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Magnetohydrodynamic/steam power plant modeling and control 磁流体动力/蒸汽动力装置建模与控制
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(78)90078-5
John D. Aspnes, Donald A. Pierre
{"title":"Magnetohydrodynamic/steam power plant modeling and control","authors":"John D. Aspnes,&nbsp;Donald A. Pierre","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90078-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90078-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A dynamic power-flow simulation of an overall magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)/steam electrical power generating plant is developed. Time domain solutions to the set of system equations are given. Several control configurations are applied to the system and their effects on system dynamic response are presented. The overall combined-cycle system model utilizes an input-output characterization of the Combustor/Nozzle/Channel/Diffuser. This characterization is developed from polynomial approximations of data resulting from the solutions of energy balance, state, and continuity equations for the combustor and the quasi one-dimensional MHD equations for the nozzle, channel and diffuser. The boiler and turbine valve model has turbine valve area and power available to generate steam as inputs, and throttle pressure, power to the turbines, and boiler and stack losses as outputs. Regenerative air preheater cycling is also modeled, and the effect of cycling on plant output is given.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"18 2","pages":"Pages 101-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90078-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107929846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pergamon press — Statement on the new U.S. copyright law for editors, authors and contributors 佩加蒙出版社-关于编辑、作者和撰稿人的新美国版权法的声明
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(78)90089-X
{"title":"Pergamon press — Statement on the new U.S. copyright law for editors, authors and contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90089-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90089-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"18 1","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90089-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137407987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solar thermal energy storage using heat of dilution: Analysis of heat generation in multistage mixing column 利用稀释热的太阳能蓄热:多级混合塔产热分析
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(78)90073-6
T. Tanaka, K. Sakuta, M. Kamimoto, T. Tani, S. Sawata, T. Horigome
{"title":"Solar thermal energy storage using heat of dilution: Analysis of heat generation in multistage mixing column","authors":"T. Tanaka,&nbsp;K. Sakuta,&nbsp;M. Kamimoto,&nbsp;T. Tani,&nbsp;S. Sawata,&nbsp;T. Horigome","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90073-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90073-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Storage of solar energy is important for the future success of solar energy utilization systems such as solar thermal power plants. Various papers have described the storage methods for storing solar energy. Because of the results of assessing the storage methods proposed in these papers, the method based on heat of dilution was selected by reasons of the ease of heat transfer, the controllability of reaction and the recovery of heat stored. The effectiveness of heat recovered from heat of dilution in the case of storing solar energy in the form of heat of dilution was considered in this paper. Sulfuric acid and water solution used as the typical example of heat of dilution, since its thermodynamic properties were well known. Two liquids were mixed in two different systems of multistage mixing column, and an application of heat of dilution to multipurpose energy utilization was analyzed. The utility of heat of dilution was explained from the results of thermal characteristics of each system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"18 2","pages":"Pages 57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90073-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75483884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The demand for fossil fuels by electric utilities in the United States 美国电力公司对化石燃料的需求
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(78)90077-3
Noel D. Uri
{"title":"The demand for fossil fuels by electric utilities in the United States","authors":"Noel D. Uri","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90077-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90077-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There exists the possibility of interfuel substitution in the generation of electrical energy. The responsiveness of the demand for various fossil fuels by electric utilities, given this economic fact, is investigated. Using aggregate time series data, the results indicate that the responsiveness of the demand for coal, oil, and natural gas by electric utilities to relative price changes is significant. As expected, the demand for fossil fuel increases as the level of generation expands, with the impact being proportionally spread over the fossil fuels. A most interesting result is the negative response of the demand for natural gas by electric utilities to changes in weather conditions. The probable reason for this is that electric utilities, based on current regulatory practices, are among the first to be curtailed should any supply short-fall occur.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"18 2","pages":"Pages 95-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90077-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90580167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
On the relation between global insolation on horizontal and tilted surfaces 关于水平面与倾斜面总日照量的关系
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(78)90087-6
Donald Rapp, David Oxley
{"title":"On the relation between global insolation on horizontal and tilted surfaces","authors":"Donald Rapp,&nbsp;David Oxley","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90087-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90087-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global insolation has been measured at many sites on a horizontal surface, but is needed on a tilted surface. A study has been made of patterns of global insolation for 12 months at Fort Hood, Texas, where measurements are made on both horizontal and tilted surfaces. The results indicate that, during clear weather, use of a geometrical formula for converting horizontal to tilted insolation for direct rays result in values 3.3% high. For the twelve month period March, 1976–February, 1977, including all weather, but only hours where the insolation on the tilted surface is greater than 22 Langleys/hr, the geometrical formula is 4.6% high. It is concluded that the geometrical formula can be used with small corrections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"18 1","pages":"Pages 39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90087-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82544472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Solar thermal electric power systems: Manufacturing cost estimation and systems optimization 太阳能热发电系统:制造成本估算和系统优化
