Grassland Research最新文献

{"title":"Understanding sheep baa-haviour: Investigating the relationship between pasture and animal grazing patterns","authors":"Danica Parnell,&nbsp;Igor Kardailsky,&nbsp;Jacob Parnell,&nbsp;Warwick Brabazon Badgery,&nbsp;Lachlan Ingram","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Grasslands are the primary source of feed for grazing livestock, and as such, knowledge on how to best manage livestock and grasslands, through the use of spatiotemporal modelling, will assist in the long-term management of a valuable ecosystem resource.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted over 14 months between March and April 2017 in Orange, NSW, Australia. The study evaluated sheep behaviour in relation to the presence of pasture species, environment and paddock structures, using random forest modelling, to predict sheep location under continuous high (HSR, 13 DSE ha⁻¹) and low (LSR, 7 DSE ha⁻¹) stocking rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the LSR, significant drivers included water, shade and fence lines (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). In the HSR, only fence lines and available biomass were found to be significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The presence of green legumes in both stocking rates often increased residency by sheep. Animals spent more time together in the LSR, suggesting that social behaviour played a larger role than pasture quantity and quality in driving grazing behaviours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding how pasture type can influence grazing behaviours and also how animal behaviour affects pasture performance and utilisation is important in developing long-term sustainable management strategies on a paddock scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 3","pages":"143-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76940559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying golf course nitrogen use efficiency","authors":"Michael A. H. Bekken,&nbsp;Douglas J. Soldat","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have surveyed golf courses to determine nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates on golf courses, but no previous studies have attempted to quantify how efficiently golf courses use nitrogen.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study tests the ability of the growth potential (GP) N Requirement model as a benchmarking tool to predict a target level of N use on 76 golf courses in 5 regions of the US (Midwest, Northeast, East Texas, Florida, Northwest) and 3 countries in Europe (Denmark, Norway, UK).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ratio of the golf course-wide N application rate to the GP N requirement prediction (termed the nitrogen efficiency score or NES) was 0.27, indicating that golf courses used 73% less N than predicted by the model. As such, the GP N Requirement model needs to be recalibrated to predict N use on golf courses. This was achieved by adjusting the <i>N</i>_max coefficient in the model. N rates on golf courses were widely variable both within and across regions. All regions had a coefficient of variation in N rates of 0.46 or greater.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The high variation in N rates, which is largely unexplained by climate, economic factors, grass type, and soil type, may be indicative of inefficient N use in golf course management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 3","pages":"174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88445290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of tall fescue genotypes for relative water content and osmotic potential under drought stress","authors":"Francis M. Kirigwi,&nbsp;Malay C. Saha","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12021","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tall fescue (<i>Festuca arundinacea</i> Schreb.) is an important cool-season perennial grass. Its persistence and forage yield can be severely affected by drought stresses during the hot, dry summers of the southern USA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One thousand tall fescue genotypes were evaluated in the greenhouse for high relative water content (RWC) and low cell sap osmotic potential (OP). Fifty contrasting genotypes for the two traits were identified and used in further greenhouse and field studies. These genotypes were also screened with 30% PEG8000. Root and shoot characteristics were studied in 10 genotypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The genotypes differed for RWC (33.7%–97.3%, mean: 79.7%) and had an almost fivefold difference in OP (−0.5 to −2.4 MPa, mean: −1.2 MPa). Significant variation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) for the main effects of environment and genotypes was found for RWC and OP. Apart from the greenhouse trial, no correlation was found between RWC and OP, indicating that differences in RWC might have been due to factors other than osmotic adjustment. Genotypes with either long roots or high root weights, and high root/shoot ratios demonstrated high RWC and low OP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genotypes with consistently high RWC and low OP were identified and used for the development of mapping populations and transcriptome studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"84-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82078417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of daughter tiller removal on shoot and root growth of the parent tiller in Lolium perenne","authors":"Arif Hasan Khan Robin,&nbsp;Cory Matthew","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12023","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the effects of daughter tiller removal on parent tiller development in <i>Lolium perenne</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plants of <i>L. perenne</i> were grown hydroponically to allow separation of roots by phytomer position on the tiller axis and allowed to form two daughter tillers. In Experiment 1, adult daughter tillers were excised and effects on subsequent main tiller growth were observed for 16 days, on average. In Experiment 2, the growth of main tillers with or without daughter tillers was compared over 90–100 days. Two cultivars, ‘Alto’ bred from New Zealand germplasm and ‘Aberdart’ bred from United Kingdom germplasm were tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excision of adult daughter tillers reduced the dry weight of older roots at the base of parent tiller axes and accelerated new phytomer appearance. Preventing tillers from forming daughter tillers by new tiller excision resulted in increased individual leaf and root dry weight in tillers without daughter tillers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data indicated that daughter tillers contributed substrate for root development of their parent tillers. The presence of daughter tillers reduced the size of their main tiller but greatly enhanced whole plant yield.