Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Linezolid in Real-World Clinical Practice: Determinants of Exposure, Dose Optimization, and Hematological Toxicity.","authors":"Roberto Lozano, Carina Bona","doi":"10.1159/000553329","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Linezolid exhibits significant pharmacokinetic variability in hospitalized patients, which may lead to suboptimal exposure or toxicity. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been proposed to optimize treatment, although real-world data under standardized dosing conditions remain limited. The objective was to evaluate linezolid exposure in routine clinical practice under standardized dosing conditions and to identify factors associated with overexposure, dose optimization, and hematological toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted using a hospital-based TDM database. Only patients receiving linezolid 600 mg every 12 h were included. A single trough concentration (C_min) per patient was analyzed, defined as the first determination obtained at ≥48 h after treatment initiation. Exposure was categorized as subtherapeutic (<2 µg/mL), therapeutic (2-10 µg/mL), or supratherapeutic (>10 µg/mL). Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with overexposure and thrombocytopenia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 76 patients were included. The mean C_min was 4.75 ± 4.45 µg/mL (median 3.07; range 0.67-23.6). Subtherapeutic, therapeutic, and supratherapeutic exposure occurred in 26.3%, 60.5%, and 13.2% of patients, respectively, with 39.5% of patients outside the therapeutic range. Age was associated with higher exposure (odds ratio: 1.03 per year; p = 0.025), while renal function showed a nonsignificant trend. Thrombocytopenia occurred in approximately 5-6% of patients and showed a nonsignificant association with higher trough concentrations. TDM led to dose modification in a relevant proportion of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Linezolid exposure shows substantial interindividual variability in hospitalized patients despite standardized dosing. A considerable proportion of patients present subtherapeutic or supratherapeutic concentrations. TDM may help identify patients at risk of underexposure or toxicity and support individualized dosing strategies, particularly in elderly patients and those with renal impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Conventional Monoclonals: Novel Antibody Formats and Derivatives as the Next Frontier in Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Rossana Roncato, Diletta Pasin, Emanuela Dell Apos Aquila, Romano Danesi, Marzia Del Re","doi":"10.1159/000553142","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their derivatives represent a central pillar of contemporary oncology, with expanding complexity in molecular design and clinical application. Beyond unconjugated mAbs, bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), trispecific antibodies (tsAbs), and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) introduce additional pharmacological dimensions that directly impact efficacy, toxicity, and resistance. BsAbs were developed as pharmacological matchmakers to simultaneously engage tumor antigens and immune receptors, physically bridging effectors and malignant cells to promote immunological synapse formation. TsAbs extend this concept by enabling coordinated engagement of three targets. ADCs exploit mAb specificity to deliver highly potent, otherwise intolerable cytotoxic payloads directly into tumor cells, expanding the therapeutic window in hematologic and solid tumors.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Clinical performance is tightly linked to molecular architecture: bsAb/tsAb activity depends on valency, target geometry, and Fc configuration, whereas ADC efficacy reflects a tripartite pharmacology integrating target engagement, intracellular payload release, and bystander cytotoxicity. Despite their remarkable potency, antibody-based platforms remain vulnerable to resistance, which may arise through target-dependent mechanisms, including antigen downregulation and epitope masking, or target-independent processes, such as altered intracellular trafficking, lysosomal dysfunction, payload efflux, and adaptive survival signaling.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>A comprehensive understanding of antibody architecture, target biology, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic behavior, toxicity profiles, and resistance mechanisms is essential to optimize treatment selection and sequencing. Collectively, mAbs, bsAbs/tsAbs, and ADCs provide the mechanistic and technological basis for next-generation platforms, including peptide-drug conjugates and antibody-radionuclide conjugates.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudoprogression of a Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Ioannis M Koukourakis, Emmanouil K Verigos, Kosmas E Verigos, Michael I Koukourakis","doi":"10.1159/000552926","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pseudoprogression during immunotherapy (IO) - defined as clinical documentation of tumor growth or new lesions during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, followed by disease regression - has been reported in ≤10% of cases. Its incidence appears to be lower in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) patients (1.5-4%).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a rare case of pseudoprogression of an advanced cSCC during IO (cemiplimab). Following initial surgery for a cSCC of the left auricular area, the tumor recurred and infiltrated the ear cartilage and external auditory meatus. At the time of administration of the second IO, the tumor had rapidly grown with a fulminant pattern and doubled in size. Treatment with IO continued, as per protocol, and by the third infusion appointment, the tumor had disappeared, and complete re-epithelialization of the auricular area was observed, confirming pseudoprogression. So far, the patient has received ten cycles of IO without experiencing toxicity, and there has been no sign of disease recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Awareness of potential pseudoprogression is crucial for clinicians managing advanced cSCC with cemiplimab.