Earthquake Research Advances最新文献_第7页

Evaluating and correcting short-term clock drift in data from temporary seismic deployments 评估和纠正临时地震部署数据中的短期时钟漂移

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100199

Aqeel Abbas , Gaohua Zhu , Jinping Zi , Han Chen , Hongfeng Yang

{"title":"Evaluating and correcting short-term clock drift in data from temporary seismic deployments","authors":"Aqeel Abbas , Gaohua Zhu , Jinping Zi , Han Chen , Hongfeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temporary seismic network deployments often suffer from incorrect timing records and thus pose a challenge to fully utilize the valuable data. To inspect and fix such time problems, the ambient noise cross-correlation function (NCCF) has been widely adopted by using daily waveforms. However, it is still challenging to detect the short-term clock drift and overcome the influence of local noise on NCCF. To address these challenges, we conduct a study on two temporary datasets, including an ocean-bottom-seismometer (OBS) dataset from the southern Mariana subduction zone and a dataset from a temporary dense network from the Weiyuan shale gas field, Sichuan, China. We first inspect the teleseismic and local event waveforms to evaluate the overall clock drift and data quality for both datasets. For the OBS dataset, NCCF using different time segments (3, 6, and 12-h) beside daily waveforms data is computed to select the data length with optimal detection capability. Eventually, the 6-h segment is the preferred choice with high detection efficiency and low noise level. For the land dataset, higher drift detection is achieved by NCCF using the daily long waveforms. Meanwhile, we find that NCCF symmetry on the dense array is highly influenced by localized intense noise for large interstation distances (>1 km) but is well preserved for short interstation distances. The results have shown that the use of different segments of daily waveform data in the OBS dataset, and the careful selection of interstation distances in the land dataset substantially improved the NCCF results. All the clock drifts in both datasets are successfully corrected and verified with waveforms and NCCF. The newly developed strategies using short-segment NCCF help to overcome the existing issues to correct the clock drift of seismic data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49708515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncertainty in the seismic performance of semi-active base isolation systems 半主动基础隔震系统抗震性能的不确定性

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100173

Xiaoyue Wang, Zhe Qu

{"title":"Uncertainty in the seismic performance of semi-active base isolation systems","authors":"Xiaoyue Wang, Zhe Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a conventional base isolation system, minimizing the seismic responses of the superstructure is always at the cost of increasing the isolator's response. The semi-active control of the isolator has been considered an effective solution to such a dilemma. It tunes the real-time properties of the isolator according to preset rules to further reduce the superstructure's seismic responses without increasing that of the isolator or vice versa. However, the number of ground motion records used to design and validate the controller, i.e., the preset rules, in existing studies is usually very small and therefore is suspectable if it is adequate to address the significant uncertainty in the shaking of future earthquakes. This paper critically reviews the performance of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID), linear-quadratic regulator (LQR), and fuzzy controllers in semi-active base isolation systems with magnetorheological (MR) dampers subjected to highly uncertain ground motion inputs through numerical simulations. The results show that the control performance of the controllers varies significantly with the increasing number of input records, suggesting the necessity of using at least 50 ground motion records to appropriately assess the performance uncertainty of semi-active base isolation systems. More importantly, the superior performance of the optimized controllers is not guaranteed if the system is subjected to ground motions that are new to the controller, even if the controller has been optimized for thousands of existing ground motions. It highlights the need of improving the adaptability of the semi-active systems for uncertain ground motion inputs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49704050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lacustrine sedimentary responses to earthquakes—soft-sediment deformation structures since late Pleistocene: A review of current understanding 晚更新世以来湖泊沉积对地震-软沉积变形构造的响应:当前认识综述

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100158

Long Guo , Zhongtai He , Linlin Li

引用次数: 2

Rapid assessment of the September 5, 2022 MS 6.8 Luding earthquake in Sichuan, China 2022年9月5日中国四川泸定6.8级地震的快速评估