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(78)90076-1
W.S. Duff, W.W. Shaner
{"title":"Solar thermal electric power systems: Manufacturing cost estimation and systems optimization","authors":"W.S. Duff,&nbsp;W.W. Shaner","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90076-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90076-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the spring of 1973, the faculty of the School of Engineering at Colorado State University has hasn engaged in studies to estimate minimum cost systems for generating electric power by solar thermal means. These studies have been financed by the National Science Foundation and the Energy Research and Development Administration. The effort has consisted primarily of estimating the costs of large-volume manufacture of components of candidate systems and developing procedures whereby these complex, inter-related components are synthesized into minimum cost systems.</p><p>This paper describes the approaches used in estimating the manufacturing costs of the system components, describes the procedure developed to find systems optima, illustrates key results and presents the minimum cost designs, makes cost comparisons with present and future methods of electric power generation, and points out what can be done to help make solar electric power generation a more viable alternative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"18 2","pages":"Pages 81-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90076-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77171672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Modeling energy and power requirements of electric vehicles 电动汽车能量和功率需求建模
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(78)90011-6
Peter D. Blair
{"title":"Modeling energy and power requirements of electric vehicles","authors":"Peter D. Blair","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90011-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-7480(78)90011-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we present a model of electric vehicle performance that can be used to estimate energy and power requirements of vehicles in various driving environments. The model is developed from basic vehicle parameters and, when coupled with a simple model of battery performance, is used to examine effective ranges and per-mile traveled energy requirements of electric vehicles as compared with internal combustion powered vehicles under similar driving conditions.</p><p>A number of classes of vehicles are discussed, each of which is identified by characteristic values of the model's vehicle and driving pattern parameters. A simplified driving cycle is adopted and range calculations are made on each of the vehicle classes using a simple model of battery performance for a typical lead-acid battery and for a theoretical high-performance battery.</p><p>The relationships developed here not only provide a simple estimating model of vehicle performance, but also lay the groundwork for a more comprehensive simulation model, the development of which is currently in progress. The simplified model has a number of restrictions on modeling alternative driving patterns. These restrictions are discussed along with logical extensions to the model that address the restrictions.</p><p>The preliminary results of the model indicate that electric vehicles, employing either current technology or high-performance batteries, may be energy efficient in urban environments. However, in inter-city applications, where internal combustion engines are most efficient, the comparative energy efficiency of electrics is minimal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(78)90011-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89561675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Economic analysis of solar total energy systems 太阳能总能源系统的经济分析
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1977-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(77)90027-4
Jesse C. Denton
{"title":"Economic analysis of solar total energy systems","authors":"Jesse C. Denton","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(77)90027-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0013-7480(77)90027-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An economic analysis of a solar total energy system is provided on basic investment analysis principles. Assumptions and simplifications of procedure are stated. Assuming that the technology becomes technologically mature in 1990, the first system built (of the type analysed) is anticipated to have a net present value just over $53 million based on a 25 yr economic lifetime and forecasted values for inflation rate, energy escalation rate, cost of capital, cost of operations, cost of maintenance, depreciation, construction time, costs of gas and electricity, and capital cost. A specific case is analysed. Error and sensitivity analyses are not included.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 199-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0013-7480(77)90027-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73678336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
From oil and gas to alternate fuels: The transition in conversion equipment 从石油和天然气到替代燃料:转换设备的过渡
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1977-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(77)90076-6
J. Belding, W. M. Burnett
{"title":"From oil and gas to alternate fuels: The transition in conversion equipment","authors":"J. Belding, W. M. Burnett","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(77)90076-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7480(77)90076-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"7 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73863270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A two-stage refrigeration and power producing arrangement consisting of a “vortex” cooling tube and a thermoelectric stage 一种由“涡流”冷却管和热电级组成的两级制冷和发电装置
Energy Conversion Pub Date : 1977-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0013-7480(77)90082-1
K. Landecker
{"title":"A two-stage refrigeration and power producing arrangement consisting of a “vortex” cooling tube and a thermoelectric stage","authors":"K. Landecker","doi":"10.1016/0013-7480(77)90082-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7480(77)90082-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100466,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion","volume":"83 1","pages":"119-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77591733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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