Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)最新文献

{"title":"Oxidative stress and inflammation link Life's Essential 8 with adverse cardiovascular events in adults with diabetes mellitus: NHANES 2011–2018","authors":"Ronghao Li,&nbsp;Mengfan Li,&nbsp;Xinyi Wang,&nbsp;Zhongyun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The American Heart Association has modified Life's Essential 8 (LE8) as a new algorithm for evaluating cardiovascular health (CVH). However, the relationship between LE8 and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence among diabetic patients, and the potential effect of oxidative stress and inflammation within these associations remain to be elucidated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three thousand eight hundred twenty-eight diabetic patients were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The weighted logistic regression was employed to examine the association between LE8 with CVD, and the quantitative relationship was investigated with a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Mediation analyses explored the mediating role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the above relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the 3828 diabetic patients, a total of 977 people were diagnosed with CVD, and the LE8 was significantly and linearly negatively associated with CVD incidence. After all covariates were adjusted, the medium CVH group had a 25% lower risk of CVD (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.95) than the low CVH group, and the high CVH group had a 66% lower risk (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.94). Furthermore, oxidative stress and inflammation explained 11.57% and 10.89% of the connection, respectively (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated LE8 is negatively associated with adverse cardiovascular events in diabetes mellitus and the association appeared to be partially mediated through oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. Those results indicate the necessity of maintaining at least moderate cardiovascular health and the LE8 help make lifestyle self-management more targeted for diabetes patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 500844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148530391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis and the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine on the Mediterranean Diet and Health: A comprehensive approach beyond nutrients","authors":"Javier Delgado-Lista,&nbsp;Juana Carretero Gómez,&nbsp;Francisco Gómez Delgado,&nbsp;Vicente Pascual,&nbsp;José Luis Díaz,&nbsp;Carlos Guijarro,&nbsp;Juan Pedro-Botet,&nbsp;Antonio Pérez,&nbsp;Ana María Piera Carbonell,&nbsp;Cristina Soler Ferrer,&nbsp;Mercedes Sotos Prieto,&nbsp;Manuel Suarez Tembra,&nbsp;Estefanía Toledo Atucha,&nbsp;Pablo Pérez-Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mediterranean Diet has proven to be one of the most effective dietary patterns for preventing cardiovascular disease and other cardiometabolic outcomes, however, scientific research has historically tended to focus on the composition of foods and their nutrients, neglecting other essential components of this dietary pattern. These non-nutritional factors, including commensality and conviviality, food seasonality and sustainability, culinary practices, and the temporal synchronization of food intake, are integral to the conceptual framework of Mediterranean Diet and were a key criterion for its recognition as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Despite their relevance, their systematic treatment in the scientific literature has been limited.</div><div>This consensus statement reviews and synthesizes recent evidence on these non-nutritional factors, identifying the mechanisms by which they influence adherence to the pattern and biological determinants relevant to vascular health, such as metabolic regulation, low-grade inflammation, and circadian function. Furthermore, highlighting these elements contributes to the implementation and adaptation of MediterraneanDiet in other sociocultural contexts, promoting the adoption of a comprehensive pattern that preserves its conceptual foundations beyond the mere replication of foods, and allows these individuals to access the additional benefits conferred by these non-nutritional factors.</div><div>This holistic approach proposes that the Mediterranean Diet, conceived as a lifestyle pattern, can be coherently adapted to different cultural and geographical realities, thus optimizing its transfer to clinical practice and to strategies for the prevention of arteriosclerosis and its risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 500910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148530419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherogenic risk in normal-weight workers: Associations with sociodemographic and healthy lifestyle factors using lipid-based indexes","authors":"Claudia Isabella Tirado Cabrera,&nbsp;Daniel Guzmán Capote,&nbsp;Pedro Juan Tárraga López,&nbsp;Ángel Arturo López-González","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Atherogenic dyslipidemia is a significant but often underrecognized cardiovascular risk factor in individuals with normal weight. Traditional metrics such as body mass index (BMI) may fail to identify metabolically unhealthy phenotypes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of atherogenic risk using lipid-based indices in a large cohort of normal-weight Spanish workers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 166,008 normal-weight workers (BMI 18.5–24.9<!--> <!-->kg/m²). Four atherogenic risk indices were calculated: TC/HDL-c, LDL/HDL-c, TG/HDL-c, and a composite Dyslipidemia Atherogenic Index (DA). