Cognitive Brain Research最新文献_第9页

Interstimulus contingency facilitates saccadic responses in a bimodal go/no-go task 刺激间偶然性促进了双峰去/不去任务中的跳变反应

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006

Holle Kirchner , Hans Colonius

{"title":"Interstimulus contingency facilitates saccadic responses in a bimodal go/no-go task","authors":"Holle Kirchner , Hans Colonius","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The saccadic response to a suddenly appearing visual target stimulus is faster when an accessory auditory stimulus is presented in its spatiotemporal proximity. This multisensory facilitation of reaction time is usually considered a mandatory bottom–up process. Here, we report that it can be modulated by the predictability of the target location provided by an accessory stimulus, thereby indicating a form of top–down processing. Subjects were asked to make a saccade in the direction of a visual target randomly appearing left or right from fixation. An accessory auditory stimulus was presented either at the same location or opposite to the target, with the probability varying over blocks of presentation. Thus, the auditory stimulus contained probabilistic information about the target location (interstimulus contingency). A certain percentage of the trials were catch trials in which the auditory accompanying stimulus (Experiment 1) or the visual target (Experiment 2) was presented alone and the subjects were asked to withhold their response. In particular with visual catch trials, varying the predictability of target location resulted in reaction time facilitation in the bimodal trials, with both high (80%) and low predictability (20%), but only when both stimuli were presented within a small time window (40 ms). As subjects could not possibly follow the task instructions in this short period explicitly, we conclude that they utilized the interstimulus contingency information implicitly, thus revealing an extremely fast involuntary top–down control on saccadic eye movements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25208311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Late interaction of syntactic and prosodic processes in sentence comprehension as revealed by ERPs erp揭示句子理解中句法和韵律过程的后期相互作用

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.003

Korinna Eckstein, Angela D. Friederici

{"title":"Late interaction of syntactic and prosodic processes in sentence comprehension as revealed by ERPs","authors":"Korinna Eckstein, Angela D. Friederici","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study was designed to examine the processing of prosodic and syntactic information in spoken language. The aim was to investigate the long discussed relationship between prosody and syntax in online speech comprehension to reveal direct evidence about whether the two information types are interactive or independent from each other. The method of event-related potentials allowed us to sheet light on the precise time course of this relationship. Our experimental manipulation involved two prosodically different positions in German sentences, i.e., the critical noun in penultimate vs. final position. In syntactically correct sentences, a prosodic manipulation of the penultimate word gave rise to a late centroparietal negativity that resembled the classical N400 component. We interpreted the negativity as a correlate of lexical integration costs for the prosodically unexpected sentence-final word. Comparisons with syntactically incorrect sentences revealed that this effect was dependent on the sentences' grammatical correctness. When the prosodic manipulation was realized at the final word, we observed a right anterior negativity followed by a late positivity (P600). The right anterior negativity was present independent of the sentences' grammatical correctness. However, the P600 was not, as a late positivity was present for straightforward prosodic and syntactic violations but increased for the combined violations. This suggests that the right anterior negativity, and not the P600, should be considered as a pure prosodic effect. The combined data moreover suggest an interaction between prosody and syntax in a later time window during sentence comprehension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24855516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 76

The time course of off-line motor sequence learning 离线运动序列学习的时间过程

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.010

Daniel Z. Press , Melynda D. Casement , Alvaro Pascual-Leone , Edwin M. Robertson

引用次数: 108

Experimental hand pain delays recognition of the contralateral hand—Evidence that acute and chronic pain have opposite effects on information processing? 实验性手痛延迟对侧手的识别-证据表明急性和慢性疼痛对信息加工有相反的影响?

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008

G.L. Moseley , D.F. Sim , M.L. Henry , T. Souvlis

{"title":"Experimental hand pain delays recognition of the contralateral hand—Evidence that acute and chronic pain have opposite effects on information processing?","authors":"G.L. Moseley , D.F. Sim , M.L. Henry , T. Souvlis","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recognising the laterality of a pictured hand involves making an initial decision and confirming that choice by mentally moving one's own hand to match the picture. This depends on an intact body schema. Because patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) take longer to recognise a hand's laterality when it corresponds to their affected hand, it has been proposed that nociceptive input disrupts the body schema. However, chronic pain is associated with physiological and psychosocial complexities that may also explain the results. In three studies, we investigated whether the effect is simply due to nociceptive input. Study one evaluated the temporal and perceptual characteristics of acute hand pain elicited by intramuscular injection of hypertonic saline into the thenar eminence. In studies two and three, subjects performed a hand laterality recognition task before, during, and after acute experimental hand pain, and experimental elbow pain, respectively. During hand pain and during elbow pain, when the laterality of the pictured hand corresponded to the painful side, there was no effect on response time (RT). That suggests that nociceptive input alone is not sufficient to disrupt the working body schema. Conversely to patients with CRPS1, when the laterality of the pictured hand corresponded to the non-painful hand, RT increased ∼380 ms (95% confidence interval 190 ms–590 ms). The results highlight the differences between acute and chronic pain and may reflect a bias in information processing in acute pain toward the affected part.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25142230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 68

The recognition potential: Semantic processing or the detection of differences between stimuli? 识别潜能:语义处理还是对刺激之间差异的检测?

