Forage & Grazinglands最新文献_第7页

Annual Medic Forage and Seed Evaluations for the Semiarid Regions of the Great Plains 大平原半干旱区牧草和种子年度评价

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-09-12 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0912-01-RS

Twain J. Butler, Sindy M. Interrante, Dariusz P. Malinowski, Keith Widdup

引用次数: 2

Controlling Saw Palmetto with Individual Plant and Broadcast Herbicide Treatments 单株和撒播除草剂防治锯棕榈

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-08-29 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0829-01-RS

Brandon J. Fast, Jason A. Ferrell, Brent A. Sellers, William N. Kline

引用次数: 0

Selecting Sorghum Forages for Limited and Full Irrigation and Rainfed Conditions in Semiarid, Subtropical Environments 半干旱、亚热带条件下有限和充分灌溉和雨养条件下高粱牧草的选择

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-08-19 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0819-03-RS

Leonard M. Lauriault, Mark A. Marsalis, Dawn M. VanLeeuwen

{"title":"Selecting Sorghum Forages for Limited and Full Irrigation and Rainfed Conditions in Semiarid, Subtropical Environments","authors":"Leonard M. Lauriault, Mark A. Marsalis, Dawn M. VanLeeuwen","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0819-03-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0819-03-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) forage producers in semiarid regions must maximize yield with reduced irrigation. Dry matter yields of furrow-irrigated sorghum forage [conventional and photoperiod-sensitive sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor var Sudanese) hybrids (SS and PS, respectively) and forage sorghum (FS)] managed for hay in cultivar evaluations (randomized complete blocks with four replications) were compared from two years each of full irrigation (FULL: 4 furrow irrigations/year, applying approximately 6 inches each; two harvests), limited irrigation (LIM: 2 furrow irrigations/year, applying approximately 6 inches each; two harvests), and no irrigation (NONE: one harvest). Significant (P < 0.05) sorghum forage type comparisons for annual yield were observed within FULL and LIM because SS outyielded FS when irrigated, with PS being intermediate (4.54 vs. 5.62 tons/acre for FS and SS within FULL, respectively, and 4.17, 5.04, and 5.38 tons/acre for FS, PS, and SS within LIM, respectively). Within NONE, PS outyielded SS, and FS was intermediate (1.59, 1.75, and 1.28 tons/acre for FS, PS, and SS within NONE, respectively). Seasonal precipitation distribution likely impacted yields. Results indicate that SS or PS hybrids are best for hay production when irrigation water is available and that FS and PS hybrids are better than conventional SS hybrids under rainfed conditions.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2011-0819-03-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92298675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Value of Cowpea and Lablab in the Southern High Plains of the USA 美国南部高平原豇豆和实验室干物质产量和营养价值

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-08-19 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0819-02-RS

Francisco E. Contreras-Govea, Sergio Soto-Navarro, David Calderon-Mendoza, Mark A. Marsalis, Leonard M. Lauriault

{"title":"Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Value of Cowpea and Lablab in the Southern High Plains of the USA","authors":"Francisco E. Contreras-Govea, Sergio Soto-Navarro, David Calderon-Mendoza, Mark A. Marsalis, Leonard M. Lauriault","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0819-02-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0819-02-RS","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to fixing N in the soil, legumes can be a good source of forage for livestock. The objective of this study was to assess the dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive value of two warm-season annual legumes (WSAL) as potential new forages for the Southern High Plains of the USA. Lablab bean (Lablab purpureus L.) cv Rio Verde (RV) and Rongai (RO) and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cv Iron and Clay (I&C) and Catjang (CATJ) were sown for two years at NMSU-Agricultural Science Center at Artesia. Legumes were harvested once in 2008 and twice in 2009 at a maturity stage that ranged from vegetative to 10% green pod. Dry matter yield and nutritive value were analyzed between years, species, and cultivar within species for first cut. Lablab had greater DM yield than cowpea in both years averaging 2.82 Mg/ha for lablab and 1.53 Mg/ha for cowpea at first cut. Among cultivars for first cut, RO had the greatest DM yield of all four cultivars (0.80, 2.26, 2.51, and 3.11 Mg/ha for CATJ, I&C, RV, and RO, respectively; SEM = 0.357). Crude protein (CP) concentration was > 200 g/kg in all legumes, but it was 28.6 g/kg greater in cowpea than lablab. Additionally, NDF and ADF concentrations were lower in cowpea than lablab. Considering the higher DM yield and reasonable nutritive value, lablab has greater potential for forage production than cowpea and could be an additional source of forage for dairy or beef cattle in Southern High Plains of the USA.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2011-0819-02-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92298673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Evaluation of Various Pre-emergent and Post-emergent Herbicides on Five Summer Legumes 5种夏季豆科植物苗期前后除草剂的效果评价

