Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Characterization, Virulence Determinants, and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the North of Iran; a High Prevalence of ST239-SCCmec III/t037 Clone.","authors":"Hao Ying,&nbsp;Trias Mahmudiono,&nbsp;Tawfeeq Alghazali,&nbsp;Walid Kamal Abdelbasset,&nbsp;Parand Khadivar,&nbsp;Somayeh Rahimi,&nbsp;Abolfazl Amini","doi":"10.1159/000520482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Emergence and prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become a major universal health concern, limiting therapeutic options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total number of 37 MRSA isolates, including 19 clinical isolates from hospitalized patients and 18 colonizing isolates from health care workers were identified from 3 hospitals, in Gorgan, North of Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the disk diffusion method and E-test. The presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants were evaluated by PCR. The genotypical characterization was further analyzed using multi-locus sequence, spa, staphylococcal cassette chromosome, mec (SCCmec), and agr typing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of MRSA among S. aureus isolates was 38.14% (37/97). The most frequent S. aureus resistant isolates were found to be obstinate against penicillin (98%) and gentamicin (82.5%). Additionally, the lowest resistance rates were found against daptomycin (0%), vancomycin (2.7%), and quinupristin-dalfopristin (5.4%). All MRSA isolates were susceptible to daptomycin with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)50/MIC90 of 0.25/0.5 μg/mL. One isolate belonging to sequence type 239 (ST239)-SCCmecIII/t037 clone (MIC ≥16 μg/mL) was resistant to vancomycin. All but 1 isolate that shares ST22-SCCmec IV/t790 strain were positive for both tsst and pvl genes. The most predominant MRSA isolates (27%) were associated with ST239-SCCmec III/t037, and ST239-SCCmec III/t924 (16.2%) clones, subsequently. In our study, circulating MRSA strains were genetically diverse with a high prevalence of ST239-SCCmec III/t037 clone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings emphasize the need for future and continuous surveillance studies on MRSA to prevent the dissemination of existing multidrug resistance MRSA clones in an effective manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39697359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Amino Acid Naphthoquinone Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial Agents.","authors":"Lluvia Itzel López-López,&nbsp;Ernesto Rivera-Ávalos,&nbsp;Cecilia Villarreal-Reyes,&nbsp;Fidel Martínez-Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Denisse de Loera","doi":"10.1159/000521098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives are of great interest since these compounds exhibit strong antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and anticancer activities. The electronic properties of naphthoquinones are usually modulated by attaching functional groups containing nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms, which tune their biological potency and selectivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A series of 13 amino acid 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives was synthesized under assisted microwave and ultrasound conditions. The antibacterial activity of compounds was tested against American Type Culture Collection (ATCC): Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis, as well as 2 multidrug resistant pathogens: E. coli and S. aureus from clinical isolated. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the broth microdilution method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MIC of derivatives 4-11, 14, and 16 showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrobial activities of the compounds 4-8 and 14 were ≤MIC 24.7 μg mL-1 against all the reference strains; even more, compound 6 showed the most potent activity with an MIC of 3.9 μg mL-1 on S. aureus. On the clinical isolated, the compounds 7, 8, and 14 showed an MIC of 49.7 and 24.7 μg mL-1 against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. About ADME properties and Osiris analysis, the compounds 4-16 presented high gastrointestinal absorption and good characteristics for oral bioavailability, and compound 14 was the less toxic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Amino acid 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives showed good in vitro antibacterial activity against clinical strains, and modifications on C-3 with a chloride atom enhanced the efficiency against the same pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39785401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Combination of Cefixime and Amoxicillin/Clavulanate against Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates.","authors":"Haedi Thelen,&nbsp;Thomas J Dilworth,&nbsp;Renée-Claude Mercier","doi":"10.1159/000524707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000524707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli