Forage & Grazinglands最新文献_第10页

Late Planting Date Influences the Yield and Distribution of Pearl Millet Forage 晚播期影响珍珠粟饲料产量和分布

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-07-06 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0706-01-RS

Dennis W. Hancock, R. Greg Durham

{"title":"Late Planting Date Influences the Yield and Distribution of Pearl Millet Forage","authors":"Dennis W. Hancock, R. Greg Durham","doi":"10.1094/FG-2010-0706-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/FG-2010-0706-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Staggered plantings of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] are recommended to better distribute forage production throughout the growing season, but the effect later planting has on yield potential and distribution are not well understood. The effect of delayed planting on total dry matter (DM) yield and the distribution of the yield produced by pearl millet were compared over three years in a small plot experiment at the University of Georgia's Plant Sciences Farm located near Watkinsville, GA. Five planting date treatments (beginning ca. 27 April of each year and on ca. 30-day increments thereafter) were compared. Total DM yields were the highest in the late April planting and decreased linearly (by as much as 80 lb/acre) for each day plantings were delayed past late April in 2008 and 2009 and quadratically during the extreme drought conditions of 2007. In contrast to previous reports for irrigated pearl millet plantings, the forage accumulation rate during the season did not result in a skewed distribution of yield in the planting dates of the current study. Staggering plantings beyond late April may not improve yield distribution within the forage system because of the yield decreases associated with later plantings of pearl millet.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121306881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Analyses of Louisiana and Mississippi Producers' Samples Reveal Mineral Status of Forages 对路易斯安那州和密西西比州生产者样品的分析揭示了牧草的矿物状况

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-06-16 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0616-01-RS

Kun-Jun Han, Michael E. McCormick

{"title":"Analyses of Louisiana and Mississippi Producers' Samples Reveal Mineral Status of Forages","authors":"Kun-Jun Han, Michael E. McCormick","doi":"10.1094/FG-2010-0616-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/FG-2010-0616-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Feed value analysis results of Louisiana and Mississippi forage samples categorized into cool-season annual grass (CSAG), cool-season legume forage (CSLF), volunteer warm season grass (VWSG), warm-season annual grass (WSAG), and warm-season perennial grass (WSPG) were reviewed focusing on mineral contents, hypomagnesemic tetany potential, and correlation between the organic nutrients and minerals. Except for high K concentrations in all forage types, macro-mineral concentrations of Ca, P, and Mg were marginal in meeting the mineral requirements of actively growing cattle. Percentages of forage with tetany ratio greater than 2.2 were 20.0, 0.0, 10.3, 4.8, and 4.5% in CSAG, CSLF, VWSG, WSAG, and WSPG, respectively. The correlation coefficients between CP and P, Mg, or K were generally positive while those between NDF and the minerals were mostly negative. Results of producers' forage samples revealed deficiencies of most macro and micro-minerals, and significant chances of hypomagnesemic tetany. Producers' long-term sample analysis results did not provide any strong correlation between minerals and energy or protein. Therefore, sample analysis will be necessary to cover micro and macro minerals in addition to energy and protein. Potassium fertilizer management decisions will need to be made carefully based on analysis results of soil and plant tissue.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2010-0616-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127538057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Reestablishing Chicory into Multi-Species Perennial Pastures 菊苣在多物种多年生牧草中的重建

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-06-16 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0616-02-RS

R. Howard Skinner, Curtis J. Dell

引用次数: 2

Challenges Describing the Relative Abundance of Grassland Birds in Grazing Studies 放牧研究中描述草原鸟类相对丰度的挑战

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-06-14 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0614-01-BR

Daniel J. Hudson, Richard H. Leep, W. C. (Joe) Johnson, Timothy Dietz

引用次数: 0

Annual Ryegrass Response to Increased Seeding Rate and Nitrogen Fertilization 黑麦草对增加播种量和施氮量的响应

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0604-01-RS

Paul B. Francis, T. Greg Montgomery, Whitney A. Whitworth, Ken P. Coffey, Paul A. Beck

