Grassland Research最新文献

{"title":"Breeding switchgrass for reduced nitrogen demand","authors":"Michael D. Casler,&nbsp;Prabin Bajgain","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing switchgrass (<i>Panicum virgatum</i> L.) cultivars with reduced nitrogen (N) demand is essential for sustainable biomass production. Conventional breeding under non-limiting N rates has increased yield but left unresolved the relationship between genetic diversity and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study quantified genetic variation for biomass yield, N concentration, and N removal in two switchgrass populations that were evaluated for 2 years at two locations. A handheld near-infrared reflectance spectrophotometer (NIRS) was used to quantify biomass N content, and several selection criteria, that is, single-trait, ratio, and multi-trait index, were evaluated to model long-term gains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trait heritabilities were highest for N removal (0.41–0.67) and highly variable among the selection criteria. Biomass yield and N concentration were weakly and negatively correlated, whereas N removal was strongly positively correlated with both traits. Long-term predictions indicated that single-trait selection for yield would increase N demand by &gt;100% over 20 cycles. Index-based selection outperformed single-trait selection with a favorable gain for biomass yield with reasonable increments to N demand. High predictive accuracies (&gt;90%) were obtained with the handheld NIRS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results demonstrate that multi-trait selection combined with portable NIRS could be effective in breeding switchgrass for improved NUE while maintaining high gains in biomass yield.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"235-244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grassland research: Contribution to food security and global change—A snapshot of current frontiers","authors":"Cory Matthew,&nbsp;Jin-Sheng He,&nbsp;Margarita Hartlieb","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70076","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Grasslands occupy some 40% of the world's land surface and are important in the provision of food, rural livelihoods, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, recreation opportunities for urban dwellers, and other ecosystem services for humanity (Buisson et al., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). However, the provision of these grassland services is increasingly threatened by global change and human activities. The changes vary between countries, but one common theme is an increase in human population and associated increases in livestock numbers; another is urban and infrastructure encroachment on former agricultural land and pressures from aspirations for higher standards of living. In many regions globally, an increase in grazing intensity, coupled with climate change effects, has led to the degradation of grasslands on a wide scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Grassland Research&lt;/i&gt; was launched in 2022 with the aim of building a robust platform for the scientific community and to capture the best thinking and emerging knowledge in the wider field of grassland science. The journal is dedicated to publishing high-quality, forward-thinking articles that serve a world projected to be warmer and approximately four times more populated by 2050, compared to the approximately 2.5 billion human population in the immediate post-World War II period of the mid-20th century. In January 2024, the Editor-in-Chief, Prof. Zhibiao Nan, proposed that an international forum be held as a platform for the journal to facilitate exchanges between editors, readers, and authors on this theme.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Developing this proposal, the International Forum on Grassland Research: Contribution to Food Security and Global Change, was held from 17 to 20 November, 2024, at Lanzhou University, China. The forum brought together on-site nearly 1000 participants of highly diverse backgrounds from 12 countries, and around 23 000 participants online. The forum was jointly organized and funded by the College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The aim of the conference was to “create a think-tank of international significance on positioning of grassland research efforts around the world to serve a future warmer, more populated world, and capture quality, forward-thinking content for &lt;i&gt;Grassland Research&lt;/i&gt;.” During the 2-day meeting, eight plenary addresses and 22 talks over four sessions traversed diverse fields of research from soils, forage, animals, rangeland, to grassland ecosystems (Figure 1), and different geographic regions, altitudes, and climate zones. A concurrent side meeting “Grassland Science Graduate Student International Forum,” attracted 105 posters, and a closing discussion session further extended the opportunity to share ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, we present a précis of the conference's key topics, as well as some emerging and unresolved issues that were identified as needing to","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"197-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pasture feeding improves the fatty acid composition of lamb muscle","authors":"Lynda S. Perkins,&nbsp;Alan W. Gordon,&nbsp;Nigel D. Scollan","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The