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75435671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse perennial circular forage systems are needed to foster resilience, ecosystem services, and socioeconomic benefits in agricultural landscapes","authors":"Valentin D. Picasso,&nbsp;Marisol Berti,&nbsp;Kim Cassida,&nbsp;Sarah Collier,&nbsp;Di Fang,&nbsp;Ann Finan,&nbsp;Margaret Krome,&nbsp;David Hannaway,&nbsp;William Lamp,&nbsp;Andrew W. Stevens,&nbsp;Carol Williams","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prevailing agricultural systems dominated by annual crop monocultures, and the landscapes that contain them, lack resilience and multifunctionality. They are vulnerable to extreme weather events, contribute to degradation of soil, water, and air quality, reduce biodiversity, and negatively impact human health, social engagement, and equity. To achieve greater resilience, stability, and multiple ecosystem services therein, and to improve socioeconomic outcomes, we propose a practical framework to gain multifunctionality at multiple scales. This framework includes forages within agroecosystems that have the essential structural features of diversity, perenniality, and circularity. These three structural features are associated with increased resilience, stability, and provision of several ecosystem services, which in turn improve human health and socioeconomic outcomes. This framework improves understanding of, and access to, tools and materials for promoting the adoption of diverse circular agroecosystems with perennial forages. Application of this framework can result in land transformations that solve sustainability challenges in agriculture if policy, economic, and social barriers can be overcome by a transdisciplinary process of equitable knowledge production.</p>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79224160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defoliation affects the root competitive balance for N between Poa annua plants grown in a split-root box","authors":"Sayuki Mori,&nbsp;Louis John Irving","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12022","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plants compete aboveground for light and belowground for patchily distributed nutrients. Defoliation causes an immediate loss of leaf area and photosynthetic capacity, leading to reduced root growth, with hypothesised implications for nutrient uptake and nitrogen use efficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Experiment 1, we grew single plants in split root boxes with N supplied equally or unequally, with half the plants subject to repeated defoliation to quantify the impact of each treatment. In Experiment 2, we grew pairs of <i>Poa annua</i> plants in three-chamber split root boxes, with N supplied either to the outer chambers (no competition) or to a shared centre chamber (competition), to quantify the influence of defoliation on root competition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Experiment 1, defoliation caused a significant decrease in root mass but did not affect root distribution between chambers, while differential N supply led to an 11% increase in shoot mass. In Experiment 2, strong root competition was seen in undefoliated plants under competitive conditions. Where one plant was defoliated, the other exhibited increased shoot mass and N content in competitive, but not noncompetitive conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data suggest that plant belowground competitive success following defoliation may be strongly influenced by the spatial distribution of soil resources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"94-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85381024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate and anthropogenic drivers of changes in abundance of C4 annuals and perennials in grasslands on the Mongolian Plateau","authors":"Hao Yang,&nbsp;Karl Auerswald,&nbsp;Xiaoying Gong,&nbsp;Hans Schnyder,&nbsp;Yongfei Bai","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12019","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C4 plants have increased substantially during the past several decades in the grasslands of the Mongolian Plateau due to regional warming. Here, we explore how the patterns of abundances of C4 annuals and C4 perennials change over space and time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 280 sites with C4 plants were surveyed in four types of grasslands in 9 years. The relative biomasses of C4 plants (P_C4), C4 annuals (P_A4), and C4 perennials (P_P4) were calculated. