CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98195-Q
H. Hamada , S. Ramakrishna , H. Satoh
{"title":"Crushing mechanism of carbon fibre/PEEK composite tubes","authors":"H. Hamada , S. Ramakrishna , H. Satoh","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98195-Q","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98195-Q","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the past two decades the specific energy absorption capability of polymer composite tubes has increased steadily by using advanced fibres and tough resin matrices. Tubes based on carbon fibres in a matrix of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) have displayed the highest specific energy absorption capability, of 180 kJ kg<sup>−1</sup>. The various factors contributing to the superior performance of carbon/PEEK tubes have been identified by studying the crushing process using a step-by-step crushing method. Attempts have been made to correlate microfracture features of the crush zone with energy absorption capability. The superior performance of carbon fibre/PEEK tubes is attributed mainly to (a) the higher fracture toughness of PEEK matrix composites, (b) splitting of fronds and (c) the large number of fibre fractures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"26 11","pages":"Pages 749-755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98195-Q","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73604967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98196-R
S.L. Bazhenov
{"title":"Bending failure of aramid fibre-reinforced composite","authors":"S.L. Bazhenov","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98196-R","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98196-R","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexural failure of a unidirectional aramid SVM/epoxy composite was studied using two-point loading of half-ring specimens. Failure originated near the compressive side of the specimen where several intersecting shear yield bands, similar to slip bands in metals, were observed. The angle between the yield bands and the loading direction was45 ± 2°. The thickness of the yield bands grew proportionally to the shear displacement of their opposite sides. The yield stress of the SVM fibres in bending was equal to 500 MPa, which is close to the fibre strength in pure axial compression of 400–450 MPa. The maximum failure stress of the composite in bending, 530 MPa, was approximately twice as high as the strength of the composite under pure axial compression (260–280 MPa). In bending the composite is elastic in the tensile part of the beam whilst the other, compressed, part is elastic-plastic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"26 11","pages":"Pages 757-765"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98196-R","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76547519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98197-S
C.Y. Yue, H.C. Looi
{"title":"Influence of thermal and microwave processing on the mechanical and interfacial properties of a glass/epoxy composite","authors":"C.Y. Yue, H.C. Looi","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98197-S","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98197-S","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influence of two curing methods, namely thermal and electromagnetic radiation (microwave) curing, on the mechanical properties of a glass fibre/epoxy model composite has been studied. The advantage of microwave processing is that it leads to significantly faster curing times compared to thermal processing. The influence of processing technique on the mechanical and interfacial properties was determined. The interfacial properties considered include the interfacial shear (bond) strengthτ<sub>i</sub>, the matrix shrinkage pressure on the fibre<em>P</em><sub>o</sub>, the interfacial coefficient of friction μ and the interfacial frictional shear stressτ<sub>f</sub>. The interfacial properties were determined from analysis of experimental data from pull-out tests. Based on these results, the effect of thermal and microwave processing on the mechanical properties of the glass fibre/epoxy composite system was elucidated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"26 11","pages":"Pages 767-773"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98197-S","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81460928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98198-T
M. Hadjiprocopiou, G. Reed, L. Hollaway, A. Thorne, H. Garden
{"title":"Experimental results and finite element modelling of an embedded polarimetric sensor","authors":"M. Hadjiprocopiou, G. Reed, L. Hollaway, A. Thorne, H. Garden","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98198-T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98198-T","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"37 1","pages":"775-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75012489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98199-U
J. Jiang, C. Collado , D. Keeley, B. Dodd
{"title":"Room temperature formability of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites: forging, extrusion and deep drawing","authors":"J. Jiang, C. Collado , D. Keeley, B. Dodd","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98199-U","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98199-U","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The room temperature formability of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) was studied in tensile and compression tests. The ductilities of these materials in tension and compression are different in response to different heat treatments and external loading conditions. Different failure mechanisms in tension and compression have been observed by microscopic investigations. Optimum heat treatment was found to give the materials' highest cold formability, which allows them to be cold deformed to net shape. Demonstration components were produced by various processing methods at room temperature. A combination of the proper heat treatment and superimposed hydrostatic pressure has made it possible to carry out complex processing, such as deep drawing, for an MMC sheet.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"26 11","pages":"Pages 785-789"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98199-U","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74861681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)90057-8
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98198-T
M. Hadjiprocopiou , G.T. Reed , L. Hollaway , A.M. Thorne , H. Garden
{"title":"Experimental results and finite element modelling of an embedded polarimetric sensor","authors":"M. Hadjiprocopiou , G.T. Reed , L. Hollaway , A.M. Thorne , H. Garden","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98198-T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98198-T","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>‘Smart structures’ or ‘smart skins’ will require structurally integrated sensing systems that can operate in practical situations. Optical sensing techniques are receiving considerable attention for the monitoring of such systems. In this work an optical-fibre sensor has been embedded, without removing its acrylate protective coating, in a glass fibre-reinforced polymer. A single-ended polarimetric sensor was utilized with a large dynamic range for strain measurements up to 2000 με, at which value the sensor failed. The optical measurements show good agreement with conventional electrical resistance strain gauge measurements. Finite element modelling was used to investigate the stress/strain distributions within the composite material and the embedded optical fibre. The modelling results show excellent agreement with the experimental results and suggest that the soft acrylate coating is debonding, thus reducing the sensor's dynamic range.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"26 11","pages":"Pages 775-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98198-T","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91712863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98194-P
W.S. Arnold, M.D. Robb, I.H. Marshall
{"title":"Failure envelopes for notched CSM laminates under biaxial loading","authors":"W.S. Arnold, M.D. Robb, I.H. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98194-P","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98194-P","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The failure strength and characteristics of plain and notched E-glass chopped strand mat (CSM) reinforced polyester laminates, subject to uniaxial and biaxial loading, are investigated. Flat plate square specimens are tested in a novel, specially designed test rig which enables independent tension/tension, tension/compression and compression/compression testing in all stress quadrants. The influence of altering the loading history on the failure strength is discussed. Biaxial failure envelopes are presented for plain specimens and for notched specimens, i.e.<em>D/W</em> = 0.27, 0.214, 0.178, 0.07. Results for the plain specimens are compared with the maximum stress, maximum strain, maximum shear stress and the quadratic interactive stress criterion. A finite element analysis is performed to predict the residual strength of the notched specimens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"26 11","pages":"Pages 739-747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98194-P","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86205137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CompositesPub Date : 1995-11-01DOI: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)98200-5
W. Kowbel, C.H. Shan
{"title":"Mechanical behaviour of carbon-carbon composites made with cold plasma treated carbon fibres","authors":"W. Kowbel, C.H. Shan","doi":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98200-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-4361(95)98200-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon-carbon (C-C) composites offer unique structural characteristics including low density, high stiffness, high strength and high fracture toughness. Fibre-matrix interactions play a critical role in determining the load transfer between the fibre and matrix in these composites. This paper addresses the role of plasma fibre surface treatments in optimizing the mechanical properties of C-C composites made with surface treated fibres. Very short treatment times (less than 1 min) were found to be beneficial in introducing the desired fibre surface chemistry without degenerating the fibre's strength properties. C-C composites made with 30 s oxygen plasma treated fibres exhibited a 25% increase in flexure strength combined with a shear failure. Morphological and chemical characteristics of surface treated fibres are correlated with the mechanical properties of C-C composites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100296,"journal":{"name":"Composites","volume":"26 11","pages":"Pages 791-797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-4361(95)98200-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77022127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}