nutritional quality of red meat is an increasing priority for consumers. Grass-fed lamb is known to be higher in health-promoting omega-3 fatty acids (FAs), especially relative to concentrate feeding. Given advances in pasture management, concentrate formulation, and ruminant genetics, a further assessment of FA concentrations in lamb meat is warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three groups of lambs, from one research study (<i>n</i> = 26) and two commercial studies (<i>n</i> = 57), were used. Lambs were finished on a grass or concentrate diet. FAs of longissimus dorsi (LD; <i>n</i> = 83) and quadriceps femoris (QF; <i>n</i> = 83) were measured quantitatively using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Grass relative to concentrate feeding increased the content of C18:3 n-3 (54.5 vs. 25.1 mg (100 g)^–1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), C20:5 n-3 (19.8 vs. 12.0 mg (100 g)^–1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), C22:5 n-3 (20.4 vs. 15.6 mg (100 g)^–1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and C22:6 n-3 (7.5 vs. 5.5 mg (100 g)^–1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Total FAs were increased in LD, compared to QF muscle (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Correspondingly, LC n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) was higher in QF muscle, compared to LD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consumption of grass-finished lamb, naturally enriched in n-3 PUFA, may contribute to improved dietary n-3 PUFA intake, which has been associated with reduced risk of noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"284-293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed lipid profiles of perennial ryegrass: Global patterns and differentiation of ryegrass cultivars and Epichloë endophytes","authors":"Mingshu Cao,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Wade J. Mace,&nbsp;Christine R. Voisey,&nbsp;David E. Hume,&nbsp;Richard D. Johnson,&nbsp;Sushma Prakash","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forage perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.) has been extensively researched regarding vegetative growth and quality, with its seed being relatively unexplored. The declining viability of <i>Epichloë</i> fungal endophytes in ryegrass seed during storage underscores the need for dedicated biochemical research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a lipidomic investigation of seeds from five fungal endophyte–perennial ryegrass associations: tetraploid ryegrass cultivars KLp1102, KLp1103 and KLp903 infected with the endophyte strain AR501 and cultivar KLp1102 independently infected with strain AR1 or AR37.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Storage lipids in perennial ryegrass seeds were predominantly triacylglycerols (TGs) containing C18:2, C18:1, C18:3 and C16:0 fatty acyl chains. Notably, TGs and diacylglycerols (DGs) containing medium-chain fatty acids (C8:0, C12:0 and C14:0) showed differential accumulations among the seeds of the three cultivars infected with AR501, as well as among the seeds of KLp1102 infected with AR1, AR37 and AR501. The distinct responses of typical storage glycerolipids (C18 and C16 fatty acyl chains) and medium-chain glycerolipids (C8, C12 and C14) among KLp1102-AR1, KLp1102-AR37 and KLp1102-AR501 samples highlighted the influence of endophyte strains on host biochemistry. These findings suggest that medium-chain TGs and DGs play critical roles in maintaining effective ryegrass–endophyte associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identifies numerous structural and signalling lipid species, providing a foundational understanding of lipid composition in perennial ryegrass seed. The results offer new opportunities to investigate the mechanisms underlying endophyte viability during storage and to elucidate the genetic regulation of differentially accumulated signalling lipids across different ryegrass cultivars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"222-234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining phenotypic, physiological, and multi-omics studies to provide new insights on the role of 2,4-epibrassinolide in regulation of seed shattering in Elymus sibiricus L.","authors":"Huanhuan Lu,&nbsp;Yiyang Wan,&nbsp;Liuban Tang,&nbsp;Yongsen Qiu,&nbsp;Yancui Zhao,&nbsp;Yuying Zheng,&nbsp;Wengang Xie","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seed shattering limits the production of <i>Elymus sibiricus</i> L., and application of exogenous brassinosteroid significantly alleviates plant organ abscission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the potential regulatory network of brassinosteroid on seed shattering, the abscission zone of <i>E. sibiricus</i> cv. Lanyu No. 1 treated with 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR) was analyzed from morphological, physiological, transcriptomic, proteomic, and histological perspectives in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As the dosage of EBR increased, the values of breaking tensile strength, auxin, gibberellin, and lignin showed a trend of an initial increase and then decrease, whereas abscisic acid levels, cellulase, and polygalacturonase activities showed the opposite trend, with significant correlations among different indicators. Differentially expressed transcripts (3645) and proteins (1124), including hub (75), and bridge (121) proteins, were identified in the abscission zone. The