Fuel Communications最新文献

{"title":"Properties and Autoignition reactivity of diesel boiling range ethers produced from Guerbet alcohols","authors":"Robert L. McCormick ,&nbsp;Jon Luecke ,&nbsp;Samah Y. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Gina M. Fioroni ,&nbsp;Nimal Naser ,&nbsp;Teresa L. Alleman ,&nbsp;Seonah Kim ,&nbsp;Michael P. Lanci ,&nbsp;Kenneth Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine the properties of diesel boiling range ethers made from coupling of alcohols produced by oligomerization of ethanol (Guerbet alcohols) for their utility as low-carbon liquid fuel blendstocks. Basic properties of boiling point, flash point, freezing point, density and viscosity are well suited for blending into diesel fuels. For the mixture of ethers the lightest component, di-n-butyl ether, can be present at up to 20 vol% while still having adequately high flashpoint for safe handling. Soot formation tendency (as yield sooting index) is well below that of conventional diesel. The ethers have similar compatibility with elastomers as conventional diesel, based on Hansen solubility parameter analysis. Oxidation stability was assessed for 30 vol% blends of individual ethers in a conventional diesel fuel using a long-term storage test. Over 6 weeks we observed no formation of peroxides or degradation. n-alkyl ethers with carbon number of 8 or higher have cetane number over 100, which is outside the defined range of cetane number, while branched ethers are over 70. The ethers also blend antagonistically into conventional diesel for cetane number, meaning that the blend cetane value is lower than predicted based on a linear by volume, mass, or mole model. We show that aromatics and naphthenes likely act as radical scavengers to slow or shut down autoignition of the highly reactive ethers at low to medium blend levels. Overall, diesel boiling range ethers show significant promise as high quality low-net carbon diesel blendstocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of potential sites for biogas production plants from domestic, agricultural, and livestock waste","authors":"Rahim Moltames ,&nbsp;Younes Noorollahi ,&nbsp;Hossein Yousefi ,&nbsp;Behzad Azizimehr ,&nbsp;Amir Naseri","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Employing biomass energy can potentially play a key role in decreasing the environmental effects of non-renewable energy sources, especially global warming and its consequences. However, the availability of agricultural biomass, municipal garbage, and livestock waste is locally dispersed. The spatial distribution of these resources and the associated collection and transportation costs are the most important critical points for the success of the biomass power conversion facility. The biomass, scattered and loose, has a large cost of collecting and transporting, which can be reduced by proper planning and locating biomass collection centers and biomass-based power plants. Before planning collection centers, it is essential to assess biomass, energy, and the cost of biomass collection in this field. In this study, the biomass feed potential is evaluated using a Geographic Information System (GIS) to identify sites with biomass feed input capacity. Using the transport planning method, the best city to build the biomass power plant is specified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of difference in heating sources on ammonia reactivity: Possibility for photolysis-assisted ammonia combustion","authors":"Kenta Tamaoki ,&nbsp;Yoshito Ishida ,&nbsp;Takuya Tezuka ,&nbsp;Hisashi Nakamura","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ammonia (NH₃) reactivity in a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature profile (MFR) is reexamined through species measurements utilizing two heating sources in the MFR: an H₂/air flat flame and an electric heater. The maximum wall temperatures (<em>T</em>_w,<span><math><mspace></mspace></math></span>_max) formed in the reactor vary in a range of <em>T</em>_w,<span><math><mspace></mspace></math></span>_max = 1100–1400 K. A stoichiometric NH₃/air mixture is tested, and exhaust NH₃ is detected by a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS). Unexpectedly, NH₃ is completely consumed at temperatures at least 100 K lower in the H₂/air flat flame case compared to the electric furnace case, despite nearly identical conditions of a MFR characteristic residence time estimated by the wall temperature profiles and the convective flow velocity. Considering the non-thermal characteristics of the two heating sources that the H₂/air flat flame emits ultraviolet light, whereas infrared light as thermal radiation is emitted within the electric furnace, the possibility of NH₃ photolysis in the H₂/air flat flame case is discussed based on literature regarding emissions from the H₂/air flames, the transmittance of the quartz tube, and the photodissociation of NH₃ in the ultraviolet region. When ultraviolet light emitted from the H₂/air flat flame passes through the quartz tube and decomposes NH₃ into NH₂ and H radicals, these produced radicals enhance the growth of OH radicals, resulting in increased NH₃ reactivity. These findings suggest the possibility of photolysis-assisted ammonia combustion, which could be an additional method to overcome the low reactivity of NH₃.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000256/pdfft?md5=9d520c2f438656e3cacdeeeeb7b18442&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000256-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations on conical lean turbulent premixed hydrogenated natural gas flames","authors":"Dilay Güleryüz ,&nbsp;Christophe Allouis ,&nbsp;İskender Gökalp","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen's ability to enhance carbon neutrality in combustion processes puts forward the use of hydrogenated fuels, both in the form of fuel and an energy carrier as a potential decarbonization solution. However, because of the nature of hydrogen, blending it with hydrocarbons causes crucial structural changes in the flame structure, including higher flame propagation velocities and higher flame temperatures, decreased instantaneous flame thickness, and increased risks of flame flashback and an increasing potential of NO_x emissions due to higher flame temperatures. These attributes encourage a thorough examination of hydrogenated blends of hydrocarbon fuels. Using lean premixed fuels is another technique to achieve efficient and cleaner combustion. However, due to the problem of flame instability in lean premixed combustion, forecasting the design points in terms of flame attributes is critical for better combustor designs.