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Feasibility of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Followed by Avelumab Maintenance after Enfortumab Vedotin plus Pembrolizumab in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case Series.","authors":"Masaomi Ikeda, Satoshi Ichikawa, Shunsuke Ito, Kazuki Okumura, Yuriko Otsu, Izuru Shiba, Yutaka Shiono, Soichiro Shimura, Kohei Mori, Shuhei Hirano, Dai Koguchi, Hideyasu Tsumura, Daisuke Ishii, Kazumasa Matsumoto","doi":"10.1159/000552622","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The introduction of enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab (EVP) has caused a paradigm shift in the first-line treatment strategies for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). However, no standard subsequent therapy has been established after EVP therapy, and the role of platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) followed by avelumab maintenance therapy remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report three cases of mUC treated with EVP followed by PBC and subsequent avelumab maintenance therapy. As the first-line treatment, EVP achieved disease control in all cases; however, disease progression or treatment discontinuation occurred. Subsequent PBC resulted in stable disease or partial response. Afterward, patients were transitioned to avelumab maintenance therapy, which resulted in further tumor regression or sustained disease control, even in patients with prior pembrolizumab exposure and those who discontinued EVP therapy due to adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PBC is often considered as a subsequent treatment after EVP therapy, except in patients with FGFR gene alterations. PBC followed by avelumab maintenance therapy may represent a feasible subsequent treatment option for selected patients with mUC who achieve disease control after EVP therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety Study of Different Doses of Linezolid in Combination with Bedaquiline in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis.","authors":"Xin Wang, Dongpeng Geng, Xiaoling Wu, Zhen Guo, Congling Ma, Xiaonan Ma, Xiaomin Hao, Panyun Xiao","doi":"10.1159/000551380","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drug-resistant tuberculosis presents a major global health challenge due to limited therapeutic options and significant toxicity of traditional regimens. Linezolid, a core Group A drug per WHO guidelines, demonstrates high efficacy but its optimal dosing is debated due to dose-dependent adverse effects. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different initial doses of linezolid combined with bedaquiline for treating drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis treated with bedaquiline and linezolid in China from June 2019-June 2022. The data originated from medical records. Adverse drug reactions were categorized using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (v5.0). Three groups were formed based on the initial linezolid dose: 1,200 mg/day (high-dose, n = 99), 600 mg/day (low-dose, n = 121), and 0 mg/day (control, n = 50). Clinical data, epidemiological characteristics, treatment outcomes, adverse events, and prognoses of these groups were compared and analyzed statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research scrutinized the effects of different initial doses of linezolid and bedaquiline on drug-resistant tuberculosis. No significant differences were noted between high-dose and low-dose groups in 6 months for sputum smear negativity, cavitary closure time, or time for lesion resorption and reduction. However, a higher incidence of adverse events was observed in the high-dose group (47.47%) compared to the low-dose group (29.75%), with myelosuppression, peripheral neuritis, and optic neuritis being predominant. Notably, the proportion of patients requiring dose adjustment due to adverse events was significantly higher in the high-dose group (74.47%) than in the low-dose group (50%, p = 0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Initial daily linezolid dose of 600 mg and 1,200 mg in combination with bedaquiline yields equivalent efficacy for drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The lower dose demonstrates improved tolerability. For the said therapy, we advocate a primary recommendation of a daily linezolid dose of 600 mg.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Beta-Lactams in Critical Care Improve Clinical Outcomes?","authors":"Robert Oakley, Marta Ulldemolins, Maria Patricia Hernández Mitre, Manuel Colmenero, Natasha Roberts, Jason Roberts, Jeffrey Lipman, Aaron Heffernan","doi":"10.1159/000550822","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550822","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Critically ill patients exhibit acute physiological changes leading to marked antibiotic exposure variability and an increased probability of either subtherapeutic or potentially toxic exposures. Beta-lactam antibiotics are often affected by these physiological changes, leading to variable and often subtherapeutic exposures. Therefore, methods to increase the probability of a therapeutic exposure may be beneficial for critically ill patients. Model Informed Precision Dosing (MIPD) is an emerging strategy using advanced computer models to individualise dosing in this vulnerable population with or without therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). By tailoring therapy to the individual patient scenario, MIPD aims to improve clinical outcomes by enhancing the likelihood of effective and safe therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary: &lt;/strong&gt;MIPD-guided beta-lactam antibiotic dosing may improve the probability of attaining target therapeutic exposures and clinical cure rates compared to standard fixed dosing in critically ill patients. Moreover, MIPD allows clinicians to target higher beta-lactam antibiotic exposures while minimising the risk of toxicity, when the goal of treatment is both improving clinical cure rates and suppressing the probability of antibiotic resistance emergence. No differences in mortality and adverse event reduction compared to standard dosing have been currently identified in the literature. However, the exact potential of MIPD has yet to be determined given the significant limitations in the current evidence base, including heterogeneous study designs, small sample sizes, inconsistent implementation strategies, and variable outcome definitions. Clinical practice and future research should optimise MIPD performance by selecting appropriate and innovative beta-lactam antibiotic exposure models, as well as identify methods to instigate early MIPD dosing and timely TDM dose adjustments. This may further improve clinical and economic outcomes for critically ill patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key messages: &lt;/strong&gt;MIPD is a clinical decision making tool that uses pharmacokinetic