Cognitive Brain Research最新文献_第10页

Self-reported awareness of performance in dementia 痴呆症患者自我报告的表现意识

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.001

David P. Graham , Mark E. Kunik , Rachelle Doody , A. Lynn Snow

{"title":"Self-reported awareness of performance in dementia","authors":"David P. Graham , Mark E. Kunik , Rachelle Doody , A. Lynn Snow","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to test the theory that patients with dementia<span> do not update their self-perceptions based on actual performance. This experiment compared differences between post-task perceptions of performance and actual performance in persons with dementia and normal controls on seven cognitive tasks. Participants included 35 volunteers (12 with dementia and 23 without) from the Houston Veterans Affairs nursing home and geropsychiatric inpatient unit and outpatient clinics and from the Baylor College of Medicine's Alzheimer's Disease Center. Measurements included 7 subtests of the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale and standardized interview questions assessing perceived performance on each of these subtests. Participants with dementia had similar perceptions of performance to normal controls yet evidenced much worse performance on all seven cognitive screening tasks. Thirty-one percent of normal controls over-estimated their performance, compared to 64% of those with mild–moderate dementia and 93% with moderate–severe dementia. Our study supports the theory that demented individuals do not update their self-perceptions of performance. However, a large portion of normal controls was also inaccurate evaluating their own performances. Thus, post-diction measures provide useful insight into the mechanisms of self-awareness but may not be appropriate assessment tools to identify clinically significant impaired self-awareness.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40933421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 87

Synesthesia: When colors count 联觉:当颜色起作用时

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.005

Daria Knoch , Lorena R.R. Gianotti , Christine Mohr , Peter Brugger

引用次数: 53

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increases tolerance to human experimental pain 反复经颅磁刺激背外侧前额叶皮层增加对人类实验性疼痛的耐受性

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002

Ariel Graff-Guerrero , Jorge González-Olvera , Ana Fresán , Diana Gómez-Martín , Juan Carlos Méndez-Núñez , Francisco Pellicer

{"title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increases tolerance to human experimental pain","authors":"Ariel Graff-Guerrero , Jorge González-Olvera , Ana Fresán , Diana Gómez-Martín , Juan Carlos Méndez-Núñez , Francisco Pellicer","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFCx) has been implicated in pain perception and in a pain modulation pathway. However, the precise participation of this region is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether 1 Hz rTMS of DLPFCx modifies threshold and tolerance in experimental pain.</p><p>The effect of 1 Hz rTMS during 15 min at 100% motor threshold was tested in one hundred and eighty right-handed healthy volunteers, using a parallel-group stimulation design. The stimulation sites were right or left DLPFCx, right or left motor cortex, vertex or sham. rTMS was applied in two experimental contexts: (1) To evaluate its transitory effect (interference or facilitation) during cold pressor threshold (CPTh) and tolerance (CPTt) and (2) to evaluate its long-term effect by stimulating before CPTh, CPTt, pain heat thermal threshold, pain pressure threshold and tolerance.</p><p>During rTMS of right DLPFCx, an increase in left hand CPTt (mean ± SD; 17.63 s ± 5.58 to 30.94 s ± 14.84, <em>P</em> < 0.001) and in right hand CPTt (18.65 s ± 6.47 to 26.74 s ± 11.85, <em>P</em> < 0.001) were shown. No other stimulation site modified any of the pain measures during or after rTMS.</p><p>These results show that 1 Hz rTMS of right DLPFCx has a selective effect by increasing pain tolerance and also sustains a right hemisphere preference in pain processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40947582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 135