identified biosynthetic and metabolic pathways related to plant cell walls and hormones affect seed shattering. During abscission zone development, abscission zone cells in the control group gradually degraded, while this degradation was not significant under tested EBR doses at the same developmental stage, especially at 0.010 mg L⁻¹ EBR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides new insights into the regulation of seed shattering in <i>E. sibiricus</i> by brassinosteroids, and findings will also be applicable to other Triticeae species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"206-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hierarchical unmanned aerial system–light detection and ranging–satellite learning framework for scaling heterogeneous vegetation cover mapping in rangelands","authors":"Nishat Shermin,&nbsp;Narcisa G. Pricope,&nbsp;Padmanava Dash,&nbsp;Javier M. Osorio Leyton","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents a hierarchical, multi-sensor remote sensing framework that explicitly links fine-scale unmanned aerial system (UAS) observations to regional-scale satellite-based heterogeneous vegetation cover (HVC) mapping in rangelands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We integrate the UAS multispectral imagery, UAS-derived light detection and ranging (LiDAR) structural metrics, and Sentinel-1/2 satellite observations within a staged modeling design that evaluates how spectral–structural fusion and spatial upscaling influence classification performance. Four machine-learning models were developed to isolate the contribution of UAS-only, UAS + LiDAR, and satellite-fusion strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results show that UAS + LiDAR integration provides the highest discriminatory power (overall accuracy 95% with the XGBoost model), with canopy height alone contributing up to 32% of model importance and substantially improving shrub–woody separation. UAS-only models perform well for spectrally distinct classes, but degrade in structurally complex vegetation. Satellite-based models enable regional scalability but show lower accuracy (73%–82%) and boundary confusion due to mixed pixels and limited training density.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary contribution of this work is a transferable, sensor-agnostic framework for scaling ecological information across platforms, where high-resolution UAS models supply structured training data for satellite monitoring rather than acting as standalone products. This approach supports operational rangeland decision-making by combining precision diagnostics with regional surveillance capacity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"245-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The nitrogen dilemma: Toward a novel fertilization management framework for reconciling productivity and diversity in grasslands","authors":"André Fischer Sbrissia,&nbsp;Marilia Barbosa Chiavegato,&nbsp;Daniel Augusto Barreta,&nbsp;Sila Carneiro Da Silva,&nbsp;Maria Gabriela Pittaro,&nbsp;Rodrigo Amorim Barbosa","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nitrogen fertilization is essential for meeting global forage demand, but consistently drives biodiversity loss in managed grasslands, creating a fundamental dilemma for sustainable agriculture. Evidence suggests that nitrogen-induced competitive hierarchies are neither instantaneous nor irreversible: diversity loss follows dose-dependent temporal trajectories that create intervention windows before dominance becomes entrenched and can be partially reversed when nitrogen inputs are reduced, a management opportunity that conventional uniform fertilization strategies fail to exploit. We propose a dynamic nutrient management framework (the PRISM framework, see below) based on systematic spatiotemporal rotation of nitrogen application rates across paddocks over time. The framework operates through alternating high-nitrogen phases (promoting productivity) with low-nitrogen phases (disrupting competitive hierarchies and creating conditions for less competitive species to thrive). By creating controlled heterogeneity in nutrient availability, this approach aims to maintain farm-scale productivity while periodically enabling legume recovery and the associated benefits of biological nitrogen fixation, reduced nitrous oxide emissions, and enhanced system resilience. We present the conceptual foundation, illustrate implementation through a hypothetical scenario, and identify critical research priorities. If validated, this framework suggests that the apparent conflict between intensification and biodiversity conservation may reflect the limitations of current management approaches rather than a fundamental ecological constraint.