Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence rates of overweight and obesity and their associations with cardiometabolic and renal factors. SIMETAP-OB study","authors":"Antonio Ruiz-García ,&nbsp;Ezequiel Arranz-Martínez ,&nbsp;Luis Enrique Morales-Cobos ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos García-Álvarez ,&nbsp;Nerea Iturmendi-Martínez ,&nbsp;Montserrat Rivera-Teijido ,&nbsp;on behalf of the Grupo de Investigación del Estudio SIMETAP","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Excess weight is a major health problem. Aims of this study were to determine the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity, and to compare their associations with cardiometabolic and renal risk factors between obese and non-obese populations, and between overweight and non-overweight populations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional observational study conducted in Primary Care<span>. Population-based random sample: 6588 study subjects between 18 and 102 years of age (response rate: 66%). Crude and sex- and age-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were calculated, and their associations with cardiometabolic and renal variables were assessed by bivariate and multivariate analysis.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 36.0% (42.1% in men; 33.1% in women) and 25.0% (26.2% in men; 24.5% in women), respectively. These prevalences increased with age, and were higher in men than in women. Fifty-two percent (95%CI: 50.0–53.9) of the overweight population and 62.3% (95%CI: 60.1–64.5) of the obese population had a high or very high cardiovascular risk. Abdominal obesity, </span>physical inactivity, </span>prediabetes<span>, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia<span>, and low HDL-C were independently associated with both entities. Furthermore, diabetes was independently associated with overweight and hypercholesterolemia with obesity.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 61.0% (68.4% in men and 59.0% in women). More than half of the overweight population and nearly two-thirds of the obese population had a high cardiovascular risk. Hyperglycemia, physical inactivity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-C, and hypertriglyceridemia were independently associated with overweight and obesity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 291-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134667945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on new forms of tobacco use","authors":"Jorge Francisco Gómez Cerezo ,&nbsp;José Enrique López Paz ,&nbsp;Jacinto Fernández Pardo","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Smoking remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Because of its clear influence on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, it is an important factor in internal medicine consultations. Although the rate of smoking cessation has been increasing in recent years, there is a percentage of patients who continue to smoke because they are unable or unwilling to quit, despite having tried existing pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. For this group of patients there are strategies based on interventions aimed at reducing the negative effects of smoking without the need for complete cessation. In this review it is shown that due to the absence of combustion of organic matter in conventional cigarettes, snus, e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products generate significantly lower levels of toxic substances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 330-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2529912322000705/pdfft?md5=b50e0ab6d9a3aa14e9d3c74494a5d69c&pid=1-s2.0-S2529912322000705-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134667896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslipidemia treatment strategies in primary and secondary prevention. Dyslipemia Registry of the Spanish Arteriosclerosis Society","authors":"Victoria Marco-Benedí ,&nbsp;Ana M. Bea ,&nbsp;Rosa M. Sánchez Hernández ,&nbsp;Núria Plana ,&nbsp;Pedro Valdivielso ,&nbsp;Fernando Civeira","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Clinical studies show that patients at elevated cardiovascular risk are still far from reaching therapeutic targets, especially for LDL-C levels. It is not known whether these patients are managed differently in specialised units than in other settings.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p><span><span>Sixty-one certified lipid units certified in the Dyslipidaemia Registry of the Spanish SVociety of </span>Arteriosclerosis<span> were selected for collection of the study data. We included 3958 subjects &gt;18 years of age who met the criteria of hypercholesterolaemia (LDL cholesterol ≥160</span></span> <!-->mg/dl or non-HDL cholesterol ≥190<!--> <span>mg/dl) without familial hypercholesterolaemia. A total of 1665 subjects were studied with a mean follow-up of 4.2 years.