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-08-19 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0819-01-RS

Twain J. Butler, Jeremy J. Pittman, Sindy M. Interrante

{"title":"Evaluation of Various Pre-emergent and Post-emergent Herbicides on Five Summer Legumes","authors":"Twain J. Butler, Jeremy J. Pittman, Sindy M. Interrante","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0819-01-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0819-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Currently there is little information regarding weed control in legumes; therefore, the effects of 16 pre-emergent and 12 post-emergent herbicide treatments were evaluated on five summer legumes during the 2005, 2006, and 2007 seasons. Pre-emergent herbicides generally did not improve legume yield, except for imazethapyr (Pursuit/Newpath) on Korean lespedeza. Post-emergent application of 2,4-DB (Butryrac) provided 94 to 97% control of woolly croton (Croton capitatus Michx.) but no control of pigweed (Amaranthus sp.), and it caused excessive injury to these legumes, except for Korean lespedeza. Fluazifop (Fusilade), sethoxydim (PoastPlus), and clethodim (Select) applied post-emergent provided the greatest large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop] control (91, 91, and 94%, respectively) and did not injure any of the legumes. Imazethapyr and imazamox (Raptor) provided moderate (63 to 72%) woolly croton control with little legume injury. Imazapic (Plateau/Impose) and imazapic-glyphosate (Journey) produced moderate visual injury ratings for all forage legume species (17 to 32%) and provided good woolly croton control (82%) and moderate large crabgrass (43 to 59%) and pigweed (45%) control. Therefore, imazethapyr, imazamox, and imazapic have the greatest potential for improving yield and quality of these summer legumes.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92298674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Novel Approaches to Establishing Alfalfa-Tall Fescue Pastures in the Southern Great Plains 在南部大平原建立苜蓿-高羊茅草场的新途径

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-07-25 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0725-01-RS

Twain J. Butler, Jimmy D. Stein, Sindy M. Interrante, Dariusz P. Malinowski

{"title":"Novel Approaches to Establishing Alfalfa-Tall Fescue Pastures in the Southern Great Plains","authors":"Twain J. Butler, Jimmy D. Stein, Sindy M. Interrante, Dariusz P. Malinowski","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0725-01-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0725-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Mixtures of cool-season perennial grasses and perennial legumes in pastures have potential to improve forage production, seasonal distribution, and animal performance. Two experiments were initiated at Vernon, TX (Wichita clay loam), Vashti, TX (Anocon loam), or Ardmore, OK (Durant loam), evaluating the effects of various row orientations on the establishment of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Bulldog 505) and tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort cv. Flecha]. Row orientations in experiment I included alternating drill passes (5.6 ft), alternating drill rows (7.5 inch), and binary mixture of alfalfa and tall fescue planted in the same drill row. Row orientations in experiment II included perpendicular rows, alternating drill rows, and a combination of both alternating and perpendicular drill row orientations. In experiment I, both alternating drill passes and alternating drill rows resulted in successful establishment, while the binary mixture resulted in excessive competition. In experiment II, both alternating drill rows and the combination of alternating and perpendicular row orientation treatments generally resulted in successful establishment and adequate composition of alfalfa and tall fescue. The combination of alternating and perpendicular planting orientation offers best potential to minimize preferential grazing while maintaining adequate stand density and persistence in the southern Great Plains.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2011-0725-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92198780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Nitrogen Timing for Boot Stage Triticale Forage Yield and Phosphorus Uptake 孕穗期小黑麦牧草产量和磷吸收的施氮时机

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-07-22 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0722-01-RS

Bradford Brown

{"title":"Nitrogen Timing for Boot Stage Triticale Forage Yield and Phosphorus Uptake","authors":"Bradford Brown","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0722-01-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0722-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Boot-stage winter triticale (× Triticosecale rampaui Wittm.) is a popular double-crop option for dairymen that increases forage production and phosphorus (P) removal in the Pacific Northwest USA. Optimal nitrogen (N) management for forage yield and P removal and a convenient plant assay of N sufficiency for this option are not well established. Thus, the objective was (i) to refine N fertilizer rate and timing and (ii) to evaluate forage crude protein (CP) as a reasonable diagnostic for plant N sufficiency. Irrigated winter triticale in low and compost-P-enriched soil was treated with eight N fertilizer treatments: a non-fertilized control; five fall pre-plant urea N rates, (60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 lb/acre); and two late-winter urea N rates (120 and 240 lb/acre). Applied N increased boot-stage forage biomass, CP, nitrates, and N and P uptake. Compared to late-winter N, fall pre-plant N increased boot-stage forage yield as much as 33% and P uptake as much as 22% in P enriched soil. More N was required for maximizing P removal than was required for maximizing forage production. Forage CP provided a reasonable estimate of plant N sufficiency with 10.0 to 11.0% CP indicating sufficient available N for maximum forage production. In summary, pre-plant N is preferable to delayed late-winter topdressed N for maximum boot-stage triticale forage yield and soil P removal.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92194775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Grazing and Finishing Performance of Steers that Grazed Nontoxic Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue 饲喂无毒内生菌感染的高羊茅的阉牛放牧性能和肥育性能

