Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)最新文献

{"title":"Lipoprotein (a) is a predictor of non-achievement of LDL-C goals in patients with chronic heart disease","authors":"José Javier Gómez-Barrado,&nbsp;Paula Gómez-Turégano,&nbsp;María Beltrán Moreno,&nbsp;Ana Isabel Fernández-Chamorro,&nbsp;Benjamín Roque Rodríguez,&nbsp;Zineb Kounka","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] concentration influences serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. How it influences the achievement of LDL-C targets established in the guidelines is not well studied. Our aim was to know the prevalence of elevated Lp(a) levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and to assess its influence on the achievement of LDL-C targets.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study in a Cardiology department in Spain. A total of 870 patients with stable CAD had their lipid profile determined, including Lp(a). Patients were stratified into two groups according to Lp(a) &gt;50 mg/dL and Lp(a) ≤50 mg/dL. The association of Lp(a) &gt;50 mg/dL with achievement of LDL-C targets was assessed by logistic regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of Lp(a) &gt;50 mg/dL was 30.8%. Patients with Lp(a) &gt;50 mg/dL had higher baseline (142.30 ± 47.54 mg/dL vs 130.47 ± 40.75 mg/dL; p = 0.0001) and current (72.91 ± 26.44 mg/dL vs 64.72 ± 25.30 mg/dL; p = 0.0001), despite the fact that they were treated with more high-potency statins (77.2% vs 70.9%; p = 0.058) and more combination lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) (37.7% vs 25.7%; p = 0.001). The proportion of patients achieving target LDL-C was lower in those with Lp(a) &gt;50 mg/dL. Independent predictors of having elevated Lp(a) levels &gt;50 mg/dL were the use of high-potency statins (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.08−2.14), combination LLT with ezetimibe (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.45−2.73) and failure to achieve a LDL-C ≤55 mg/dL (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.63−3.23).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Elevated Lp(a) levels influence LDL-C levels and hinder the achievement of targets in patients at very high cardiovascular risk. New drugs that act directly on Lp(a) are needed in these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 5","pages":"Pages 278-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The long, winding and favourable road of Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis","authors":"X. Pintó,&nbsp;C. Lahoz,&nbsp;J. Ribalta","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 5","pages":"Page 303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between dietary oxidative balance score, anthropometric measurements and socioeconomic factors in women at low risk of cardiovascular disease","authors":"Sanem Güven ,&nbsp;Aylin Seylam Küşümler","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dietary oxidative balance score (OBS), an indicator of oxidative stress, anthropometric measures and socioeconomic factors in women at low risk of cardiovascular disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The participants’ 3-day dietary intake, demographic information, anthropometric measurements and blood pressure values were recorded, and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and OBS values were determined. Oxidative balance score consists of prooxidant and antioxidant scores. Prooxidant scores were calculated from red meat consumption, total iron and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake, alcohol and cigarette consumption parameters, while antioxidant scores were calculated by assessing cruciferous consumption, dietary total vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->zeaxanthin and selenium intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 145 women were included in the study. Education level was associated with anthropometric measurements, income status with antioxidant and prooxidant scores, and exercise status with OBS (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). Weight, waist, hip, BMI, waist/hip, and waist/height ratio were significantly lower in subjects with low prooxidant score (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05); there was no significant relationship between age, systolic, diastolic, FRS (<em>p</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study, conducted in healthy women, showed that dietary oxidative balance scoring is promising in preventing the development of CVD and reducing the burden of disease, and that prospective cohort studies should be conducted in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 5","pages":"Pages 269-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular risk","authors":"Gerard Torres ,&nbsp;Manuel Sánchez de la Torre ,&nbsp;Lucia Pinilla ,&nbsp;Ferran Barbé","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience repetitive episodes of upper airway obstruction due to recurrent collapse during sleep. This leads to intermittent hypoxia episodes, which, through complex pathophysiological mechanisms, trigger