Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Successful Isavuconazole Treatment for Pulmonary Mucormycosis in a Patient Intolerant to Liposomal Amphotericin B with Pharmacokinetic Insights: A Case Report.","authors":"Takeo Yasu, Makoto Hoshino, Naoya Sakamoto, Masayuki Kobayashi","doi":"10.1159/000539652","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mucormycosis presents a diagnostic challenge characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates due to its swift and pervasive nature, which leads to extensive tissue destruction and dissemination. Immunocompromised individuals, notably those with hematological malignancies, are at a heightened risk. First-line antifungal agents include liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB), posaconazole, and isavuconazole (IVZ), which offer advantages, such as minimal drug interactions and a favorable safety profile. However, the necessity and efficacy of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of IVZ remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a successful case of IVZ therapy in a patient who was intolerant of L-AMB, highlighting the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of IVZ in treating pulmonary mucormycosis. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed steady plasma IVZ concentrations, emphasizing the importance of monitoring IVZ levels, particularly in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the efficacy of IVZ therapy for mucormycosis and the potential utility of TDM in a specific patient population. Further research is needed to elucidate the optimal IVZ dosing and monitoring strategies to ensure safe and efficacious treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"244-249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Casiopeina III-ia: A Copper Compound with Potential Use for Treatment of Infections Caused by Leishmania mexicana.","authors":"José Delgado-Domínguez, Lizet Mejía-Camacho, Lisset Torres-Martínez, Jaime Zamora-Chimal, Rocely Cervantes-Sarabia, Adrián Espinoza-Guillen, Lena Ruiz-Azuara, Ingeborg Becker","doi":"10.1159/000538360","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Casiopeina III-ia (CasIII-ia) is a mixed chelate copper (II) compound capable of interacting with free radicals generated in the respiratory chain through redox reactions, producing toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that compromise the viability of cancer cells, bacteria and protozoa. Due to its remarkable effect on protozoa, this study evaluated the effect of CasIII-ia on Leishmania mexicana amastigotes and its potential use as a treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis in the murine model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the leishmanicidal effect of CasIII-ia on L. mexicana amastigotes and on their survival in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Furthermore, we evaluated the production of ROS in treated parasites and the efficacy of CasIII-ia in the treatment of mice infected with L. mexicana.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results show that CasIII-ia reduces parasite viability in a dose-dependent manner that correlates with increased ROS production. A decrease in the size of footpad lesions and in parasite loads was observed in infected mice treated with the intraperitoneal administration of CasIII-ia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We propose CasIII-ia as a potential drug for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"168-176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140157675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New perspectives for patients with primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg-type","authors":"E. Cencini, Alberto Fabbri, E. Cinotti, P. Rubegni, Monica Bocchia","doi":"10.1159/000535734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535734","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":"72 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents Vol. 68, 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000535106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":"327 ","pages":"I - IV"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138991403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000531417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000531417","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72413761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000529827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9663769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment with Brivudine in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients with Herpes Zoster.","authors":"Clara Vogel, Laura Wetzel, Peter Wutzler, Bernd Gruhn","doi":"10.1159/000531034","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Herpes zoster (HZ) is caused by endogenous reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that persists in sensory ganglia after primary infection. The incidence and severity of HZ increase during immunosuppression. Especially, immunocompromised patients are at high risk of developing a cutaneous rash and suffering from delayed healing of lesions. Bromovinyl deoxyuridine (brivudine), one of the most potent oral inhibitors of VZV replication, is widely used in the therapy of HZ in adult patients, particularly in Europe. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of brivudine in immunocompromised children to provide an outpatient treatment option.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, we included 64 immunocompromised pediatric patients with a median age of 14 years. Forty-seven patients received immunosuppressive therapy as part of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 17 patients as part of chemotherapy. Primary diagnosis was made clinically by examining the nature and the localization of the skin lesions. Laboratory confirmation was conducted based on the detection of VZV DNA in vesicle fluid and blood samples. Brivudine was administered orally at a single dose of 2 mg/kg per day. We monitored the patients' response for the full time of treatment and observed the time of full crusting of lesions, loss of crusts, and any adverse effects that occurred.