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001

Jie Pu , Danling Peng , Heath A. Demaree , Yan Song , Jinghan Wei , Lun Xu

{"title":"The recognition potential: Semantic processing or the detection of differences between stimuli?","authors":"Jie Pu , Danling Peng , Heath A. Demaree , Yan Song , Jinghan Wei , Lun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recognition potential is traditionally described as an electrical index elicited when subjects view a recognizable stimulus. Recent studies further show that it may be influenced by semantic processing. In this study, we investigated whether this observed influence is really produced by differences in semantic processing or whether it might be caused by the detection of differences between sequentially presented stimuli. In two different experiments, we systematically altered the type of background images presented while keeping the recognizable word constant. Analyses revealed that the same recognizable words elicited an RP with different amplitudes and latencies when viewed under different background conditions. Control stimuli, which were identical to background stimuli, did not elicit the RP. Hence, we postulate that when using the rapid stream stimulation paradigm, RP might also be influenced by the detection of differences between sequentially input stimuli. It is necessary to clarify whether RP changes are caused by the processing of the stimuli or by the detection of difference between successively input stimuli before any conclusion could be made.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25213991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Appearing and disappearing stimuli trigger a reflexive modulation of visual cortical activity 出现和消失的刺激触发视觉皮层活动的反射性调节

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010

Joseph B. Hopfinger , Jeffrey S. Maxwell

{"title":"Appearing and disappearing stimuli trigger a reflexive modulation of visual cortical activity","authors":"Joseph B. Hopfinger , Jeffrey S. Maxwell","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>From the vast array of stimuli continually inundating our senses, only a very small portion is selected for higher-order processing. This selection is influenced by voluntary and reflexive mechanisms that may act at multiple stages of analysis. Extensive research has revealed that top–down voluntary mechanisms modulate information processing at both “early” (e.g., perceptual) and “late” (e.g., semantic) stages. Bottom–up sensory-driven mechanisms, however, are less well understood. Previous investigations of bottom–up mechanisms may have been influenced by top–down mechanisms because the stimuli were task-relevant and required overt responses. Here, we directly measured bottom–up influences on visual information processing by recording event-related brain potentials (ERP) to sequences of task-irrelevant visual stimuli. We found that abrupt visual events triggered an automatic enhancement of extrastriate visual activity (the P1 ERP component) to subsequent visual stimuli occurring at the same location. In contrast to theories suggesting that the abrupt appearance of a new object is unique in being able to trigger bottom–up effects, we found that disappearing objects triggered the same enhancement of subsequent stimulus processing as did appearing objects. The present data, however, also provide new electrophysiological evidence for a level of analysis in the brain that may be specific to the appearance of new objects. These data thus provide evidence that abruptly appearing objects may evoke specialized processing at certain stages of analysis in the brain but that, despite this difference, appearing and disappearing objects both trigger reflexive mechanisms that bias neural activity in human extrastriate visual cortex.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25295391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Electrophysiological correlates of temporal generalization: Evidence for a two-process model of time perception 时间概化的电生理相关:时间知觉双过程模型的证据

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.009

Henning Gibbons, Thomas H. Rammsayer

{"title":"Electrophysiological correlates of temporal generalization: Evidence for a two-process model of time perception","authors":"Henning Gibbons, Thomas H. Rammsayer","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In an event-related potential (ERP) study, brain correlates of temporal processing in the range of milliseconds were investigated by means of a dissociation paradigm. For this purpose, ten male and ten female subjects performed temporal and pitch generalization tasks with uni- and bidimensional stimulus variation. With difficulty held constant for both tasks, a larger frontally distributed negative slow wave was observed for pitch generalization relative to temporal generalization. This ERP pattern was consistent across uni- and bidimensional tasks of the present study but in direct contrast to prior ERP studies on temporal processing. Furthermore, for both uni- and bidimensional temporal tasks, within-task ERP analyses yielded amplitude modulation of centro-parietal P3b and fronto-central P500 as brain correlates of actively processed stimulus duration. Findings were consistent with a two-process model of temporal information processing based on a real-time comparison of the presented stimulus duration against an internal representation of the standard duration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25152197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