sympathetic overactivation, endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulation, and metabolic dysregulation. Consequently, other cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes are induced. Furthermore, this enhances target organ damage, affecting the heart, arteries, and kidneys, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Among the various treatments for OSA, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) has been extensively studied. To date, this treatment has shown mild benefits in reducing blood pressure, particularly noticeable in patients with resistant hypertension. Furthermore, CPAP treatment appears to reduce cardiovascular events, both in primary and secondary prevention, though this benefit is limited to individuals with good compliance (CPAP use ≥<!--> <!-->4<!--> <!-->h/night). Future research perspectives in OSA seem to focus on identifying patients in whom the condition significantly influences cardiovascular risk, thus determining those who would benefit the most from treatment in the reduction of cardiovascular risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 234-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141693400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus on lipoprotein(a) of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis. Literature review and recommendations for clinical practice","authors":"Javier Delgado-Lista ,&nbsp;Jose M. Mostaza ,&nbsp;Teresa Arrobas-Velilla ,&nbsp;Francisco Blanco-Vaca ,&nbsp;Luis Masana ,&nbsp;Juan Pedro-Botet ,&nbsp;Pablo Perez-Martinez ,&nbsp;Fernando Civeira ,&nbsp;Jose I. Cuende-Melero ,&nbsp;Jose J. Gomez-Barrado ,&nbsp;Carlos Lahoz ,&nbsp;Xavier Pintó ,&nbsp;Manuel Suarez-Tembra ,&nbsp;Jose Lopez-Miranda ,&nbsp;Carlos Guijarro","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The irruption of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) in the study of cardiovascular risk factors is perhaps, together with the discovery and use of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (iPCSK9) inhibitor drugs, the greatest novelty in the field for decades. Lp(a) concentration (especially very high levels) has an undeniable association with certain cardiovascular complications, such as atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD) and aortic stenosis. However, there are several current limitations to both establishing epidemiological associations and specific pharmacological treatment. Firstly, the measurement of Lp(a) is highly dependent on the test used, mainly because of the characteristics of the molecule. Secondly, Lp(a) concentration is more than 80% genetically determined, so that, unlike other cardiovascular risk factors, it cannot be regulated by lifestyle changes. Finally, although there are many promising clinical trials with specific drugs to reduce Lp(a), currently only iPCSK9 (limited for use because of its cost) significantly reduces Lp(a).</p><p>However, and in line with other scientific societies, the SEA considers that, with the aim of increasing knowledge about the contribution of Lp(a) to cardiovascular risk, it is relevant to produce a document containing the current status of the subject, recommendations for the control of global cardiovascular risk in people with elevated Lp(a) and recommendations on the therapeutic approach to patients with elevated Lp(a).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 243-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of carotid atheroma plaque with IL-18 levels and with polymorphisms in the IL-18 receptor gene in a Mediterranean population","authors":"Ana Palanca ,&nbsp;Amparo Bartual-Rodrigo ,&nbsp;Carolina Cuenca ,&nbsp;Oscar D. Mayo-López ,&nbsp;F. Javier Ampudia-Blasco ,&nbsp;Herminia González-Navarro ,&nbsp;Juan F. Ascaso ,&nbsp;Ana Bárbara García-García ,&nbsp;F. Javier Chaves ,&nbsp;José T. Real ,&nbsp;Sergio Martínez-Hervás","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is an inflammatory molecule that has been linked to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the possible relationship between plasma levels of IL-18 and the presence of atherosclerosis evaluated at the carotid level, as well as to analyze the possible modulation by different polymorphisms in a Mediterranean population.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>746 individuals from the metropolitan area of ​​Valencia were included, recruited over a period of 2 years. Hydrocarbon and lipid metabolism parameters were determined using standard methodology and IL-18 using ELISA. In addition, carotid ultrasound was performed and the genotype of 4 SNPs related to the IL-18 signaling pathway was analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Patients with higher plasma levels of IL-18 had other associated cardiovascular risk factors. Elevated IL-18 levels were significantly associated with higher carotid IMT and the presence of atheromatous plaques. The genotype with the A allele of the SNP rs2287037 was associated with a higher prevalence of carotid atheromatous plaque. On the contrary, the genotype with the C allele of the SNP rs2293224 was associated with a lower prevalence of atheromatous plaque.