the production capacity of renewable methanol has been gradually increasing. Renewable methanol is of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality. This review conducts a detailed collation of different types of methanol engines, comparatively analyzes their performance under various operating conditions, and draws corresponding conclusions. The key characteristic parameters encompass ignition delay, knocking, brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency, in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, nitrogen oxides, soot, and carbon monoxide. Based on the examined results, compared with diesel engines, methanol engines exhibit superior performance in terms of emissions. However, methanol fueled engine reduces the thermal efficiency in some cases, which needs more new technologies to improve the efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147399800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mushroom-based high-efficiency solar evaporator for water harvesting 以蘑菇为基础的高效太阳能蒸发器
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100162
Hongjun Fu , Enhui Ma , Xinyang He , Chunyi Li , Jiahui Zhu , Qi Feng , Xinyi Liao , Wenxin Liu , Xiaodan Huang , Rongtai Yu
{"title":"Mushroom-based high-efficiency solar evaporator for water harvesting","authors":"Hongjun Fu ,&nbsp;Enhui Ma ,&nbsp;Xinyang He ,&nbsp;Chunyi Li ,&nbsp;Jiahui Zhu ,&nbsp;Qi Feng ,&nbsp;Xinyi Liao ,&nbsp;Wenxin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Huang ,&nbsp;Rongtai Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2025.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial evaporation represents an innovative and highly promising strategy to address global freshwater scarcity and enhance water purification technologies. The distinctive structure of natural mushrooms, comprising a pileus and stipe, offers a feasible pathway for designing efficient and low-cost solar evaporators. In this work, natural mushrooms were employed as solar evaporators to evaluate their performance in evaporating seawater and sewage. Under 3.9 suns illumination, evaporation rates of 4.89, 4.57, and 3.73 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> were achieved for sewage, deionized water, and seawater, respectively. Under natural sunlight conditions (0.5 sun), the mushroom evaporator attained rates of 2.62 and 2.13 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> for sewage and seawater, respectively. The mushroom-based evaporator demonstrates not only exceptional photothermal conversion performance but also remarkable cycling stability and durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biochar for heavy metal remediation in aquatic and terrestrial environments: Properties, influencing factors, and mechanisms 生物炭在水生和陆地环境中的重金属修复:特性、影响因素和机制
Green Energy and Resources Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100167
Yaoyao Cao , Jian Chen , Hui Zhang , Hongjie Sheng , Kang Lv , Jinjin Cheng , Xiaolong Chen , Dongfei Chen , Xiangyang Yu
{"title":"Biochar for heavy metal remediation in aquatic and terrestrial environments: Properties, influencing factors, and mechanisms","authors":"Yaoyao Cao ,&nbsp;Jian Chen ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongjie Sheng ,&nbsp;Kang Lv ,&nbsp;Jinjin Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Chen ,&nbsp;Dongfei Chen ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerr.2026.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of industrialization, heavy metal pollution in water and soil has become increasingly serious. Biochar has attracted extensive attention for its application in heavy metal remediation, which mainly depends on its developed porous structure, large specific surface area, abundant functional groups and minerals. This review outlines the status of heavy metal pollution and summarize the key physicochemical characteristics of biochar. Subsequently, a detailed analysis was conducted on the critical influencing factors, encompassing biochar physicochemical properties, environmental parameters, and heavy metal attributes. The core section comprehensively examines the primary remediation mechanisms, such as physical adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation, and complexation, highlighting how their relative importance shifts with biochar type and environmental context. Furthermore, remediation performance is not governed by a single mechanism but by the synergistic interplay of biochar's evolving surface chemistry, solution conditions, and metal speciation. Additionally, differences in dominant mechanisms and long-term stability are critically compared between aquatic and soil systems. Finally, we identify current knowledge gaps—particularly concerning short-term field performance, long-term aging effects, and sustainability under real-world conditions—and propose targeted future research directions to advance the practical, scalable, and safe application of biochar in heavy metal remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100597,"journal":{"name":"Green Energy and Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147399803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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