modelling to guide beta-lactam dosing, with or without TDM input. A small number of observational and randomised beta-lactam MIPD intervention studies suggest that clinical outcomes for critically ill patients are improved. Technical, casemix, implementation, and study design limitations likely contribute to inconsistent findings in studies comparing MIPD to standard care. Stronger signals in improved outcomes are correlated with appropriate pharmacokinetic model and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target selection, accompanied with timely dose adjustments in critically ill patients with significant pharmacokinetic variability and/or complex pharmacodynamic profiles. Future studies should more robustly define key features that will optimise patient outcomes including: optimal target exposure, characteristics of patients most likely to ben","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13128166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000549719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000549719","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-Drug Interaction between Toosendanin and Tamoxifen and Its Potential Mechanism.","authors":"Xiao He, Yirong Zhen, Pingfa Lin, Ting Lin, Ying Chang","doi":"10.1159/000550093","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Toosendanin has shown anticancer activity in various malignancies, including gynecological cancers. As tamoxifen is a cornerstone therapy for breast and ovarian cancers, this study investigated how toosendanin alters its pharmacokinetics, with the goal of assessing interaction risks and supporting drug development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pharmacokinetic study was performed in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats received an oral dose of tamoxifen (10 mg/kg), with or without pretreatment with toosendanin (30 or 60 mg/kg). Plasma concentrations of tamoxifen were determined by LC-MS/MS. The effects of toosendanin on the metabolic stability of tamoxifen and cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP450) activity were investigated using liver microsomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Toosendanin significantly altered the pharmacokinetic profile of tamoxifen. Concomitant administration of toosendanin (30 and 60 mg/kg) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the maximum plasma concentration of tamoxifen from 120.67 ± 7.50 to 186.67 ± 6.44 and 235.00 ± 15.96 µg/L, respectively. The half-life was prolonged from 12.55 ± 0.57 to 14.46 ± 0.96 and 16.55 ± 1.02 h, while the clearance rate decreased from 4.92 ± 0.24 to 3.04 ± 0.14 and 2.10 ± 0.07 L/h/kg, respectively. In vitro studies further revealed that toosendanin inhibited the metabolic stability of tamoxifen, as evidenced by a reduction in its intrinsic clearance from 45.36 ± 1.92 to 34.48 ± 1.92 and 28.44 ± 1.21 µL/min/mg protein. Furthermore, toosendanin exhibited a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 11.50 µ<sc>m</sc> for CYP2D6 activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that toosendanin alters the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen, likely by inhibiting its metabolic stability and CYP2D6 activity. This interaction leads to a potentially significant pharmacokinetic risk when toosendanin is co-administered with tamoxifen, potentially potentiating its exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145818452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaza's First Polio Case in 25 Years: Is Health Infrastructure Collapse Threatening Resilience?","authors":"Francesco Branda, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Marta Giovanetti, Massimo Ciccozzi, Fabio Scarpa","doi":"10.1159/000541933","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541933","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"9-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of Sex-Dependent Differences for Dosing Selection and Optimization of Chemotherapeutic Drugs.","authors":"Claire Seydoux, Myriam Briki, Anna D Wagner, Eva Choong, Monia Guidi, Sandro Carrara, Yann Thoma, Françoise Livio, François R Girardin, Catia Marzolini, Thierry Buclin, Laurent A Decosterd","doi":"10.1159/000542461","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite major advances in cancer treatment in the past years, there is a need to optimize chemotherapeutic drug dosing strategies to reduce toxicities, suboptimal responses, and the risk of relapse. Most cancer drugs have a narrow therapeutic index with substantial pharmacokinetics variability. Yet, current dosing approaches do not fully account for the complex pathophysiological characteristics of the patients. In this regard, the effect of sex on anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs' disposition is still underexplored. In this article, we review sex differences in chemotherapeutic drug pharmacokinetics; we suggest a novel approach that integrates sex into the traditional a priori body surface area (BSA) dosing selection model, and finally, we provide an overview of the potential benefits of a broader use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in oncology.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>To date, anticancer chemotherapeutic drug dosing is most often determined by BSA, a method widely used for its ease of practice, despite criticism for not accounting for individual factors, notably sex. Anatomical, physiological, and biological differences between males and females can affect pharmacokinetics, including drug metabolism and clearance. At equivalent doses, females tend to display higher circulating exposure and more organ toxicities, which has been formally demonstrated at present for about 20% of chemotherapeutic drugs. An alternative could be the sex-adjusted BSA (SABSA), incorporating a 10% increase in dosing for males and a 10% decrease for females, though this approach still lacks formal clinical validation. Another strategy to reduce treatment-related toxicity and potentially enhance clinical outcomes could be a more widespread use of TDM, for which a benefit has been demonstrated for 5-fluorouracil, busulfan, methotrexate, or thiopurines.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The inclusion of sex besides BSA in an easy-to-implement formula such as SABSA could improve a priori chemotherapy dosing selection, even though it still requires clinical validation. The a posteriori use of TDM could further enhance treatment efficacy and safety in oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":10047,"journal":{"name":"Chemotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}