Cognitive Brain Research最新文献_第9页

Semantic divergence and creative story generation: An fMRI investigation 语义分化和创造性故事生成:功能性磁共振成像研究

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.013

Paul A. Howard-Jones , Sarah-Jayne Blakemore , Elspeth A. Samuel , Ian R. Summers , Guy Claxton

{"title":"Semantic divergence and creative story generation: An fMRI investigation","authors":"Paul A. Howard-Jones , Sarah-Jayne Blakemore , Elspeth A. Samuel , Ian R. Summers , Guy Claxton","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this fMRI investigation was to identify those areas of the brain associated with approaching a story generation task creatively and to investigate the effects upon these correlates of incorporating a set of words that were unrelated to each other—a strategy considered to encourage semantic divergence. Preliminary experiments were undertaken to investigate the possible confounding effects of the scanner environment upon creativity and to reveal the effects of creative effort and word relatedness upon the creativity of those who would be participating in the fMRI scan. In the final part of the investigation, a factorial fMRI design was used to elucidate brain regions involved in increased creative effort and also the effect upon activity in these regions when participants incorporated words that bore little semantic relationship with each other. Results support the notion that areas of the right prefrontal cortex<span> are critical to the types of divergent semantic processing involved with creativity in this context.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 240-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25167547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 243

Morphological processing in early bilinguals: An ERP study of regular and irregular verb processing 早期双语者的形态加工:规则和不规则动词加工的ERP研究

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.003

R. De Diego Balaguer , N. Sebastián-Gallés , B. Díaz , A. Rodríguez-Fornells

{"title":"Morphological processing in early bilinguals: An ERP study of regular and irregular verb processing","authors":"R. De Diego Balaguer , N. Sebastián-Gallés , B. Díaz , A. Rodríguez-Fornells","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the age of acquisition of a language has an effect when learning a second language, the similarity between languages may also have a crucial role. The aim of the present study is to understand the influence of this latter factor in the acquisition of morphosyntactic information. With this purpose, two groups of highly proficient early Catalan–Spanish bilinguals were presented with a repetition-priming paradigm with regular and irregular verbs of Spanish. Catalan and Spanish have a similar suffix (<em>-o</em>) for regular verbs and completely different alternations for irregular verbs. Two types of irregular verbs were studied (semi-regular verbs with a systematic diphthong alternation, <em>sentir–siento</em>, and verbs with idiosyncratic changes, <em>venir–vengo</em><span>). Regular verbs showed the same centro-parietal N400 priming effect in the second-language speakers (L2) as in primary-language (L1) speakers. However, differences between groups, in the ERP pattern and the topography of the N400 effect, were observed for irregular morphology. In L1 speakers, the N400 effect was attenuated only for semi-regular verbs. In contrast, L2 speakers showed a reduced N400 priming effect in both irregular contrasts. This pattern of results suggests that the similarity between languages may help for similar structures but may interfere for dissimilar structures, at least when the two languages have very similar morphological systems.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 312-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25193066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48

Interstimulus contingency facilitates saccadic responses in a bimodal go/no-go task 刺激间偶然性促进了双峰去/不去任务中的跳变反应

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006

Holle Kirchner , Hans Colonius

{"title":"Interstimulus contingency facilitates saccadic responses in a bimodal go/no-go task","authors":"Holle Kirchner , Hans Colonius","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The saccadic response to a suddenly appearing visual target stimulus is faster when an accessory auditory stimulus is presented in its spatiotemporal proximity. This multisensory facilitation of reaction time is usually considered a mandatory bottom–up process. Here, we report that it can be modulated by the predictability of the target location provided by an accessory stimulus, thereby indicating a form of top–down processing. Subjects were asked to make a saccade in the direction of a visual target randomly appearing left or right from fixation. An accessory auditory stimulus was presented either at the same location or opposite to the target, with the probability varying over blocks of presentation. Thus, the auditory stimulus contained probabilistic information about the target location (interstimulus contingency). A certain percentage of the trials were catch trials in which the auditory accompanying stimulus (Experiment 1) or the visual target (Experiment 2) was presented alone and the subjects were asked to withhold their response. In particular with visual catch trials, varying the predictability of target location resulted in reaction time facilitation in the bimodal trials, with both high (80%) and low predictability (20%), but only when both stimuli were presented within a small time window (40 ms). As subjects could not possibly follow the task instructions in this short period explicitly, we conclude that they utilized the interstimulus contingency information implicitly, thus revealing an extremely fast involuntary top–down control on saccadic eye movements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 261-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25208311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Appearing and disappearing stimuli trigger a reflexive modulation of visual cortical activity 出现和消失的刺激触发视觉皮层活动的反射性调节