have limited oral therapeutic options and pose significant clinical challenges. The goal of this study was to evaluate the in vitro synergy between CFM and AMC against ESBL E. coli with aims to identify an oral treatment option for UTIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CFM in the presence of AMC were determined for 46 clinical isolates by placing a CFM Etest on a plate with AMC impregnated in the agar. Isolates with CFM MIC ≤1 μg/mL in the presence of AMC were considered susceptible to the CFM and AMC combination. Five isolates were then selected for further testing using time-kill analysis in the presence of CFM, AMC, and CFM with AMC. Time-kill curves were plotted to determine synergy over 24 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AMC improved the activity of CFM against ESBL E. coli isolates by 128-fold in the Etest analysis with 85% of tested isolates being susceptible to the combination. A fourfold or greater reduction in CFM MIC was exhibited in 44 of 46 (96%) isolates when in the presence of AMC. Synergy and bactericidal activity between CFM and AMC were exhibited in each of the five isolates tested by time-kill analysis.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>This study found that AMC improves the activity of CFM against ESBL E. coli and that this antibiotic combination has potential as an oral therapeutic option to treat ESBL E. coli UTIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9562611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring Triple Rare EGFR Exon 18 Mutations Rapidly Developed Resistance to Multiple Therapies.","authors":"Yuyao Liu,&nbsp;Yuanqiang Wu,&nbsp;Fang Wu,&nbsp;Chunhong Hu","doi":"10.1159/000525623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is no standard therapy for nonsmall-cell lung cancer harboring rare coexistent EGFR mutations. Here, we report a female patient who was diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma with three mutations of G724S, E709K, and V689I in exon 18. The patient responded to, but also showed rapid development of resistance to multiple therapies, including a second-generation EGFR-TKI of afatinib, a platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, and a multiple target TKI of anlotinib. As such, she ended up with a short overall survival time. Further research is required to understand the resistance mechanism(s) of these complex gene mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40406983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin Suppresses the Progression of Colorectal Cancer by Improving Immunogenic Cell Death Caused by Irinotecan.","authors":"Cunliang Zhu,&nbsp;Zhaobi Fang,&nbsp;Lei Peng,&nbsp;Fan Gao,&nbsp;Wei Peng,&nbsp;Fengqian Song","doi":"10.1159/000518121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000518121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irinotecan (IRI) is a common chemotherapeutic drug for colorectal cancer; however, the mechanism underlying its immunomodulatory effect remains unclear. Curcumin (CUR), an adjuvant drug with anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects, has been studied extensively, although its synergistic antitumor effect remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of CUR and IRI on oxidative stress and their antitumor effects were detected by flow cytometry. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins including CHOP and BiP, and immunogenic cell death (ICD) proteins including calreticulin (CALR) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), were detected by Western blotting. IFN-γ and TNF-α levels in the serum of mice were detected by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IRI in combination with CUR had synergistic antitumor effects in CT-26 colon carcinoma cells. Combination treatment with IRI and CUR was more effective than IRI or CUR alone. IRI and CUR combination treatment significantly upregulated ICD-related proteins including CALR and HMGB1 and had a greater antitumor effect than IRI or CUR single treatment in vivo. CUR may synergistically improve the antitumor effect of IRI by promoting the ICD effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combination therapy with IRI and CUR may be an option for first-line chemotherapy in some patients with advanced colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40468020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Mass Index of Elderly Patients with Normal Renal Function as a Determining Factor for Initial Vancomycin Regimen Designing.","authors":"Norihiro Sakurai,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kawaguchi,&nbsp;Gaku Kuwabara,&nbsp;Waki Imoto,&nbsp;Wataru Shibata,&nbsp;Koichi Yamada,&nbsp;Yasutaka Nakamura,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kakeya","doi":"10.1159/000522455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000522455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Currently, the use of actual body weight is