On beyond mirror neurons: Internal representations subserving imitation and recognition of skilled object-related actions in humans 超越镜像神经元:内部表征服务于模仿和识别人类熟练的物体相关行为

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014

Laurel J. Buxbaum , Kathleen M. Kyle , Rukmini Menon

{"title":"On beyond mirror neurons: Internal representations subserving imitation and recognition of skilled object-related actions in humans","authors":"Laurel J. Buxbaum , Kathleen M. Kyle , Rukmini Menon","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A considerable recent literature argues that the same representations, encoded by inferior prefrontal and parietal cells<span> known as “mirror neurons”, may be activated in both production and recognition of object-related actions. Here, we test several predictions derived from the contemporary literature on the parity between production and recognition and the putative emergence of the mirror neuron system from a system coding hand–object interactions. Forty-four patients with left-hemisphere stroke, 21 of whom exhibited ideomotor apraxia<span>, performed a number of pantomime imitation and recognition tasks, and performance was scored with respect to hand posture, arm posture, amplitude, and timing. Consistent with predictions, there were strong relationships between object-related pantomime imitation and object-related pantomime recognition, and between imitation and recognition of the hand posture component of object-related actions. Skilled object-related gesture representations are likely to be closely tied to evolutionarily more primitive systems controlling object grasping, to emerge from a mapping between object and action information coded by ventral and dorsal streams, and to be lateralized to the left hemisphere in humans.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25171605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 278

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005

István Winkler , Rika Takegata , Elyse Sussman

{"title":"Event-related brain potentials reveal multiple stages in the perceptual organization of sound","authors":"István Winkler , Rika Takegata , Elyse Sussman","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Auditory stream segregation has been suggested to include two distinct processing stages: (1) forming representations for alternative organizations of the acoustic input and (2) choosing one organization for perception after weighing the evidence that supports the different alternatives. The current study tested the possibility that auditory event-related potentials (ERP) could be used to index both stages of the stream-segregation process. Sequences of tones that could be perceived either as a single coherent auditory stream (integrated organization) or as two separate streams of sounds (segregated organization) were presented to subjects. The stimulus configuration encouraged perception to fluctuate between these alternative organizations. Subjects were instructed to continuously indicate whether they perceived one or the other organization of the tone sequence. Occasionally, a tone was omitted from the otherwise regular sequence. This deviance was expected to be processed differently depending on the perceptual organization of the sequence at the time of the omission. We found an early ERP response to omission, which was fully determined by parameters of the stimulation and was not sensitive to the perceived sound organization. In contrast, modulation of two ERP components elicited by the regular tone patterns as well as later responses elicited by deviants correlated with the perceived sound organization. These results suggest that sound organization goes through at least two distinct stages, the first being fully stimulus driven, whereas the second is partly under top-down control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25179145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 80

Preattentive representation of feature conjunctions for concurrent spatially distributed auditory objects 并发空间分布听觉对象特征连词的预注意表征

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.006

Rika Takegata , Elvira Brattico , Mari Tervaniemi , Olga Varyagina , Risto Näätänen , István Winkler

{"title":"Preattentive representation of feature conjunctions for concurrent spatially distributed auditory objects","authors":"Rika Takegata , Elvira Brattico , Mari Tervaniemi , Olga Varyagina , Risto Näätänen , István Winkler","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The role of attention in conjoining features of an object has been a topic of much debate. Studies using the mismatch negativity (MMN), an index of detecting acoustic deviance, suggested that the conjunctions of auditory features are preattentively represented in the brain. These studies, however, used sequentially presented sounds and thus are not directly comparable with visual studies of feature integration. Therefore, the current study presented an array of spatially distributed sounds to determine whether the auditory features of concurrent sounds are correctly conjoined without focal attention directed to the sounds. Two types of sounds differing from each other in timbre and pitch were repeatedly presented together while subjects were engaged in a visual </span><em>n-</em>back working-memory task and ignored the sounds. Occasional reversals of the frequent pitch–timbre combinations elicited MMNs of a very similar amplitude and latency irrespective of the task load. This result suggested preattentive integration of auditory features. However, performance in a subsequent target-search task with the same stimuli indicated the occurrence of illusory conjunctions. The discrepancy between the results obtained with and without focal attention suggests that illusory conjunctions may occur during voluntary access to the preattentively encoded object representations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25135006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55