</p><p>In this study, conical (Bunsen type) lean premixed turbulent flames of hydrogenated natural gas-air mixtures are experimentally studied. Through chemiluminescence measurements of the OH* and CH* radicals and laser-induced Mie scattering, lean natural gas-air premixed flames are examined with subsequently increasing hydrogen addition rates up to 20% by volume and keeping the premixture velocity constant. The obtained data is utilized for exploring the dynamics of the turbulent flame front. The main turbulent premixed flame parameters we identified relate to the instantaneous and average topology of the flame such as the turbulent flame brush thickness and flame height. We also inferred global combustion parameters like the turbulent flame propagation speed from the experimental findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000232/pdfft?md5=a77f27acbf10883d74ac46c33a6d66a3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000232-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141705235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity in the acceptance of sustainable aviation fuels: Uncovering varying motivational patterns","authors":"Eva-Maria Schomakers,&nbsp;Linda Engelmann,&nbsp;Martina Ziefle","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aviation sector’s significant contribution to greenhouse gas emissions has spurred interest in sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) as a means to mitigate environmental impact. This study examines user diversity in the public acceptance of power-to-liquid aviation fuels (eSAF), exploring varying attitudes towards the environment, flying, and eSAF adoption. Through a quantitative survey of a representative German sample, three distinct segments emerged: the Environment-Centered Approvers, the Flying-Centered Approvers, and the Skeptical. The Environment-Centered Approvers prioritize environmental concerns and perceive moral obligations to use eSAF for climate protection. In contrast, the Flying-Centered Approvers prioritize the continuation of flying with reduced environmental impact, while the Skeptical exhibit a more cautious and uncertain stance towards eSAF adoption. The study highlights the importance of tailoring communication strategies based on the unique motivations and concerns of each subgroup to effectively promote eSAF adoption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000244/pdfft?md5=32ab733c7b18d0d4f199763a996b2ec6&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000244-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flame stabilization and pollutant emissions of turbulent ammonia and blended ammonia flames: A review of the recent experimental and numerical advances","authors":"Mahmoud M.A. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Leilei Xu ,&nbsp;Xue-Song Bai ,&nbsp;Zubayr O. Hassan ,&nbsp;Marwan Abdullah ,&nbsp;Jaeheon Sim ,&nbsp;Emre Cenker ,&nbsp;W.L. Roberts ,&nbsp;A.M. Elbaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compared to traditional hydrocarbon fuels, ammonia presents significant challenges as a fuel, including high ignition energy, low reactivity, slow flame propagation, and high NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub></math></span> emissions, which hinder its use as a renewable fuel. Blending ammonia with fossil fuels like natural gas improves its combustion reactivity and helps mitigate CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span> emissions. However, there is still much to understand about the complex dynamics of ammonia and its blends with hydrocarbons. Key areas such as reaction kinetics mechanisms, ignition properties, flame propagation behaviors, and methods for controlling combustion performance under various conditions require further elucidation. This paper reviews recent advancements in experiments and numerical simulations aimed at developing stable, and low-emission combustors for ammonia-fired power generation. Recent burner and flame configurations, including non-swirling jets, single-stage swirl burners, two-stage burners, and newly developed double-swirl burners are analyzed for their flame stability and pollutant emission potential when firing ammonia and ammonia blends. Chemical kinetic modeling of ammonia and its blends plays a crucial role in understanding combustion behavior and pollutant emissions, particularly for NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub></math></span>. However, there are challenges in predicting NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub></math></span> emissions accurately, with significant disparities among different models. High-fidelity numerical simulations using detailed and skeletal mechanisms, direct numerical simulation, and large eddy simulation, have helped uncover crucial operational conditions affecting combustion and pollutant emissions, such as combustor pressure, air dilution, wall cooling, fuel/air mixing, and fuel blending. Nonetheless, the accuracy of chemical kinetic models and their integration into turbulent flow simulations remain critical limitations for numerical simulations of ammonia combustion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000220/pdfft?md5=cb1bbbaeb7675aae248b7210d3813969&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000220-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turbulent partially cracked ammonia/air premixed spherical flames","authors":"S. Zitouni,&nbsp;P. Bréquigny,&nbsp;C. Mounaïm-Rousselle","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The combustion of ammonia requires, for most energy conversion systems, a combustion promoter such as hydrogen to guarantee the start-up, stability and combustion efficiency. Partially cracked ammonia (PCA) can provide sufficient hydrogen concentrations to enhance the burning velocity in comparison with pure ammonia. However, little work exists on the use of PCA blends operating under relevant turbulent conditions. To that end the outwardly propagating spherical flame configuration was employed to determine the laminar and turbulent flame propagation characteristics of PCA (NH₃/(H₂+N₂)) and corresponding binary (NH₃/H₂) mixtures across various turbulent combustion regimes. First, PCA and ammonia-hydrogen blends exhibit similar flame propagation rates under various turbulent intensities, even for the laminar case. The highest turbulent burning velocity was observed at leanest conditions, as opposed to laminar flames which exhibited highest flame speed at conditions above stoichiometry. Under rich conditions, no substantial flame enhancement due to turbulence was