Naming of newly learned objects: A PET activation study 命名新学习的对象:PET激活研究

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.010

Petra Grönholm , Juha O. Rinne , Victor Vorobyev , Matti Laine

{"title":"Naming of newly learned objects: A PET activation study","authors":"Petra Grönholm , Juha O. Rinne , Victor Vorobyev , Matti Laine","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The present study tracked the naming-related brain activity by positron emission tomography<span> (PET) when successfully learned unfamiliar objects were named. Ten Finnish-speaking subjects participated in the study. Prior to the PET scan, each subject underwent a 4-day long training period in which 40 names of rare unfamiliar objects were taught. The stimulus categories were as follows: unfamiliar but real objects for which both the name and the definition were given during training, only the name was given, no information was given. In addition, familiar objects and visual noise patterns were used. The unfamiliar items mainly represented ancient domestic tools unknown to modern-day people. As semantic support did not affect the PET results, all trained items were pooled together. The trained objects vs. familiar objects contrast revealed rCBF increases in the left inferior frontal cortex (Broca's area), the left anterior temporal area, and the </span></span>cerebellum<span>. Likewise, the trained objects vs. unfamiliar objects (for which no information was given) contrast revealed more extensive left frontal (roughly Broca's area) and cerebellar rCBF increases, while anterior temporal activation was bilateral. Familiar objects, contrasted with both visual noise patterns and a rest condition, elicited activation increases in expected areas, i.e., bilateral occipital regions and the fusiform gyrus<span>. Our results indicate that the naming of newly learned objects recruits more extensive brain areas than the naming of familiar items, namely a network that includes left-dominant frontotemporal areas and cerebellum. Its activity is tentatively related to enhanced lexical–semantic and lexical–phonological retrieval, as well as associative memory processes.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25244493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 61

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.016

Danielle J. Tisserand , Anthony R. McIntosh , Freddy M. van der Veen , Walter H. Backes , Jelle Jolles

{"title":"Age-related reorganization of encoding networks directly influences subsequent recognition memory","authors":"Danielle J. Tisserand , Anthony R. McIntosh , Freddy M. van der Veen , Walter H. Backes , Jelle Jolles","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to link performance-related brain activity during two word encoding tasks to subsequent recognition for those words in young and older adults. There were no significant group differences in performance during encoding, but the young subjects performed better than the older at the recognition task. Performance-related brain networks strongly differed between the two groups. In young subjects, there were two networks associated with performance, one related to encoding (mainly involving premotor and parietal brain regions) and the other to recognition (involving middle frontal, and lateral and medial temporal regions), whereas the network for older subjects (including prefrontal, premotor, lateral and medial temporal regions) was associated both with encoding and recognition. Areas in this network strongly overlapped with those supporting recognition in the young subjects (e.g., medial temporal lobe), suggesting that older subjects may have recruited these areas to maintain performance during encoding. However, this reorganization of brain networks appears to have come at the cost of subsequent recognition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25135007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The oscillatory network of simple repetitive bimanual movements 简单重复双手动作的振荡网络

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.004

Bettina Pollok, Martin Südmeyer, Joachim Gross, Alfons Schnitzler

{"title":"The oscillatory network of simple repetitive bimanual movements","authors":"Bettina Pollok, Martin Südmeyer, Joachim Gross, Alfons Schnitzler","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bimanual synchronization relies on the precisely coordinated interplay of both hands. It is assumed that during temporal bimanual coordination, timing signals controlling each hand might be integrated. Although a specific role of the cerebellum for this integration process has been suggested, its neural foundations are still poorly understood. Since dynamic interactions between spatially distributed neural activity are reflected in oscillatory neural coupling, the aim of the present study was to characterize the dynamic interplay<span> between participating brain structures. More specifically, the study aimed at investigating whether any evidence for the integration of bilateral cerebellar hemispheres<span> could be found. Seven right-handed subjects synchronized bimanual index finger-taps to a regular pacing signal. We recorded continuous neuromagnetic activity using a 122-channel whole-head neuromagnetometer and surface EMGs of the first dorsal interosseus (FDI) muscle of both hands. Coherence analysis revealed that an oscillatory network coupling at 8–12 Hz subserves task execution. The constituents are bilateral primary sensorimotor and premotor areas, posterior-parietal and primary auditory cortex<span>, thalamus and cerebellum. Coupling occurred at different cortical and subcortical levels within and between both hemispheres. Coupling between primary sensorimotor and premotor areas was observed directly and indirectly via the thalamus. Coupling direction suggests that information was integrated within the left premotor cortex corroborating a specific role of the left premotor cortex for motor control in right-handers. Most importantly, our data indicate strong coupling between both cerebellar hemispheres substantiating the hypothesis that cerebellar signals might be integrated during task execution.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25193067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 68