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010

Joseph B. Hopfinger , Jeffrey S. Maxwell

{"title":"Appearing and disappearing stimuli trigger a reflexive modulation of visual cortical activity","authors":"Joseph B. Hopfinger , Jeffrey S. Maxwell","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>From the vast array of stimuli continually inundating our senses, only a very small portion is selected for higher-order processing. This selection is influenced by voluntary and reflexive mechanisms that may act at multiple stages of analysis. Extensive research has revealed that top–down voluntary mechanisms modulate information processing at both “early” (e.g., perceptual) and “late” (e.g., semantic) stages. Bottom–up sensory-driven mechanisms, however, are less well understood. Previous investigations of bottom–up mechanisms may have been influenced by top–down mechanisms because the stimuli were task-relevant and required overt responses. Here, we directly measured bottom–up influences on visual information processing by recording event-related brain potentials (ERP) to sequences of task-irrelevant visual stimuli. We found that abrupt visual events triggered an automatic enhancement of extrastriate visual activity (the P1 ERP component) to subsequent visual stimuli occurring at the same location. In contrast to theories suggesting that the abrupt appearance of a new object is unique in being able to trigger bottom–up effects, we found that disappearing objects triggered the same enhancement of subsequent stimulus processing as did appearing objects. The present data, however, also provide new electrophysiological evidence for a level of analysis in the brain that may be specific to the appearance of new objects. These data thus provide evidence that abruptly appearing objects may evoke specialized processing at certain stages of analysis in the brain but that, despite this difference, appearing and disappearing objects both trigger reflexive mechanisms that bias neural activity in human extrastriate visual cortex.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25295391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

The recognition potential: Semantic processing or the detection of differences between stimuli? 识别潜能:语义处理还是对刺激之间差异的检测?

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001

Jie Pu , Danling Peng , Heath A. Demaree , Yan Song , Jinghan Wei , Lun Xu

{"title":"The recognition potential: Semantic processing or the detection of differences between stimuli?","authors":"Jie Pu , Danling Peng , Heath A. Demaree , Yan Song , Jinghan Wei , Lun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recognition potential is traditionally described as an electrical index elicited when subjects view a recognizable stimulus. Recent studies further show that it may be influenced by semantic processing. In this study, we investigated whether this observed influence is really produced by differences in semantic processing or whether it might be caused by the detection of differences between sequentially presented stimuli. In two different experiments, we systematically altered the type of background images presented while keeping the recognizable word constant. Analyses revealed that the same recognizable words elicited an RP with different amplitudes and latencies when viewed under different background conditions. Control stimuli, which were identical to background stimuli, did not elicit the RP. Hence, we postulate that when using the rapid stream stimulation paradigm, RP might also be influenced by the detection of differences between sequentially input stimuli. It is necessary to clarify whether RP changes are caused by the processing of the stimuli or by the detection of difference between successively input stimuli before any conclusion could be made.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 273-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25213991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Experimental hand pain delays recognition of the contralateral hand—Evidence that acute and chronic pain have opposite effects on information processing? 实验性手痛延迟对侧手的识别-证据表明急性和慢性疼痛对信息加工有相反的影响?

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008

G.L. Moseley , D.F. Sim , M.L. Henry , T. Souvlis

{"title":"Experimental hand pain delays recognition of the contralateral hand—Evidence that acute and chronic pain have opposite effects on information processing?","authors":"G.L. Moseley , D.F. Sim , M.L. Henry , T. Souvlis","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recognising the laterality of a pictured hand involves making an initial decision and confirming that choice by mentally moving one's own hand to match the picture. This depends on an intact body schema. Because patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) take longer to recognise a hand's laterality when it corresponds to their affected hand, it has been proposed that nociceptive input disrupts the body schema. However, chronic pain is associated with physiological and psychosocial complexities that may also explain the results. In three studies, we investigated whether the effect is simply due to nociceptive input. Study one evaluated the temporal and perceptual characteristics of acute hand pain elicited by intramuscular injection of hypertonic saline into the thenar eminence. In studies two and three, subjects performed a hand laterality recognition task before, during, and after acute experimental hand pain, and experimental elbow pain, respectively. During hand pain and during elbow pain, when the laterality of the pictured hand corresponded to the painful side, there was no effect on response time (RT). That suggests that nociceptive input alone is not sufficient to disrupt the working body schema. Conversely to patients with CRPS1, when the laterality of the pictured hand corresponded to the non-painful hand, RT increased ∼380 ms (95% confidence interval 190 ms–590 ms). The results highlight the differences between acute and chronic pain and may reflect a bias in information processing in acute pain toward the affected part.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 188-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25142230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 68

On beyond mirror neurons: Internal representations subserving imitation and recognition of skilled object-related actions in humans 超越镜像神经元:内部表征服务于模仿和识别人类熟练的物体相关行为