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0628-01-RS

Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, George A. Milliken

{"title":"Grazing and Finishing Performance of Steers that Grazed Nontoxic Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue","authors":"Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, George A. Milliken","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0628-01-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0628-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 192 steers were used to evaluate grazing and subsequent finishing gains and forage availability from tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire] pastures infected with nontoxic endophytes in 2004, 2005, and 2006. Cultivar-endophyte treatments evaluated were high-endophyte ‘Kentucky 31’ (HE31), low-endophyte Kentucky 31 (LE31), ‘HiMag’ infected with Strain 4 endophyte (HM4), and ‘Jesup’ infected with AR542 endophyte (‘MaxQ’). Pastures with LE31, HM4, or MaxQ produced higher (P < 0.05) steer grazing average daily gain (ADG), more (P < 0.05) gain per acre, and higher (P < 0.05) total BW gain per steer than HE31. Steer ADG, gain per acre, total BW gain per steer, and available forage were similar (P > 0.05) among pastures with LE31, HM4, or MaxQ. The HE31 had greater (P < 0.05) available forage than LE31, HM4, or MaxQ. USDA yield grade, marbling score, and percentage of carcasses grading choice were similar (P > 0.05) among fescue treatments. The toxic endophyte had a negative effect on performance of stocker steers grazing tall fescue pasture, but had no negative carryover effects on subsequent finishing performance other than steers that previously grazed these pastures had lower ending weight and yielded lighter carcasses.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92312381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Managing Nitrogen for Crabgrass Hay Production 杂草干草生产中的氮肥管理

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-05-19 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0519-01-RS

Joseph L. Moyer, Daniel W. Sweeney

{"title":"Managing Nitrogen for Crabgrass Hay Production","authors":"Joseph L. Moyer, Daniel W. Sweeney","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0519-01-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0519-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the forage produced in the subhumid areas of the USA is from cool-season species, which mature and become dormant in early summer. This results in minimal forage produced in mid- to late summer, a time referred to as a “summer slump.” ‘Red River’ crabgrass [Digitaria ciliaris (Retz) Koel.] is a productive warm-season annual that can fill this void, but optimum N fertilizer management for this species is unknown in much of the eastern plains of the USA. We tested N rates of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 lb N/acre from two sources, urea and ammonium nitrate, applied as single or split applications, on two cuttings during two years that contrasted in rainfall. A yield plateau was reached just above 100 lb N/acre both years, although yield was 2× higher in the moist year. However, forage fertilized with more than 100 lb N/acre generally had a higher N concentration than forage that received less N. Split application often resulted in less forage with a lower N concentration in the first cutting, but more in the second cutting than a single N application. Responses to N source were small, with application as ammonium nitrate yielding more than urea only in the second cutting at lower N rates.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92371672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beef Cows Grazing Fescue Respond to Yeast Culture Supplementation During the Latter Stages of Lactation and Grazing Season 放牧羊茅肉牛在泌乳期后期和放牧季节对添加酵母培养物的响应

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2011-05-18 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2011-0518-01-RS

Stephen L. Boyles

{"title":"Beef Cows Grazing Fescue Respond to Yeast Culture Supplementation During the Latter Stages of Lactation and Grazing Season","authors":"Stephen L. Boyles","doi":"10.1094/FG-2011-0518-01-RS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2011-0518-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Angus and Angus-Hereford cows were used to evaluate the effect of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) culture (YC) provided in a free-choice mineral mix on fescue-based pasture. Organic matter intake was similar in June but higher in August (P = 0.01) in the YC group (0.19 oz/lb Body Weight) in relation to the control group (0.14 oz/lb Body Weight). August organic matter digestibility was higher (P = 0.04) in the YC group (27.2%) compared to controls (21.1%). Neutral detergent fiber digestibility was also higher (P = 0.03) in the YC group (51.4%) compared to the control group (48.1%). Cows supplemented with YC had similar milk production to control at day 60 in lactation but greater (P = 0.05) milk production at 120 days in lactation compared to control (13.2 vs. 10.1 lbs/day). No differences were found in calf birth weights or weaning weights (P > 0.20). Supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisae increased organic matter intake and fiber digestibility compared to controls later in the summer grazing period when fiber levels were increasing. This corresponded to higher milk production compared to controls during the later grazing period.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2011-0518-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92299927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0