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2023.100214

Dengjie Kang , Wenkai Chen , Huaiqun Zhao , Dun Wang

{"title":"Rapid assessment of the September 5, 2022 MS 6.8 Luding earthquake in Sichuan, China","authors":"Dengjie Kang , Wenkai Chen , Huaiqun Zhao , Dun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2023.100214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2023.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At 12:52, September 5, 2022, an <em>M</em><sub>S</sub> 6.8 earthquake occurred in Luding, Sichuan. The earthquake caused serious casualties and property loss, and was determined to have an epicenter intensity of IX degree. In this study, we used three earthquake intensity rapid assessment methods (i.e. WFM, BPM and ASM) to evaluate the intensity of this earthquake. Then, we comparatively analyzed the three methods based on strong ground motion observation data and actual intensity maps. The results show that: (1) The earthquake is associated with a southeast-oriented single-sided rupture. The WFM method can only evaluate earthquakes with two-sided ruptures, which has some limitations; (2) The intensity of BPM and ASM was overestimated on the southwest and north sides of the epicenter, but other high-intensity zones were similar to the intensities measured by actual surveys; (3) The residuals of the three intensity assessment methods were all between −0.5 and 1. Although a small number of stations were underestimated, the overall residuals were good, and the residuals gradually approached 0 with the increase of distance; (4) The number of towns and villages evaluated by the three methods in the earthquake area was almost all lower than the field survey results. One exception is the area of VIII degree, where the BPM and ASM were higher than the survey results; (5) The area of the earthquake area evaluated by the three methods was low in VI and VII degree, moderate in VIII degree, and low in IX degree (the area from ASM is similar to the area measured by actual survey). Overall, ASM is applicable to this earthquake intensity assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49704227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Rapid report of seismic damage to buildings in the 2022 M 6.8 Luding earthquake, China 2022年中国泸定6.8级地震中建筑物地震破坏的快速报告

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100180

Zhe Qu , Baijie Zhu , Yuteng Cao , Haoran Fu

{"title":"Rapid report of seismic damage to buildings in the 2022 M 6.8 Luding earthquake, China","authors":"Zhe Qu , Baijie Zhu , Yuteng Cao , Haoran Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The report summarizes the observed damage to a variety of buildings near the epicenter of the <em>M</em>6.8 Luding earthquake in Sichuan Province, China. They include base-isolated buildings, multi-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings, and masonry buildings. The near-field region is known to be tectonically highly active, and the local intensity level is the highest, that is, 0.4<em>g</em> peak ground acceleration (<em>PGA</em>) for the design basis earthquake, in the Chinese zonation of seismic ground motion parameters. The extent of damage ranged from the weak-story collapse that claimed lives to the extensive nonstructural damage that suspended occupancy. The report highlights the first observation of the destruction of rubber bearings and viscous dampers in the isolation layer of Chinese seismically isolated buildings. It also features the rare observation of the brittle shear failure of RC columns in moment-resisting frames in a region of such a high seismic design requirement. Possible reasons that may have attributed to the reported damage are suggested by providing facts observed in the field. However, careful forensic analyses are needed before any conclusive judgment can be made.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49703734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Assessment of strong earthquake risk in the Chinese mainland from 2021 to 2030 2021 - 2030年中国大陆强震风险评估

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100177

Zhigang Shao , Yanqiang Wu , Lingyun Ji , Faqi Diao , Fuqiang Shi , Yujiang Li , Feng Long , Hui Zhang , Wuxing Wang , Wenxin Wei , Peng Wang , Xiaoxia Liu , Qi Liu , Zhengyang Pan , Xiaofei Yin , Yue Liu , Wei Feng , Zhenyu Zou , Jia Cheng , Renqi Lu , Xi Li

{"title":"Assessment of strong earthquake risk in the Chinese mainland from 2021 to 2030","authors":"Zhigang Shao , Yanqiang Wu , Lingyun Ji , Faqi Diao , Fuqiang Shi , Yujiang Li , Feng Long , Hui Zhang , Wuxing Wang , Wenxin Wei , Peng Wang , Xiaoxia Liu , Qi Liu , Zhengyang Pan , Xiaofei Yin , Yue Liu , Wei Feng , Zhenyu Zou , Jia Cheng , Renqi Lu , Xi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The long-term earthquake prediction from 2021 to 2030 is carried out by researching the active tectonic block boundary zones in the Chinese mainland. Based on the strong earthquake recurrence model, the cumulative probability of each target fault in the next 10 years is given by the recurrence period and elapsed time of each fault, which are adopted from relevant studies such as seismological geology, geodesy, and historical earthquake records. Based on the long-term predictions of large earthquakes throughout the world, this paper proposes a comprehensive judgment scheme based on the fault segments with the seismic gap, motion strongly locked, sparse small-moderate earthquakes, and apparent Coulomb stress increase. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the relative risk for strong earthquakes that may occur in the coming 10 years on the major faults in the active tectonic block boundary zones in the Chinese mainland. The present loading rate of each fault is first constrained by geodetic observations; the cumulative displacement of each fault is then estimated by the elapsed time since the most recent strong earthquake.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49708327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

3D S-wave velocity structure of the Ningdu basin in Jiangxi province inferred from ambient noise tomography with dense array 基于密集阵环境噪声层析成像的江西宁都盆地三维横波速度结构

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100176

Long Teng , Xiangteng Wang , Chunlei Fu , Feng Bao , Jiajun Chong , Sidao Ni , Zhiwei Li