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the drivers of changes in P_A4 and P_P4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the regional scale, P_A4 on average was 11% (±19%, SD) and P_P4 was 13% (±19%, SD). Spatially, C4 annuals dominated the C4 communities within an east–west belt region along 44° N and tended to spread toward northern latitudes (about 0.5°) and higher altitudes in the east mountainous areas. The abundance of C4 annuals decreased, while that of C4 perennials increased. The patterns of C4 annuals and C4 perennials were mainly controlled by temperature, growing season precipitation, and dynamics between the two life forms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C4 annuals exhibited competitive advantages in normal and wet years, while C4 perennials had competitive advantages in dry years. Grazing as a main human disturbance increased C4 annuals, but had no significant effect on C4 perennials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"131-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78527319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How profitable is switchgrass in Illinois, USA? An economic definition of marginal land","authors":"Nictor Namoi,&nbsp;David Archer,&nbsp;Todd S. Rosenstock,&nbsp;Chunhwa Jang,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsien Lin,&nbsp;Arvid Boe,&nbsp;DoKyoung Lee","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decisions regarding the conversion of land from an existing crop to bioenergy crops are critical for the sustainable production of both food and fuels. This study seeks to establish criteria for delineating land as “economically marginal”, and thus suited for growing switchgrass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case study of an Illinois agricultural field, the profitability of switchgrass, with farmgate prices of $44 Mg⁻¹, $66 Mg⁻¹, or $88 Mg⁻¹, was compared to corn and soybean crop prices. Further, the study also evaluates the profitability of switchgrass when replacing corn-based yield estimates from the Soil Productivity Index (SPI) of Illinois.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on a dry-matter yield of 10.45 Mg ha⁻¹, switchgrass can compete with soybeans only at the high price of $88 Mg⁻¹, but depending on location, can compete with corn at $66 Mg⁻¹. Across Illinois, at $88 ha⁻¹, all Illinois land with SPI &lt; 100% and 95% of land under SPI class C (SPI 100–116) is profitable under switchgrass. Switchgrass may not be profitable relative to corn grown in the SPI class A (SPI &gt; 133) and only 7% of class B (SPI 117–132).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results show that land with drainage and erosion limitations is economically marginal when corn and soybean yields are low, and the farmgate price for switchgrass is greater than $66 Mg⁻¹. However, this may not be possible on land where switchgrass is replacing frequent soybean rotations (corn–soybean ratio ≤ 1). Land used to produce only soybeans may only be marginal at the farmgate price of $88 Mg⁻¹. Further studies need to be conducted to identify how much land can be converted to switchgrass without harming corn production.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"111-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75633936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inoculation with native grassland soils improves native plant species germination in highly disturbed soil","authors":"Eric B. Duell,&nbsp;Karen R. Hickman,&nbsp;Gail W. T. Wilson","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Grasslands are globally imperiled, facing continued threats from anthropogenic disturbances. Seeding remains a common grassland restoration method, and yet, is typically met with limited success, partially because soils of degraded systems inhibit the germination of native species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed the germination success of 16 native grassland species sown in soils collected from a degraded grassland converted into a nonnative warm-season perennial grass, <i>Bothriochloa ischaemum</i>, and areas previously subjected to the eradication of this nonnative species. Our objectives were as follows: (1) determine native seed germination in soils collected from <i>B. ischaemum</i> or eradication control sites, compared to germination in native grassland soil, and (2) assess if native soil inoculation improves germination, compared to germination in degraded soils without inoculation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Germination of native species was exceedingly low when seeded into soil dominated by <i>B. ischaemum</i>, or in soil previously treated with combinations of herbicide and prescribed fire, relative to native grassland control. However, amendments with native grassland soil resulted in germination equivalent to native grasslands, alleviating the negative influences of degraded soils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results highlight the role of native soil in improving the germination of desirable plant species following intensive management and soil degradation. Our research may improve restoration outcomes for managers focused on the conservation and restoration of grasslands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88542909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional profiles of soil microbial communities in the alpine and temperate grasslands of China","authors":"Yunfeng Yang,&nbsp;Jizhong Zhou,&nbsp;Xue Guo","doi":"10.1002/glr2.12011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/glr2.12011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grassland ecosystems in cold regions are typical of short growing seasons and limited primary productivity, rendering soil microorganisms as major ecosystem engineers in governing biogeochemical cycling. Climate warming and extensive livestock grazing have dramatically influenced soil microbial diversity and function in grassland worldwide, but it remains elusive how functional microbial communities exist and respond to global changes. Here, we present a review to highlight similarities and differences in soil functional microbial communities between alpine grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and temperate grasslands in the Inner Mongolian Plateau, both of which are major plateaus in China, but differ substantially in geography. We show that many specialized functional groups thrive under harsh conditions, exhibiting a high functional diversity. Their community compositions mirror the heterogeneity and complexity of grassland soils. Moreover, functional microbial responses to environmental changes have been extremely variable, with few consistent patterns across both plateaus. Because we identify a lack of technical standardization that prevents in-depth comparative studies for functional microbial communities, we conclude the review by outlining several research gaps that need to be filled in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.12011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79555750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}