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations with age, sex, educational level, occupational category (CNAE-11), physical activity (IPAQ), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MEDAS), smoking, and alcohol consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Male sex, older age, low physical activity, and poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet were independently associated with elevated values in all four atherogenic indices. The strongest associations were observed for DA with sedentary lifestyle (OR: 9.15; 95% CI: 8.08–10.23) and poor diet quality (OR: 5.23; 95% CI: 4.39–6.07). Notably, 17–22% of normal-weight workers showed abnormal lipid ratios suggestive of increased cardiometabolic risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Normal BMI does not guarantee cardiometabolic health. A considerable proportion of normal-weight individuals exhibit lipid profiles consistent with atherogenic dyslipidemia, largely driven by modifiable lifestyle factors. Lipid-based indices are valuable tools for early risk identification in occupational settings and should complement traditional anthropometric screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 500871"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148530422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bempedoic acid attenuates vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in a preclinical model of abdominal aortic aneurysm","authors":"Lídia Puertas-Umbert,&nbsp;Judith Alonso,&nbsp;Laia Blanco-Casoliva,&nbsp;Roger Bentanachs,&nbsp;Lluis Asmarats,&nbsp;Gemma Arderiu,&nbsp;José Martínez-González,&nbsp;Cristina Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular remodeling play a key role in the pathophysiology of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a severe vascular disease. Previously, we had demonstrated an increase in the phosphorylated form of ATP citrate lyase (p-ACLY) in AAA and that bempedoic acid (BemA), a specific inhibitor of this enzyme, attenuates aneurysm formation in an experimental model. In this study, we further investigated the mechanisms mediating the beneficial effect of BemA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>AAA was induced by angiotensin II (AngII) infusion in ApoE^−/− mice, and aneurysm formation was assessed by ultrasonography. Histological analyses (hematoxylin-eosin, orcein staining) and immunohistochemistry were performed. T cell subpopulations in the spleen were characterized by flow cytometry, and superoxide anion production in the vascular wall was evaluated by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. The expression of enzymes involved in the control of oxidative stress was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Endpoint ultrasonography analyses in AngII-infused ApoE^−/− mice confirmed that BemA limits aneurysm formation. Indeed, BemA administration in AngII-infused mice significantly increased both the percentage of animals that did not develop aneurysms and those free of aortic rupture, without altering the pressor effect of AngII. Histologically, BemA preserved the integrity of the aortic wall and reduced the proportion of animals presenting intramural thrombi, with a decrease in hematoma area. Immunohistochemical analyses showed increased levels of p-ACLY in the inflammatory infiltrate of human and murine aneurysmal lesions, as well as BemA's capacity to attenuate the AngII-induced increase in CD3+ T lymphocyte content in the vascular wall. Additionally, analysis of splenic CD8+ T cell subpopulations revealed no significant changes in either AngII-infused animals or those treated with BemA. Finally, ACLY activity inhibition decreased reactive oxygen species production without modifying the expression of key isoforms of the NADPH oxidase (Nox2, Nox4) or superoxide dismutase (Sod1, Sod2) families.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Taken together, these findings position ACLY as a relevant therapeutic target in AAA and BemA as a drug with potential protective effects against the development and progression of this vascular disease</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 500856"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148530417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronegative LDL strongly induces LRP1 release from human monocytes and macrophages","authors":"Núria Puig,&nbsp;Eduardo Garcia,&nbsp;Montserrat Moncunill,&nbsp;Aleyda Benítez-Amaro,&nbsp;Olga Bautista,&nbsp;Silvia Rodas,&nbsp;Pol Camps-Renom,&nbsp;Jose Luis Sanchez Quesada,&nbsp;Vicenta Llorente-Cortés,&nbsp;Sonia Benitez","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Electronegative LDL (LDL(−)) is a circulant modified LDL with inflammatory properties whose proportion raises in ischemic events. The soluble form of LDL receptor related protein 1 (sLRP1) increases in blood in pathological situations, including ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate the effect of LDL(−) on sLRP1 release from monocytes and macrophages.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>LDL(−) and native LDL were isolated from total LDL by anion-exchange chromatography. Both fractions were incubated with THP1 monocytes (overexpressing or not CD14) and derived macrophages. Additional conditions were assayed in macrophages: (1) incubation with aggregated LDLs; (2) LDL fractions in the presence/absence of marimastat, a metalloproteinase inhibitor; and (3) presence/absence of HDL from healthy controls and ischemic stroke patients. After incubation, supernatants and cells were collected for sLRP1 determination by ELISA, and for <em>LRP1</em> expression by real-time PCR, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LDLs promoted sLRP1 release in monocytes and derived macrophages, regardless of CD14 overexpression. The effect was greater for LDL(−), inducing 6-fold and 3-fold higher sLRP1 release in monocytes and macrophages than native LDL. In macrophages, aggregated LDLs induced greater sLRP1 release than their non-aggregated counterparts. The LDL(−)-induced sLRP1 was not induced by promoting <em>LRP1</em> expression or cytotoxicity. Otherwise, inhibition of metalloprotease activity and addition of HDL reduced sLRP1 release. However, HDL from ischemic stroke patients showed an impaired ability to decrease sLRP1 secretion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LDL(−) potently induces sLRP1 in monocytes and macrophages. This action is not mediated by increased <em>LRP1</em> expression, but may be related to the shedding of the membrane form in