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients received medication for 7-21 days (median: 14 days). All children responded promptly to antiviral treatment and recovered completely from their HZ infections without complications. Crusting of lesions was reached after 3-14 days (median: 6 days). Full healing of skin lesions was ascertained within 7-21 days (median: 12 days). Overall, brivudine therapy was well tolerated. No clinical side effects during or after the treatment were observed. High compliance was achieved due to the once-daily dosing regimen. All patients were treated in an outpatient manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral brivudine was a very effective and well-tolerated therapy in immunocompromised children with HZ infection. The oral administration offers the potential for outpatient treatment of HZ in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9524160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Targeted Drugs for Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Antifungals: Pharmacokinetic Challenges and Opportunities.","authors":"Emanuela Salvatorelli,&nbsp;Giorgio Minotti,&nbsp;Pierantonio Menna","doi":"10.1159/000530447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000530447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a life-threatening disease whose treatment is made difficult by a number of mutations or receptor overexpression in the proliferating cellular clones. Life expectancy of patients diagnosed with new, relapsed-refractory, or secondary AML has been improved by drugs targeted at such moieties. Regrettably, however, clinical use of new AML drugs is complicated by pharmacokinetic interactions with other drugs the patient is exposed to.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The most relevant drug-drug interactions (DDI) with clinical implications build on competition for or induction/inhibition of CYP3A4, which is a versatile metabolizer of a plethora of pharmacological agents. Here, we review DDI between AML drugs and the agents used to prevent or treat invasive fungal infections (IFI). The pathophysiology of AML, characterized by functionally defective white blood cells and neutropenic/immunosuppressive effects of concomitant induction chemotherapy, can in fact increase the risk of infectious complications, with IFI causing high rates of morbidity and mortality. Triazole antifungals, such as posaconazole, are strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 and may thus cause patient's overexposure to AML drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4. We describe potential strategies to minimize the consequences of DDI between triazole antifungals and targeted therapies for AML and the role that collaboration between clinical pharmacologists, hematologists, and clinical or laboratory microbiologists may have in these settings.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical pharmacology stewardship could represent two strategies that best express multidisciplinary collaboration for improving patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":"68 3","pages":"170-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10228008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Signal between Azacitidine and Pericarditis.","authors":"Brandon Chu,&nbsp;Ajit Venkatakrishnan,&nbsp;Pushkar Aggarwal","doi":"10.1159/000526610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug-induced pericarditis is an important cause of pericarditis and if unnoticed and unmanaged can lead to constrictive pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and cardiac tamponade.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this analysis was to determine if a significant signal exists between azacitidine use and pericarditis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pharmacovigilance analysis was performed using the FDA Adverse Event Database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>48 reports of azacitidine-induced pericarditis with azacitidine as the suspect drug were identified. The most common indications for azacitidine use in the adverse event reports were myelodysplastic syndrome (48%) and acute myelogenous leukemia (27%). Physicians reported 44% of the azacitidine-induced pericarditis reports, while other health professional reported 52% of the reports. The disproportionality analysis showed a proportional reporting ratio of 5.0, χ2 of 149.8, reporting odds ratio of 5.0, and IC025 of 1.8. Literature review found 3 case reports of azacitidine-induced pericarditis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The signal between azacitidine and pericarditis was found to be statistically significant. Clinicians should be aware of the possible risk of pericarditis when prescribing azacitidine. If there is suspicion for azacitidine-induced pericarditis, clinicians should consider discontinuation of azacitidine to improve patient's symptoms and reduce the likelihood of the development of constrictive pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and cardiac tamponade.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":"68 2","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9581211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceramide Analog 5cc Overcomes TRAIL Resistance by Enhancing JNK Activation and Repressing XIAP Expression in Metastatic Colon Cancer Cells.","authors":"Qiqian Huang, Feiyan Liu","doi":"10.1159/000531757","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is considered to be an effective apoptosis inducer due to its selectivity for tumor cells. However, many cancer cells, especially metastatic cancer cells, often exhibit resistance to TRAIL because their apoptotic pathway is impaired or their pro-survival pathway is overactivated. TRAIL resistance is the main obstacle to current TRAIL therapy. Nowadays, ceramide analogs represent a new class of potential anticancer agents. Therefore, we hypothesized that disrupting pro-survival signaling with ceramide analogs would increase TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MTT assay and flow cytometry were conducted to evaluate the synergistic effect of ceramide analog 5cc on TRAIL in metastatic colon cancer cells. Western blot was used to detect signaling proteins affected by 5cc. RNA interference was performed to analyze the effects of specific gene on 5cc-enhanced apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ceramide analog 5cc markedly enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis evidenced by increased propidium iodide/annexin V double-positive cells and PARP cleavage in SW620 and LS411N cells. At the molecular level, 5cc significantly reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) through the activation of the c-Jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway which is critically involved in sensitizing tumor cells to TRAIL/5cc combination. JNK-silenced cells exhibited a significant reversal of TRAIL/5cc-mediated apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data demonstrated that ceramide analog 5cc overcomes TRAIL resistance by enhancing JNK activation and repressing XIAP expression in metastatic colon cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"210-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9823289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}