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014

Laurel J. Buxbaum , Kathleen M. Kyle , Rukmini Menon

{"title":"On beyond mirror neurons: Internal representations subserving imitation and recognition of skilled object-related actions in humans","authors":"Laurel J. Buxbaum , Kathleen M. Kyle , Rukmini Menon","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A considerable recent literature argues that the same representations, encoded by inferior prefrontal and parietal cells<span> known as “mirror neurons”, may be activated in both production and recognition of object-related actions. Here, we test several predictions derived from the contemporary literature on the parity between production and recognition and the putative emergence of the mirror neuron system from a system coding hand–object interactions. Forty-four patients with left-hemisphere stroke, 21 of whom exhibited ideomotor apraxia<span>, performed a number of pantomime imitation and recognition tasks, and performance was scored with respect to hand posture, arm posture, amplitude, and timing. Consistent with predictions, there were strong relationships between object-related pantomime imitation and object-related pantomime recognition, and between imitation and recognition of the hand posture component of object-related actions. Skilled object-related gesture representations are likely to be closely tied to evolutionarily more primitive systems controlling object grasping, to emerge from a mapping between object and action information coded by ventral and dorsal streams, and to be lateralized to the left hemisphere in humans.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 226-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25171605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 278

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increases tolerance to human experimental pain 反复经颅磁刺激背外侧前额叶皮层增加对人类实验性疼痛的耐受性

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002

Ariel Graff-Guerrero , Jorge González-Olvera , Ana Fresán , Diana Gómez-Martín , Juan Carlos Méndez-Núñez , Francisco Pellicer

{"title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increases tolerance to human experimental pain","authors":"Ariel Graff-Guerrero , Jorge González-Olvera , Ana Fresán , Diana Gómez-Martín , Juan Carlos Méndez-Núñez , Francisco Pellicer","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFCx) has been implicated in pain perception and in a pain modulation pathway. However, the precise participation of this region is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether 1 Hz rTMS of DLPFCx modifies threshold and tolerance in experimental pain.</p><p>The effect of 1 Hz rTMS during 15 min at 100% motor threshold was tested in one hundred and eighty right-handed healthy volunteers, using a parallel-group stimulation design. The stimulation sites were right or left DLPFCx, right or left motor cortex, vertex or sham. rTMS was applied in two experimental contexts: (1) To evaluate its transitory effect (interference or facilitation) during cold pressor threshold (CPTh) and tolerance (CPTt) and (2) to evaluate its long-term effect by stimulating before CPTh, CPTt, pain heat thermal threshold, pain pressure threshold and tolerance.</p><p>During rTMS of right DLPFCx, an increase in left hand CPTt (mean ± SD; 17.63 s ± 5.58 to 30.94 s ± 14.84, <em>P</em> < 0.001) and in right hand CPTt (18.65 s ± 6.47 to 26.74 s ± 11.85, <em>P</em> < 0.001) were shown. No other stimulation site modified any of the pain measures during or after rTMS.</p><p>These results show that 1 Hz rTMS of right DLPFCx has a selective effect by increasing pain tolerance and also sustains a right hemisphere preference in pain processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 153-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40947582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 135

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005

István Winkler , Rika Takegata , Elyse Sussman

{"title":"Event-related brain potentials reveal multiple stages in the perceptual organization of sound","authors":"István Winkler , Rika Takegata , Elyse Sussman","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Auditory stream segregation has been suggested to include two distinct processing stages: (1) forming representations for alternative organizations of the acoustic input and (2) choosing one organization for perception after weighing the evidence that supports the different alternatives. The current study tested the possibility that auditory event-related potentials (ERP) could be used to index both stages of the stream-segregation process. Sequences of tones that could be perceived either as a single coherent auditory stream (integrated organization) or as two separate streams of sounds (segregated organization) were presented to subjects. The stimulus configuration encouraged perception to fluctuate between these alternative organizations. Subjects were instructed to continuously indicate whether they perceived one or the other organization of the tone sequence. Occasionally, a tone was omitted from the otherwise regular sequence. This deviance was expected to be processed differently depending on the perceptual organization of the sequence at the time of the omission. We found an early ERP response to omission, which was fully determined by parameters of the stimulation and was not sensitive to the perceived sound organization. In contrast, modulation of two ERP components elicited by the regular tone patterns as well as later responses elicited by deviants correlated with the perceived sound organization. These results suggest that sound organization goes through at least two distinct stages, the first being fully stimulus driven, whereas the second is partly under top-down control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 291-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.06.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25179145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 80

Synesthesia: When colors count 联觉:当颜色起作用时

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 Epub Date: 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.05.005

Daria Knoch , Lorena R.R. Gianotti , Christine Mohr , Peter Brugger

引用次数: 53