{"title":"Annual Ryegrass Response to Increased Seeding Rate and Nitrogen Fertilization","authors":"Paul B. Francis, T. Greg Montgomery, Whitney A. Whitworth, Ken P. Coffey, Paul A. Beck","doi":"10.1094/FG-2010-0604-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/FG-2010-0604-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment of nitrogen fertilization and seeding rates of overseeded annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) into bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] on early fall and total forage production was conducted. A 3 × 4 factorial arrangement of 1×, 2×, and 3× the recommended annual ryegrass broadcast rate of 30 lb/acre and 0, 25, 50, and 75 lb N per acre applied in the fall and spring for a total of 0, 50, 100, and 150 lb N per acre were arranged in a randomized complete block experimental design in the 2004-2005 (2005) and 2005-2006 (2006) seasons. Across treatments, total annual ryegrass yields ranged from 1998-3895 and 2607-3406 lb/acre in 2005 and 2006, respectively. A N effect (P < 0.001) occurred at all harvests in 2005, but not 2006. Total yield increased (P < 0.001) with N in 2005, but not 2006 (P = 0.0502). Seedling density increased (P < 0.05) in proportion to seeding rate. Cumulative yield of the first two harvests was 14% to 19% of total and were greater (P < 0.05) at 2× and 3× compared to the 1× seeding rate in 2005, but not in 2006 (P = 0.94). Seeding rate had no effect (P = 0.81 and 0.30 for 2005 and 2006, respectively) on total yields. Increasing annual ryegrass seeding rates is not a reliable strategy for increasing early season or total forage production.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2010-0604-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129107715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional Composition Response to Yield Differences in Brown Midrib, Non-brown Midrib, and Photoperiod Sensitive Forage Sorghum Cultivars 营养成分对褐中脉、非褐中脉及光敏感饲用高粱品种产量差异的响应

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-04-28 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0428-01-RS

K. C. McCuistion, B. W. Bean, F. T. McCollum III

{"title":"Nutritional Composition Response to Yield Differences in Brown Midrib, Non-brown Midrib, and Photoperiod Sensitive Forage Sorghum Cultivars","authors":"K. C. McCuistion, B. W. Bean, F. T. McCollum III","doi":"10.1094/FG-2010-0428-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/FG-2010-0428-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"The nutritive value of forage sorghums [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench.] may be impacted by water application amount and forage sorghum (FS) type. Consequently, a two-year study examined the nutritional changes of different types of FS under dryland, two levels of deficit, and full irrigation. In 2003, four FS cultivars were tested: two brown midrib (BMR; BMR1 and BMR2), one Non-BMR, and one BMR-Photoperiod sensitive (PS-BMR) cultivar. In 2004, the same cultivars were tested with the exception of a non-BMR PS cultivar which replaced the PS-BMR cultivar. As water application and yield increased, forage quality decreased. Average in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) and neutral detergent digestibility (NDFD) declined 0.7 and 1.1 percentage points, respectively, with every 1 Mg/ha increase in yield (R2 = 0.37 and 0.44, respectively). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) tended to increase with increasing yield while crude protein (CP) tended to decrease. The BMR cultivars tended to maintain their forage quality at increasing yields better than the non-BMR cultivars. The PS cultivar showed the most rapid decline in forage quality as yield increased. The PS-BMR cultivar had improved forage quality at higher yields compared to the non-BMR PS cultivar. These results indicate that both FS cultivar and desired yield should be considered given production and nutritional goals.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132783629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Herbicidal Control of Tall Goldenrod in Tall Fescue Hayfields 高羊茅草场高毛菊的除草防治

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-04-26 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0426-01-RS

Kristin K. Payne, Kevin W. Bradley

{"title":"Herbicidal Control of Tall Goldenrod in Tall Fescue Hayfields","authors":"Kristin K. Payne, Kevin W. Bradley","doi":"10.1094/FG-2010-0426-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/FG-2010-0426-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of several new herbicides labeled for use in pastures or hayfields has led many growers to question their options for weed management. In addition, little is known about the effects of common pasture weeds on total biomass yield or nutritive value in a pasture or hayfield setting. Therefore, field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of selected herbicide treatments on tall goldenrod [(Solidago canadensis subsp. altissima (L.)] control and total forage biomass and nutritive values in mixed tall fescue [Lolium arundinacea (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire] and legume hayfields. Aminopyralid and aminopyralid plus 2,4-D amine was least effective in controlling tall goldenrod one year after treatment (YAT). Total biomass yields were generally lower in herbicide-treated compared to untreated plots, likely due to the reduction in tall goldenrod and legume density with these treatments. Herbicide-treated biomass yields decreased by an average of 12% 1YAT compared to the untreated control. Nutritive value was also greater in biomass harvested from untreated compared to herbicide-treated forage 1YAT. Results from this study indicate that a variety of herbicide treatments will control tall goldenrod, but that tall goldenrod infestations will not likely decrease the overall yield or nutritive value of the harvested biomass in mixed tall fescue and legume hayfields.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2010-0426-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127803937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Long-term Persistence of Synthetic Populations of a Lowland Switchgrass Ecotype and the Cultivar Cave-in-Rock 一个低地柳枝草生态型与岩穴栽培品种合成居群的长期持久性