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><p>A total of 42 subjects had a cardiovascular event since they were included in the Registry, which is .6%. There were no differences in the treatment used at the start of follow-up between subjects with and without a prospective event. LDL-C improved during follow-up but 50% of the patients had not achieved the therapeutic targets at the final follow-up visit. Increased used of high- potency lipid-lowering therapy, including PCSK9 inhibitors, was observed in 16.7% of the subjects with recurrence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 303-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134667946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the administration of different forms of vitamin D on central blood pressure and aortic stiffness, and its implication in the reduction of albuminuria in chronic kidney disease","authors":"Almudena Martin-Romero ,&nbsp;Jary Perelló-Martínez ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Hidalgo-Santiago ,&nbsp;Alfredo Michan-Doña ,&nbsp;Juan Bosco López Sáez ,&nbsp;Pablo Gómez-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p><span>Vitamin D<span> (vitD) participates in phospho-calcium metabolism and exerts multiple pleiotropic effects<span>. There is tissue 1-α (OH)ase that converts 25-OH cholecalciferol (25 (OH) D) in </span></span></span>calcitriol<span><span> that exerts autocrine and paracrine effects. 25 (OH)D deficiency could limit these tissue effects of vitD. The administration of nutritional vitD and the activator of the vitD receptor<span>, paricalcitol, may promote beneficial effects on vascular and renal function. The objective of this work was to study in subjects with </span></span>chronic kidney disease<span> (CKD) the effect that the administration of different forms of vitD has on arterial function and albuminuria, and the possible relationship between the modifications of these variables.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p><span>We studied in 97 patients with CKD stages 3–4 the effect of the administration of cholecalciferol (group 2; n: 35) and paricalcitol (n: 31; group 3) on parameters derived from brachial blood pressure, aortic blood pressure<span> and on aortic stiffness studied using carotid-femoral pulse velocity (Vp</span></span>_c-f), and on albuminuria. A group of patients with stages 3–4 CKD who did not receive vitD therapy served as a control group (n: 31; group 1). All parameters were studied at baseline and after the follow-up period which was 7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2 months.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>In the baseline phase, no differences were observed between the groups in brachial systolic blood pressure (bSBP), central systolic blood pressure (SBP), brachial pulse pressure (bPP), and central pulse pressure (pCP) or in aortic stiffness that was increased in all groups with a baseline Vp</span>_c-f value of 10.5 (9.2–12.1) m/sec. The baseline albuminuria value in the grouped patients was 229 (43–876) mg/g (median (interquartile range)), with no differences between the groups.</p><p>Serum calcium and phosphorus increased significantly in those treated with cholecal-ciferol (native vitD) and paricalcitol (active vitD). Parathormone (PTH) values ​​decreased in those treated with paricalcitol. bPP and cPP decreased in all groups treated with native and active vitD. No significant changes in bPP and cPP were observed in the control group.</p><p>Vp<strong>_c-f</strong> did not change significantly in any of the groups, although the variation was quantitatively greater in group 3 (11.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2 vs. 10.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.6 (p:0.06)). No differences were observed in the changes in Vp<strong>_c-f</strong><span><span> between the groups when adjusted to the baseline values ​​of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, PTH, vitD, brachial and central blood pressure parameters, and their changes with </span>treatment.</span></p><p>Those who received treatment with native and active vitD pr","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 311-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134667947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familial chylomicronemia syndrome: The first case reported in Ecuador","authors":"Karla Johana Garay García, Ricardo Javier Chong Menendez, Juan Patricio Nogueira, Jefferson Santiago Piedra Andrade","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85521271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why are brown bears protected against atherosclerosis even though their plasma cholesterol levels are twice that of humans?","authors":"Eva Hurt-Camejo ,&nbsp;Matteo Pedrelli","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels are twice as high in hibernating brown bears <em>(Ursus arctos)</em> than in healthy humans. Yet, bears display no sign of atherosclerosis development. To explore this apparent paradox, we analyzed lipoproteins from same ten individual bears plasma collected during winter (hibernation; February) and summer (active; June) in the same year. Plasma from fourteen healthy humans were analyzed as comparator. We used standard methods for lipoprotein isolation, composition and functional investigation. The results shows that in brown bears the absence of atherosclerosis despite elevated cholesterol is likely associated with two main athero-protective properties of circulating lipoproteins. First, a significant ten times lower affinity of low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) particles for arterial proteoglycans and secondly, an elevated plasma cholesterol efflux capacity. What does the brown bear data tell us? That elevated total cholesterol and apoB-containing lipoproteins not always associates with atherosclerosis disease. We need to look also at the lipoprotein biochemical features and functionality as they are relevant for arterial pathophysiology. What is the translatability into human of these results? We humans need to control our total and LDL-cholesterol levels. We are not brown bears!