Reduced stress pattern discrimination in 5-month-olds as a marker of risk for later language impairment: Neurophysiologial evidence 减少压力模式歧视在5个月大的婴儿作为后期语言障碍风险的标志:神经生理学证据

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.007

Christiane Weber, Anja Hahne, Manuela Friedrich, Angela D. Friederici

{"title":"Reduced stress pattern discrimination in 5-month-olds as a marker of risk for later language impairment: Neurophysiologial evidence","authors":"Christiane Weber, Anja Hahne, Manuela Friedrich, Angela D. Friederici","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study at hand investigates prosodic abilities of infants as early predictors of Specific Language Impairment<span> (SLI), which is commonly diagnosed at a later age. The study is based on the hypothesis that the prosodic abilities of infants at risk for SLI are less elaborated than those of controls due to less efficient processing of the relevant acoustic cues. One of the most critical prosodic cues for word segmentation is stress pattern. In German as well as in English, the most frequent stress pattern of bisyllabics is the trochee, in which stress is placed on the first syllable. Using a passive oddball design, German 5-month-olds were examined with respect to their ability to discriminate different stress patterns of bisyllabics. Infants were grouped retrospectively based on their production performance at the ages of 12 and 24 months. In contrast to matched controls, infants with very low word production displayed event-related brain potentials with a significantly reduced amplitude of the discrimination response, i.e. a Mismatch Negativity (MMN), to the trochaic stress pattern. This amplitude difference indicates impaired prosodic processing of word stress during early development and may thus be taken as an early marker of risk for SLI.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25132691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 78

Listening to action-related sentences modulates the activity of the motor system: A combined TMS and behavioral study 听与动作相关的句子调节运动系统的活动:一项结合颅磁刺激和行为的研究

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.02.020

G. Buccino , L. Riggio , G. Melli , F. Binkofski , V. Gallese , G. Rizzolatti

{"title":"Listening to action-related sentences modulates the activity of the motor system: A combined TMS and behavioral study","authors":"G. Buccino , L. Riggio , G. Melli , F. Binkofski , V. Gallese , G. Rizzolatti","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.02.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.02.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and a behavioral paradigm were used to assess whether listening to action-related sentences modulates the activity of the motor system. By means of single-pulse TMS, either the hand or the foot/leg motor area in the left hemisphere was stimulated in distinct experimental sessions, while participants were listening to sentences expressing hand and foot actions. Listening to abstract content sentences served as a control. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from hand and foot muscles. Results showed that MEPs recorded from hand muscles were specifically modulated by listening to hand-action-related sentences, as were MEPs recorded from foot muscles by listening to foot-action-related sentences. This modulation consisted of an amplitude decrease of the recorded MEPs. In the behavioral task, participants had to respond with the hand or the foot while listening to actions expressing hand and foot actions, as compared to abstract sentences. Coherently with the results obtained with TMS, when the response was given with the hand, reaction times were slower during listening to hand-action-related sentences, while when the response was given with the foot, reaction times were slower during listening to foot-action-related sentences. The present data show that processing verbally presented actions activates different sectors of the motor system, depending on the effector used in the listened-to action.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.02.020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24956320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 670

Paradoxical lateralization of brain potentials during imagined foot movements 想象足部运动时脑电位的矛盾偏侧化

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.004

Allen Osman , Kai-Markus Müller , Peter Syre , Brian Russ

引用次数: 8

Only spontaneous counterfactual thinking is impaired in patients with prefrontal cortex lesions 只有自发的反事实思维在前额皮质损伤的患者中受损

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.03.013

Marian Gomez Beldarrain , J. Carlos Garcia-Monco , Elena Astigarraga , Ainara Gonzalez , Jordan Grafman

引用次数: 96