recommended for dosing in vancomycin regimen designs, and it is important to perform therapeutic drug monitoring for efficacy and safety. However, the method to determine the appropriate vancomycin regimen for underweight or obese patients remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the relationship among vancomycin doses, trough concentration, and area under the curve (AUC). In addition, we identified the group of patients who were potentially more affected by BMI and evaluated the optimal dosing regimen to achieve the target AUC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected data from 462 patients who received vancomycin at the Osaka City University Hospital between January 2013 and September 2019. Patients were classified by their BMI group (underweight <18.5, normal weight 18.5-24.9, and obese ≥25.0 kg/m2). We assessed the association between vancomycin dose versus trough concentration or AUC as well as dose-adjusted trough concentration and AUC in each BMI subgroup to determine the doses for achieving the target AUC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dose-adjusted trough concentration and AUC in elderly patients with normal renal function appeared to increase significantly with an increase in BMI (p < 0.05). Vancomycin doses that enabled the achievement of AUC400 in elderly patients with normal renal function decreased with increasing BMI: 17.7, 15.8, and 12.9 mg/kg per time in the underweight, normal weight, and obesity groups, respectively (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elderly patients with normal renal function were the most affected by BMI on vancomycin trough concentration and AUC. The vancomycin regimen design in these patients should be adjusted carefully, not only based on the patient's renal function but also based on BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39899768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KIT Exon 9-Mutated Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours: Biology and Treatment.","authors":"Andrea Napolitano,&nbsp;Khin Thway,&nbsp;Myles J Smith,&nbsp;Paul H Huang,&nbsp;Robin L Jones","doi":"10.1159/000521751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The majority of gastroinstestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) harbour oncogenic mutations in the gene encoding for the tyrosine kinase (TK) KIT. The most common mutations are found in exon 11, followed by mutations in exon 9. The latter mutations are associated more frequently with GISTs in extra-gastric locations and with a more aggressive clinical behaviour.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Here, we review the unique and often poorly recognized molecular, biological, and clinical characteristics that differentiate KIT exon 9-mutant GISTs from other GIST subtypes. In particular, KIT exon 9 mutations are associated to KIT mutants with retained sensitivity to stimulation by stem cell factor and localization to the cell membrane. Moreover, KIT exon 9-mutant GISTs display significant activation of KIT-independent oncogenic pathways. These characteristics may explain the limited activity of the TK inhibitor imatinib in the adjuvant setting in KIT exon 9-mutant GISTs, as well as their lower sensitivity to standard dose imatinib in the advanced setting. In contrast, the multi-TK inhibitor sunitinib displays better activity in KIT exon 9-mutant GISTs compared to others.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>KIT exon 9-mutant GISTs represent a subtype of GIST distinct from other GISTs, including the more common KIT exon 11-mutant GISTs. A better understanding of the molecular biology and clinical behaviour of KIT exon 9-mutant GISTs may help identify more improved treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39645761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crizotinib versus Alectinib for the Treatment of ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Qinghua Zeng,&nbsp;Xiquan Zhang,&nbsp;Shan He,&nbsp;Zhiyong Zhou,&nbsp;Luping Xia,&nbsp;Wenxiong Zhang,&nbsp;Lin Zeng","doi":"10.1159/000521452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Crizotinib and alectinib are the 2 most commonly used anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors for ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We compared their antitumor efficacies and adverse effects based on a pooled analysis of the ALEX, ALESIA, and J-ALEX clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven databases were searched for eligible articles. The primary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), central nervous system (CNS)-PFS, drug responses, and adverse effects (AEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven articles on 3 randomized controlled clinical trials (ALEX, ALESIA, and J-ALEX) that included 697 patients were included. Compared with crizotinib, alectinib exhibited superior efficacy in PFS (HR [hazard ratio]: 0.35 [0.25-0.49], p < 0.00001), OS (HR: 0.66 [0.47-0.92], p = 0.02), CNS-PFS (HR: 0.17 [0.11-0.24], p < 0.00001), duration of response (HR: 0.31 [0.23-0.42], p < 0.00001), objective response rate (risk ratio [RR]: 0.87 [0.80-0.94], p = 0.0003), partial response (RR: 0.88 [0.81-0.96], p = 0.004), and grade 3-5 AEs (RR: 1.43 [1.09-1.87], p = 0.009). Additionally, compared with crizotinib, alectinib exhibited a survival advantage that increased with its prolongation of survival time. The disease control rate, complete response, and total AEs were comparable between the 2 groups. The crizotinib group reported higher rates of constipation, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, peripheral edema, dysgeusia, visual impairment, and levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase as well as greater decreases in appetite and neutrophil count.