macrophages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 500845"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148530420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediterranean diet is much more than food: how, who with, and when you eat influence your health as much as what and how much you eat","authors":"Emilio Ros","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500938","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 500938"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148530418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomere length is associated with arterial damage in the CORDIOPREV study","authors":"Ana Ojeda-Rodriguez,&nbsp;Maria Jose Parraga-Viudez,&nbsp;Alejandro López-Moreno,&nbsp;Alejandro Serrán-Jiménez,&nbsp;Alberto Díaz-Cáceres,&nbsp;Javier Arenas-Montes,&nbsp;José D. Torres-Peña,&nbsp;Justo P. Castaño,&nbsp;Javier Delgado-Lista,&nbsp;José López-Miranda","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Telomere length (TL) has emerged as a recognized biomarker of biological aging and cardiovascular risk. Several studies have associated short TL with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and adverse outcomes. However, its value as a predictor of arterial injury remains unclear, especially in secondary prevention. This study examined the baseline association between TL and common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT-CC) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Of the 1002 CHD patients enrolled in the CORDIOPREV study, 903 completed baseline assessments of IMT-CC and TL. IMT-CC was measured bilaterally using high-resolution B-mode Doppler ultrasonography and categorized, according to the European Society of Cardiology guidelines, into three groups reflecting arterial injury: &lt;0.7<!--> <!-->mm, 0.7–0.9<!--> <!-->mm, and ≥0.9<!--> <!-->mm. TL was determined using the quantitative PCR method. Patients were classified as at risk of short TL if their value was below the 20th percentile, and as non-risk if above this threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with the highest IMT-CC values (≥0.9<!--> <!-->mm) had significantly shorter TL compared to those in the lowest group (&lt;0.7<!--> <!-->mm, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005), with a progressive decrease across IMT-CC categories (<em>p</em> for trend<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.02). The proportion of participants at risk of short telomeres increased significantly from 15% to 30% across these categories (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). In addition, the highest IMT-CC group showed a twofold greater risk of short telomeres compared to the reference group (&lt;0.7<!--> <!-->mm; OR 2.373, 95%CI 1.4962–3.764), while no significant association was observed for the intermediate IMT-CC group (0.7–0.9<!--> <!-->mm; OR 1.352, 95%CI 0.896–2.039).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In CHD patients, shorter TL is associated to advanced subclinical arterial damage, supporting its potential role as a complementary biomarker for vascular aging and improved risk stratification in secondary prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 500878"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148530421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular age calculation from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP cardiovascular risk tables","authors":"Jose I. Cuende ,&nbsp;Carlos Guijarro","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP cardiovascular risk tables were published in 2021 and incorporated into European cardiovascular prevention guidelines, replacing the previous SCORE tables. Since the 2012 version of these guidelines, the concept of vascular age has been included. Although there are vascular age tables derived from SCORE, there are no vascular age tables derived from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP. The aim of this study is to construct new vascular age tables derived from SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Based on the data from the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP risk tables, 8 regressions between age and risk are calculated in baseline conditions for the 8 combinations of sex and cardiovascular risk zones. Another 248 regressions corresponding to the different non-baseline situations are calculated. By equating the risk in each box of the risk tables with the same risk in baseline conditions, the vascular age in each box of the risk tables can be obtained. Regression, determination and intraclass correlation coefficients are calculated to asses adjustment and agreement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four vascular age tables have been obtained corresponding to countries with low, moderate, high and very high cardiovascular risk. The concordance in vascular age between the 4 tables is greater than 0.99, thus a universal vascular age table has been constructed. Vascular age does not need calibration unlike absolute risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Vascular age tables have been created from the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP tables. A single vascular age table may be used for all European Countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 3","pages":"Article 500841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147807236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular age: a tool to facilitate communication with patients about cardiovascular risk","authors":"Carlos Brotons ,&nbsp;Irene Moral","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500936","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 3","pages":"Article 500936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147807275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid prevention in type 1 diabetes: From estimated risk to cumulative risk","authors":"Inka Miñambres,&nbsp;Antonio Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2026.500894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"38 3","pages":"Article 500894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147807276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}