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>High levels of IL-18 were significantly associated with a higher carotid IMT and the presence of atheromatous plaques, which appear to be influenced by genetic factors, as evidenced by associations between SNPs in the IL-18 receptor gene and the presence of atheroma plaque.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 210-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prof. Rafael Carmena Rodríguez","authors":"Juan F Ascaso","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 267-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2529912324000421/pdfft?md5=57e9dbd9ed38c654221851029a4d47bf&pid=1-s2.0-S2529912324000421-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm in primary care","authors":"Antonio López-Téllez ,&nbsp;José Manuel Ramírez Torres ,&nbsp;Estrella Pérez Vázquez ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Babiano Fernández ,&nbsp;Helena López-Martí ,&nbsp;Irene Zapata Martínez ,&nbsp;Cristóbal Trillo Fernández ,&nbsp;Manuel Frías Vargas ,&nbsp;María Dolores Domínguez Pinos ,&nbsp;Juan Fernando Peiró Morant ,&nbsp;José Antonio González-Fajardo ,&nbsp;Pedro Valdivielso Felices","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Abdominal aortic aneurysm<span> (AAA) constitutes a pathology with high mortality. There is currently no screening program implemented in Primary care in Spain.</span></p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound in the detection of AAA in the at-risk population in Primary care. Secondarily, to identify subjects whose vascular risk (VR) should be reclassified and to determine whether AAA is associated with the presence of carotid plaque and other risk factors.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter, national, descriptive study in Primary care. Subjects: A consecutive selection of hypertensive males aged between 65 and 75 who are either smokers or former smokers, or individuals over the age of 50 of both sexes with a family history of AAA.</p></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><p><span>Diameter of abdominal aorta<span> and iliac arteries; detection of abdominal aortic and </span></span>carotid atherosclerotic plaque. VR was calculated at the beginning and after testing (SCORE).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>150 patients were analyzed (age: 68.3 ± 5 years; 89.3% male). Baseline RV was high/very high in 55.3%. AAA was detected in 12 patients (8%; 95%CI: 4–12); aortic ectasia<span> in 13 (8.7%); abdominal aortic plaque in 44% and carotid plaque in 62% of the participants. VR was reclassified in 50% of subjects. The detection of AAA or ectasia was associated with the presence of carotid plaque, current smoking and lipoprotein(a), </span></span><em>p</em> &lt; 0.01.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The prevalence of AAA in patients with VR is high. Ultrasound in Primary care allows detection of AAA and subclinical atherosclerosis and consequently reclassification of the VR, demonstrating its utility in screening for AAA in the at-risk population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 218-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thrombotic risk associated with COVID-19 and diabetes; Is PAI-1 the link?","authors":"José A. Páramo","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 227-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family sitosterolemia: Report of two cases in Colombia","authors":"Alejandro A. Castellanos ,&nbsp;María del Carmen Castillo ,&nbsp;Laura Montoya ,&nbsp;María Elvira Ruiz ,&nbsp;Jorge L. Zapateiro ,&nbsp;Juan Patricio Nogueira","doi":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.artere.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sitosterolemia is an autosomal recessive and very rare disease. Its main characteristic is that there is a greater absorption and a decrease in the excretion of sterols, which leads to them being deposited in tissues. It is given by mutations in the ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes found on chromosome 2p21. In this clinical note, we describe the first two patients with familial sitosterolemia described in Colombia, brothers, one of them with xanthomas in extremities as the only symptom, and the other, completely asymptomatic. Genetic studies were performed as a diagnostic test in both patients, where a pathogenic homozygous variant could be identified in the ABCG8 gene in the first case (symptomatic), and a heterozygous variant in the ABCG8 gene in the second case (asymptomatic), the first patient has responded to treatment with ezetimibe. In conclusion, xanthomas should be studied in depth in pediatric age as they may be the only visible sign of such complex and hereditary diseases as familial sitosterolemia, which can be controlled and prevent cardiovascular complications of the disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100263,"journal":{"name":"Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition)","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 229-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}