measured irrespective of the hydrogen content. This lack of flame enhancement under turbulent conditions is attributed to the effect of preferential diffusion with good agreement observed with trends in measured Markstein numbers. The normalized turbulent flame speed is dominated by the enhanced molecular diffusivity afforded by the presence of hydrogen up to 15 % enrichment, prior to decreasing upon further hydrogen addition under lean and stoichiometric conditions. This ‘bending’ phenomenon may be the contribution of several factors including; the transitioning between combustion regimes associated with low Damköhler numbers (Da) and flame thickening; merging of flamelets due to the presence of ammonia enhancing wrinkling; and combined changes in laminar burning velocity and preferential diffusional behavior. Furthermore, good agreement for turbulent flame speed is observed with a correlation that includes the influence of turbulent stretch (Ka) and non-equidiffusion (Le), with the agreement reducing with decreasing chemical to turbulent time scale ratios (Da &lt;&lt; 1).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000219/pdfft?md5=b28a457cf286e40da95a940c730bee7b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000219-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing sustainable urban mobility: insights from best practices and case studies","authors":"Dimitrios Minas Papadakis,&nbsp;Andreas Savvides,&nbsp;Aimilios Michael,&nbsp;Apostolos Michopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cities continue to expand along with the growth of population, while our mobility systems often fail to meet the demands for social, environmental and economic sustainability. The second industrial revolution enabled the extensive use of private vehicles, posing various challenges to the sustainability of such systems. Luckily, several best practices aiming at tackling this issue have been identified in the past, facilitating progress towards sustainability. Nowadays, this progress is strongly supported by the call for cities to develop Sustainable Mobility Plans (SUMPS), which stands as an opportunity for best practices to be implemented in coordination with relevant policies. This research identifies the best practices that promote a modal shift, while it investigates their alignment with the strategy that enhances public transport services, encourages active mobility and disincentivizes private vehicle usage. Therefore, the presentation of these practices, introduces a set of initiatives that under aforementioned strategy promotes a modal shift. Furthermore, through the identification of best practices in various locations, several insights and inferences are drawn, providing useful guidance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000207/pdfft?md5=2f485dfdb0db375feff676df9f857c0a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000207-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge is power: Electric vehicle calculator for cold climates","authors":"Michelle M. Wilber ,&nbsp;Jennifer I. Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We used crowdsourced data in Alaska and the literature to develop a light-duty electric vehicle model to help policymakers, researchers, and consumers understand the trade-offs between internal combustion and electric vehicles. This model forms the engine of a calculator, which was developed in partnership with residents from three partner Alaskan communities. This calculator uses a typical hourly temperature profile for any chosen community in Alaska along with a relationship of energy use vs. temperature while driving or while parked to determine the annual cost and emissions for an electric vehicle. Other user inputs include miles driven per day, electricity rate, and whether the vehicle is parked in a heated space. A database of community power plant emissions per unit of electricity is used to determine emissions based on electricity consumption. This tool was updated according to community input on ease of use, relevance, and usefulness. It could easily be adapted to other regions of the world. The incorporation of climate, social, and economic inputs allow us to holistically capture real world situations and adjust as the physical and social environment changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000190/pdfft?md5=7f501805072cd9bb5e2b1471c89df337&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000190-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141090921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and modeling of a co-flow reactor for turquoise hydrogen production","authors":"Francesco Cenvinzo ,&nbsp;Emanuele Alberto Scelzo ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Sorrentino ,&nbsp;Mario Commodo ,&nbsp;Andrea D'Anna","doi":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfueco.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work focuses on the design of a reactor for producing clean hydrogen from methane pyrolysis in the form of the so-called “turquoise hydrogen”. In addition to its simple geometry, the fundamental concept and the main novelty of the proposed method rely on using part of the methane to produce the required heat needed for the thermal decomposition of methane (TDM). The reactor configuration for hydrogen production is shown to produce significant advantages in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A reactive flow CFD model incorporating also soot formation mechanism has been first developed and validated with experimental results available in the literature and then used to design and characterize the performances of proposed reactor configuration. 3D CFD simulations have been carried out to predict the behavior of the reactor configuration; a sensitivity analysis is used for clearing the aspect related to key environmental parameters, e.g., the global warming impact (GWI). The real potential of the proposed design resides in the low emissions and high efficiency with which hydrogen is produced at the various operating conditions (very flexible reactor), albeit subject to the presence of carbon by-product. This suggests that this type of methane conversion system could be a good substitute for the most common hydrogen production technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100556,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Communications","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052024000189/pdfft?md5=8fa46a43d3c49b337b4f89ad5b8cbcac&pid=1-s2.0-S2666052024000189-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141035389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}