{"title":"3D S-wave velocity structure of the Ningdu basin in Jiangxi province inferred from ambient noise tomography with dense array","authors":"Long Teng , Xiangteng Wang , Chunlei Fu , Feng Bao , Jiajun Chong , Sidao Ni , Zhiwei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Ningdu basin, located in southern Jiangxi province of southwest China, is one of the Mesozoic basin groups which has exploration prospects for geothermal energy. A study on the detailed velocity structure of the Ningdu basin can provide important information for geothermal resource exploration. In this study, we deployed a dense seismic array in the Ningdu basin to investigate the 3D velocity structure and discuss implications for geothermal exploration and geological evolution. Based on the dense seismic array including 35 short-period (5 s-100 Hz) seismometers with an average interstation distance of ∼5 km, Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curves were extracted from the continuous ambient noise data for surface wave tomographic inversion. Group velocity tomography was conducted and the 3D S-wave velocity structure was inverted by the neighborhood algorithm. The results revealed obvious low-velocity anomalies in the center of the basin, consistent with the low-velocity Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. The basement and basin-controlling fault can also be depicted by the S-wave velocity anomalies. The obvious seismic interface is about 2 km depth in the basin center and decreases to 700 m depth near the basin boundary, suggesting spatial thickness variations of the Cretaceous sediment. The fault features of the S-wave velocity profile coincide with the geological cognition of the western boundary basin-controlling fault, which may provide possible upwelling channels for geothermal fluid. This study suggests that seismic tomography with a dense array is an effective method and can play an important role in the detailed investigations of sedimentary basins.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49703831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A case-based reasoning method of recognizing liquefaction pits induced by 2021 MW 7.3 Madoi earthquake 基于案例推理的2021 MW 7.3地震液化坑识别方法

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100182

Peng Liang , Yueren Xu , Wenqiao Li , Yanbo Zhang , Qinjian Tian

{"title":"A case-based reasoning method of recognizing liquefaction pits induced by 2021 MW 7.3 Madoi earthquake","authors":"Peng Liang , Yueren Xu , Wenqiao Li , Yanbo Zhang , Qinjian Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Earthquake-triggered liquefaction deformation could lead to severe infrastructure damage and associated casualties and property damage. At present, there are few studies on the rapid extraction of liquefaction pits based on high-resolution satellite images. Therefore, we provide a framework for extracting liquefaction pits based on a case-based reasoning method. Furthermore, five covariates selection methods were used to filter the 11 covariates that were generated from high-resolution satellite images and digital elevation models (DEM). The proposed method was trained with 450 typical samples which were collected based on visual interpretation, then used the trained case-based reasoning method to identify the liquefaction pits in the whole study area. The performance of the proposed methods was evaluated from three aspects, the prediction accuracies of liquefaction pits based on the validation samples by kappa index, the comparison between the pre- and post-earthquake images, the rationality of spatial distribution of liquefaction pits. The final result shows the importance of covariates ranked by different methods could be different. However, the most important of covariates is consistent. When selecting five most important covariates, the value of kappa index could be about 96%. There also exist clear differences between the pre- and post-earthquake areas that were identified as liquefaction pits. The predicted spatial distribution of liquefaction is also consistent with the formation principle of liquefaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49704175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-time prediction of earthquake potential damage: A case study for the January 8, 2022 MS 6.9 Menyuan earthquake in Qinghai, China 地震潜在危害的实时预测:以2022年1月8日中国青海门源6.9级地震为例

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100197

Jindong Song , Jingbao Zhu , Yongxiang Wei , Shuilong Li , Shanyou Li

{"title":"Real-time prediction of earthquake potential damage: A case study for the January 8, 2022 MS 6.9 Menyuan earthquake in Qinghai, China","authors":"Jindong Song , Jingbao Zhu , Yongxiang Wei , Shuilong Li , Shanyou Li","doi":"10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is critical to determine whether a site has potential damage in real-time after an earthquake occurs, which is a challenge in earthquake disaster reduction. Here, we propose a real-time <strong>E</strong>arthquake <strong>P</strong>otential <strong>D</strong>amage predict<strong>or</strong> (EPDor) based on predicting peak ground velocities (PGVs) of sites. The EPDor is composed of three parts: (1) predicting the magnitude of an earthquake and PGVs of triggered stations based on the machine learning prediction models; (2) predicting the PGVs at distant sites based on the empirical ground motion prediction equation; (3) generating the PGV map through predicting the PGV of each grid point based on an interpolation process of weighted average based on the predicted values in (1) and (2). We apply the EPDor to the 2022 <em>M</em><sub>S</sub> 6.9 Menyuan earthquake in Qinghai Province, China to predict its potential damage. Within the initial few seconds after the first station is triggered, the EPDor can determine directly whether there is potential damage for some sites to a certain degree. Hence, we infer that the EPDor has potential application for future earthquakes. Meanwhile, it also has potential in Chinese earthquake early warning system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100384,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Research Advances","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49703899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid report of June 1, 2022 MW 5.9 Lushan earthquake, China with geodetic and teleseismic data 利用大地测量和远震资料快速报道2022年6月1日中国庐山5.9级地震

Earthquake Research Advances Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eqrea.2022.100172

Lei Xie , Nan Fang , Xiaoge Liu , Wenbin Xu

引用次数: 1