ChemotherapyPub Date : 2021-02-09DOI: 10.1159/000512542
Tomoyuki Kii, Kaname Sakuma, Akira Tanaka
{"title":"Optimal Contact Concentration of Paclitaxel in the Collagen Gel Droplet-Embedded Culture Drug Sensitivity Test for Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Evaluation of Combination with Cetuximab.","authors":"Tomoyuki Kii, Kaname Sakuma, Akira Tanaka","doi":"10.1159/000512542","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000512542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A combination of the taxane anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) and molecular target drug cetuximab (cMab) is effective for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, its use is associated with serious side effects, such as neuropathy and myelosuppression. In addition, it is administered regardless of patient sensitivity because biomarkers indicating its efficacy are unavailable. Therefore, we investigated the usefulness of setting the indicated contact concentration of PTX and predicted the antitumor effect of combined contact with cMab using the collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twelve human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines (i.e., SAS, HSC-2, HSC-3, HSC-4, OSC-19, OSC-20, KON, HO-1-N-1, HO-1-u-1, SAT, SCC-4, and Nialym) were used. Using the CD-DST, we calculated the optimal contact concentration of the cells with PTX based on the clinical response rate of HNSCC and evaluated the combined contact with cMab. Furthermore, nude mice were treated with standalone PTX and PTX + cMab, and the results were compared with those of the CD-DST.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the CD-DST, 0.1 μg/mL was the optimal contact concentration of PTX, to which the cells showed dose-dependent sensitivity. Moreover, the CD-DST method was used to evaluate the antitumor effects on OSCC even when PTX was used in combination with cMab. The antitumor effects in the CD-DST and nude mice were correlated (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CD-DST results suggested that it was possible to predict the clinical effects of single-contact PTX and the enhancing effect of cMab + PTX.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":"65 5-6","pages":"147-157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25349779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemotherapyPub Date : 2021-02-04DOI: 10.1159/000513140
Raffaella Gualandi, Anna De Benedictis, Maria Grazia De Marinis, Daniela Tartaglini
{"title":"Managing the Journey of Patients under Chemotherapy in a Pandemic Era: A Nursing Perspective.","authors":"Raffaella Gualandi, Anna De Benedictis, Maria Grazia De Marinis, Daniela Tartaglini","doi":"10.1159/000513140","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000513140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer patients' care needs to be reconsidered by integrating the patient's clinical pathway with the hospital patient journey and the family context in a safe and patient-centered way. So far, no systematic reports are available regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care. This work gives a first overview of patients' care needs undergoing chemotherapy treatment from a nursing perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7900452/pdf/che-0065-0115.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10540076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Cancer: Regulation and Therapeutic Opportunities.","authors":"Noorhan Ghanem, Chirine El-Baba, Khaled Araji, Riyad El-Khoury, Julnar Usta, Nadine Darwiche","doi":"10.1159/000519784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumorigenesis is associated with deregulation of nutritional requirements, intermediary metabolites production, and microenvironment interactions. Unlike their normal cell counterparts, tumor cells rely on aerobic glycolysis, through the Warburg effect.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a major glucose metabolic shunt that is upregulated in cancer cells. The PPP comprises an oxidative and a nonoxidative phase and is essential for nucleotide synthesis of rapidly dividing cells. The PPP also generates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, which is required for reductive metabolism and to counteract oxidative stress in tumor cells. This article reviews the regulation of the PPP and discusses inhibitors that target its main pathways. Key Message: Exploiting the metabolic vulnerability of the PPP offers potential novel therapeutic opportunities and improves patients' response to cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":"66 5-6","pages":"179-191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39710197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}