</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 6","pages":"Pages 322-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2529912322000717/pdfft?md5=3cc191f1ec74d1261bdc20b7aefcf515&pid=1-s2.0-S2529912322000717-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134667895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslipidemia observatory: Treatment of hypercholesterolemia in Spain, context and levers for improvement in clinical practice","authors":"Juan Cosín-Sales ,&nbsp;Raquel Campuzano Ruiz ,&nbsp;José Luis Díaz Díaz ,&nbsp;Carlos Escobar Cervantes ,&nbsp;María Rosa Fernández Olmo ,&nbsp;Juan José Gómez-Doblas ,&nbsp;José María Mostaza ,&nbsp;Juan Pedro-Botet ,&nbsp;Núria Plana Gil ,&nbsp;Pedro Valdivielso","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><p><span>The treatment of </span>dyslipidemia exhibits wide variability in clinical practice and important limitations that make lipid-lowering goals more difficult to attain. Getting to know the management of these patients in clinical practice is key to understand the existing barriers and to define actions that contribute to achieving the therapeutic goals from the most recent Clinical Practice Guidelines.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Observatory where the information gathered is based on routine clinical practice and the experience from the healthcare professionals involved in the treatment of dyslipidemia in Spain. The information is collected by health area through: (i) face-to-face meeting with three different medical specialties and (ii) quantitative information related to hypercholesterolemia patients’ management (ad-hoc questionnaire). Information includes patients’ profiles, assistance burden, guidelines and protocols used, goal attainment, limitations and opportunities in clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>145 health areas are planned to be included, with the participation of up to 435 healthcare professionals from the 17 Autonomous Regions of Spain. Information collection will result in aggregated data from over four thousand patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This Observatory aims to understand how hypercholesterolemia is being treated in routine clinical practice in Spain. Even though the preliminary results show important improvement areas in the treatment of dyslipidemias, mechanisms to drive a change towards health outcomes optimization are also identified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 253-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91721202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it necessary to perform cardiovascular screening in migrant patients?","authors":"Ricardo Roa-Chamorro ,&nbsp;Pablo González-Bustos ,&nbsp;Lucía Torres-Quintero","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Migrant patients arriving in Spain often come from countries where there is no universal access to healthcare. Although the prevalence of arterial hypertension (HTN) is lower in West Africa than in Spain, there is a higher prevalence of masked HT due to the absence of health screening. Furthermore, patients with secondary hypertension may not be diagnosed. We present the case of a 36-year-old Senegalese man, with no known pathological history, resident for a year in Spain, who debuted with a hypertensive emergency. At the time of diagnosis, the patient had severe end-organ damage (hypertensive heart disease, hypertensive retinopathy). After the study, he was diagnosed with arterial hypertension secondary to malformation of the </span>renal artery. After performing </span>angioplasty<span>, blood pressure normalized and, at 18 months, target organ damage had reduced. Migrants who arrive in our country must be incorporated into health screening systems to diagnose and treat possible unknown pathologies. In our case, the clue to secondary hypertension was the development of resistant hypertension with target organ damage in a young subject.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 285-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91721917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherogenic indices: usefulness as predictors of cardiovascular disease","authors":"Juan José Tamarit García","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artere.2022.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 269-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2529912322000651/pdfft?md5=7bfe3a730815f58079e1cf5d3fb770d8&pid=1-s2.0-S2529912322000651-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91721918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LDL as a therapeutic target","authors":"Ángel Díaz Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Teresa Mantilla Morató","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovsacular disease (ASCVC) has increased in the developed countries. Dyslipidemia<span><span> is a primary major risk factor for ASCVD and LDL lowering is one of the main objectives. Although treatment goals for dyslipidemias should be personalized in every patient, statins are cost-effective in primary and secondary prevention of ASCVD. New treatments with higher power and greater decreases in LDL, PSCK9 inhibitors, have made a new breakthrough in ASCVD treatment. The 2019 Guidelines for de Management of Dyslipidaemias: Lipid Modification to reduce Cardiovascular Risk (European Society of Cardiology/European </span>Atherosclerosis Society) with the level of evidence and the strength of the recommendations can facilitate the best decisions and benefits to our patients in clinical practice.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"34 5","pages":"Pages 271-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83429948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}