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-04-26 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0426-02-RS

Matt A. Sanderson

{"title":"Long-term Persistence of Synthetic Populations of a Lowland Switchgrass Ecotype and the Cultivar Cave-in-Rock","authors":"Matt A. Sanderson","doi":"10.1094/FG-2010-0426-02-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/FG-2010-0426-02-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Upland cultivars of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), such as ‘Cave-in-Rock,’ often are recommended for the northeastern USA. Lowland ecotypes typically originate from more southerly locations than upland ecotypes. Long-term data on the persistence and yield of lowland ecotypes are limited for the northeastern USA. Here, I report the yields, plant heights, and tiller densities of synthetic populations of lowland germplasm compared with Cave-in-Rock after 20 years of management. In 1989, as part of an evaluation trial, six synthetic switchgrass populations (NCI-16, NCII-16, NCIII-16, NCII-4, NCIII-4, and NCII-8 − progenitors of the cultivars BoMaster and Peformer) along with Cave-in-Rock were planted in replicated plots at Rock Spring, PA. After the germplasm evaluation in 1994, the plots were maintained with limited management until 2008. In May 2008, the plots were reactivated and N fertilizer was applied at 90 lb/acre. Plant height, tiller density, and biomass yield were determined in November of 2008 and 2009. Cave-in-Rock did not differ from the synthetic populations in plant height, tiller density, or biomass yield. Although the synthetic populations are mainly adapted to the southeastern USA, these data suggest that under bioenergy crop management (one harvest annually) plant material developed from these populations should persist as far north as central Pennsylvania.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2010-0426-02-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123007273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Weed Management During Forage Legume Establishment 草料豆科植物生长过程中的杂草管理

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-04-26 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0426-01-MG

Twain J. Butler, John G. Andrae, Dennis W. Hancock

引用次数: 6

Trends in Dry Matter Yield Following Differential Broiler Litter Application from a Soil Enriched with Organic Matter and Phosphorus 富有机质、富磷土壤不同施肥条件下肉仔鸡干物质产量变化趋势

Forage & Grazinglands Pub Date : 2010-04-07 DOI: 10.1094/FG-2010-0407-01-RS

Kristofor R. Brye, Aaron L. Daigh, Brie C. Menjoulet, Mandy L. Pirani, Charles P. West

{"title":"Trends in Dry Matter Yield Following Differential Broiler Litter Application from a Soil Enriched with Organic Matter and Phosphorus","authors":"Kristofor R. Brye, Aaron L. Daigh, Brie C. Menjoulet, Mandy L. Pirani, Charles P. West","doi":"10.1094/FG-2010-0407-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/FG-2010-0407-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"Broiler litter is often applied to pastures as an organic fertilizer. A history of repeated annual litter application can increase soil-test P concentrations to levels that can result in degraded water quality if P-enriched sediment enters waterways after being transported from areas prone to erosion. Nutrient management tools, such as the P Index, are being used in many areas of concentrated broiler production as a means to limit the amount of P added to soil in litter applications. However, it is unclear how soon forage producers may need to begin using inorganic fertilizers to supply nutrients to meet target yields if P-based nutrient management plans indicate that litter application should cease. The main objective of this study was to evaluate annual dry matter (DM) yield trends for broiler litter application rates of 0, 2.5, and 5 tons/acre over a 6-year period for a site that had high near-surface, soil-test P and enriched soil organic matter from a history of litter application. Results demonstrate that DM yields were maintain at an average of 2.7 tons/acre for 6 years following the cessation of litter application without decline. We conclude that the use of costly inorganic fertilizers can be delayed for several years because the release of N via decomposition of litter-enriched soil organic matter is likely adequate to maintain modest DM yields.","PeriodicalId":100549,"journal":{"name":"Forage & Grazinglands","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/FG-2010-0407-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133822221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5