</p>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"304-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the impacts of grazing management on livestock behavior and performance: A case study in the Peruvian Andes","authors":"Melody R. Zarria Samanamud,&nbsp;Randall B. Boone","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the Peruvian Andes, rangelands play a critical role in livestock production. A major challenge for sustainable livestock production systems in this remote region is the limited understanding of how management affects livestock performance. Agent-based models are well suited to address this challenge by representing households and livestock and their interactions with the environment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We built an Agent-based model of laNd management Dynamics and Ecosystem Services (ANDES) to analyze the impacts of grazing management on forage consumption, grazing behavior, and the body condition of cattle and sheep in a valley in the Peruvian Andes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Livestock responses to grazing management varied by species. Forage consumption and body condition were highest under “45-day rotation” and “population reduction” scenarios, which involved reducing livestock populations and implementing new grazing field rotations. Mortality followed a trend similar to the body condition index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suboptimal livestock responses across management scenarios highlight the need for stocking rate adjustments. Herding practices should be incorporated into current cattle management, as they can improve animal performance and reduce impacts on ecosystems. Sustainable management strategies in the valley should integrate biotic and abiotic factors (e.g., forage production and topography), herding practices, and producers' needs and priorities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"270-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent leaf and root responses to autumn freezing in perennial herbs: Insights from cutting and transplant manipulations","authors":"Zhengjie Yan,&nbsp;Cheng Chen,&nbsp;Xin Jing,&nbsp;Shuai Ren,&nbsp;Junpeng Rui,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Jin-Sheng He","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Freezing resistance is a critical but often overlooked trait that influences growing season-length and constrains plant distribution. A key limitation in its study is the prevalent reliance on excised tissues from cuttings, which bypasses whole-plant physiology. Whether this approach biases results by disrupting leaf–root hormonal signaling has not yet been tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we used a unique dual-approach design comparing excised cuttings with intact transplanted individuals to directly test how sampling method affects the assessments of autumn freezing resistance in both leaves and roots.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We detected no significant difference in autumn freezing resistance between the two sampling approaches. Roots, however, were significantly more vulnerable to frost than leaves. Although both tissue water content and carbohydrate levels were associated with freezing resistance, their interactive effect was significantly stronger in leaves, indicating divergent physiological stress-response mechanisms between above- and below-ground tissues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study demonstrates that roots and leaves use distinct physiological strategies to cope with autumn freezing. This highlights the need to elucidate root-specific mechanisms of freezing resistance, especially given the projected loss of insulating snow cover under climate change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"312-321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed rainfall diminishes the positive response of soil respiration to warming","authors":"Shuotian Lai,&nbsp;Changlin Xu,&nbsp;Wenao Wu,&nbsp;Weixin Cheng,&nbsp;Biao Zhu","doi":"10.1002/glr2.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glr2.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil respiration (R_s) is a highly sensitive and consequential process in terrestrial ecosystem carbon (C) cycling under global change scenarios, particularly warming and altered precipitation patterns. However, how warming and delayed rainfall interact to influence R_s and its components remains poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we combined a field factorial manipulation experiment with δ¹³C natural abundance partitioning and a complementary meta-analysis to quantify responses of R_s and its components in grassland ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that warming and delayed rainfall exerted contrasting effects on R_s, with warming overall tending to stimulate R_s and delayed rainfall tending to suppress it. Crucially, results from the field experiment indicated that the strong negative effect of delayed rainfall could additively diminish or even reverse the positive net response of R_s to warming, a pattern further supported by the meta-analysis, revealing an average 9.7% reduction in R_s under their combined effects. This interaction was most pronounced during the mid-growing season, as warming exacerbated drought stress under delayed rainfall, potentially shifting the ecosystem from temperature limitation to water limitation. Moreover, such warming-induced drought drove differential responses of respiration components, where autotrophic respiration showed higher sensitivity than heterotrophic respiration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings demonstrate that delayed rainfall diminishes the warming-induced stimulation of R_s by exacerbating moisture deficits. Consequently, ignoring the interaction between warming and delayed rainfall may lead to overestimations of positive soil carbon–climate feedback under future compound hot–dry scenarios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100593,"journal":{"name":"Grassland Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"294-303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/glr2.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}