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In both antitumor efficacy and safety, alectinib appears to be superior to crizotinib for the treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39731935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miR-142-3p Regulates Tumor Cell Autophagy and Promotes Colon Cancer Progression by Targeting TP53INP2.","authors":"Jiujian Zheng,&nbsp;Chuan Cheng,&nbsp;Jie Xu,&nbsp;Peng Gao,&nbsp;Jianping Wang,&nbsp;Lifei Chen","doi":"10.1159/000520750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Colon cancer (CC) is the third largest cancer worldwide. Investigation of the molecular mechanism of CC progression helps to explore novel therapeutic targets. We attempted to understand the modulatory mechanism of miR-142-3p in CC cell autophagy and CC progression, which will lay a theoretical groundwork for seeking potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for CC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Through bioinformatics methods, miRNA expression data were subjected to differential analysis for identification of target miRNA. Downstream target mRNAs were predicted, and gene set enrichment analysis was completed. qRT-PCR assessed gene expression in cells. Cell counting kit-8, cell doubling time calculation, colony formation, and flow cytometry were used to assess cellular biological functions. Dual-luciferase assay was used for targeting relationship validation of the target miRNA and mRNA. Western blot was performed to evaluate expression of proteins related to HEDGEHOG signaling pathway and autophagy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>miR-142-3p was markedly highly expressed in CC, and high miR-142-3p expression in CC patients was implicated with relatively poor prognosis. Overexpressing miR-142-3p facilitated proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of CC cells, whereas silencing it produced an opposite result. miR-142-3p targeted and decreased TP53INP2 level. TP53INP2 overexpression suppressed the HEDGEHOG signaling pathway and induced the activation of CC cell autophagy. Rescue experiments revealed that influence of the miR-142-3p inhibitor on CC cell proliferation and apoptosis could be reversed by silencing TP53INP2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>miR-142-3p hampered tumor cell autophagy and promoted CC progression via targeting TP53INP2, which will offer a fresh research orientation for the diagnosis of CC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39603365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient with Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia Undergoing Induction with Venetoclax and Azacitidine: A Case Report.","authors":"Joanna Drozd-Sokolowska,&nbsp;Krzysztof Mądry,&nbsp;Kinga Siewiorek,&nbsp;Magdalena Feliksbrot-Bratosiewicz,&nbsp;Tomasz Stokłosa,&nbsp;Beata Gierej,&nbsp;Agnieszka Stefaniak,&nbsp;Małgorzata Paszkowska-Kowalewska,&nbsp;Jacek Sokołowski,&nbsp;Bartłomiej Sankowski,&nbsp;Grzegorz Władysław Basak","doi":"10.1159/000524182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000524182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A combination of azacitidine and venetoclax (AZA-VEN) has been approved for the treatment of adult treatment-naïve acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. The protocol may also constitute an alternative for the treatment of patients with mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), for which no established treatment guidelines exist. It may be anticipated, that alike in AML or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the treatment of MPAL may be complicated by the tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). No case of TLS in MPAL after VEN has been however reported so far. Here, we present a case of a patient with MPAL, who received AZA-VEN. The patient had a substantial bulk of disease with generalized lymphadenopathy and increased white blood cell count. Despite preventive measures, the patient developed the clinical TLS, which was successfully treated. Based on the current case and other published cases, the incidence of TLS after AZA-VEN was established at 17%.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40319826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}