Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain最新文献

{"title":"Predicting biomass transportation costs: A machine learning approach for enhanced biofuel competitiveness","authors":"Ali Omidkar, Razieh Es’haghian, Hua Song","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating depletion of hydrocarbon reserves and the escalating global climate crisis have catalyzed a significant shift towards biofuels as a viable alternative to fossil fuels. However, the substantial cost disparity between biofuels and conventional fossil fuels presents a formidable obstacle to their widespread adoption. A pivotal component within the biofuel supply chain is the substantial financial burden associated with transporting biomass feedstocks to biorefineries for subsequent fuel production. For many low-cost or residue-based biomass feedstocks, the transportation cost represents a substantial portion of the total delivered price, often dominating the overall feedstock cost—especially when sourced from widely distributed or small-scale suppliers. Despite extensive scholarly inquiry, a comprehensive and accurate predictive model for biomass road transport costs remains elusive. This study endeavors to address this critical knowledge gap by conducting an in-depth analysis of global biomass road transport data to meticulously identify the key parameters that exert a significant influence on transportation costs. Through rigorous correlation analysis, fifteen independent variables were identified as having a discernible impact on the final transportation cost. Departing from the prevalent reliance on regression analysis in previous studies, this research demonstrates the limitations of multiple linear regression for accurately predicting transportation costs. Consequently, this study explores the predictive capabilities of two alternative machine learning algorithms: random forests and artificial neural networks. Comparative analysis unequivocally demonstrates the superior predictive performance of the random forest model, achieving a remarkable R-squared value of 97.4 % and a root mean square error of 165. Furthermore, this study delves into the relative importance of each independent variable in determining the overall transportation cost. In the multiple linear regression model, load factor and vehicle type emerged as the most influential factors, contributing 37 % and 31 % to the total cost variation, respectively. Conversely, the impact of distance on transportation costs was found to be minimal. In the more robust random forest model, vehicle type, distance, and load factor were identified as the most significant predictors, contributing 31 %, 25 %, and 12 % to the overall cost variation, respectively. The predictive model developed in this study offers valuable insights into the cost dynamics of biomass transportation. By facilitating precise predictions of transportation costs, stakeholders are empowered to streamline logistical operations, augment operational efficiency, and consequently, curtail overall biofuel production expenses. The resultant enhancement in the price competitiveness of biofuels relative to fossil fuels is poised to stimulate broader utilization of these renewable resources. Furthermore, the t","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charging policies for battery swapping station for hybrid motorcycles","authors":"Alejandro Uribe ,&nbsp;Mariana Yepes ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo González-Alzate ,&nbsp;Alejandro Arenas-Vasco ,&nbsp;Alejandro Montoya ,&nbsp;Ricardo Mejía-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The detrimental impact of fossil fuel dependence on the environment and human health needs a shift towards sustainable transportation solutions. Electric mobility, exemplified by electric vehicles (EVs), presents a promising solution to combat air pollution and address climate change concerns. However, the widespread adoption of EVs faces obstacles such as charging time and range anxiety. Battery Swapping (BS) stations have emerged as a potential remedy, facilitating quick battery exchanges to address these issues. This research proposes a method to determine charging policies for hybrid motorcycle fleets using mixed integer linear programming (MILP) and a simple greedy heuristic algorithm to minimize battery degradation and reduce the operating costs of a BS station designed for hybrid motorcycles. By employing these two solution techniques, we focus on evaluating the practicality of these stations and the impact of smart charging decisions on pricing. 10 unique instances were generated using six distinct values of time deltas, resulting in a total of 60 individual instances to evaluate various simulation scenarios, highlighting distinct operational dynamics for motorcycle and station management. Notably, objective function values were lower in the first 20 instances, with the heuristic outperforming the exact method by approximately 175,000 COP in the initial 10 instances. The models demonstrated greater cost efficiency at three and five-minute deltas, effectively capturing real dynamics and minimizing unexpected fluctuations. Simulation times varied significantly, with the heuristic method running between 0.001 and 0.005 s compared to the 50 to 200 s for the more complex exact method, which exhibited a broader range of results but also higher variability, indicating less consistency than the more stable heuristic approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144595549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Small-Scale LNG supply Chains: Risk mitigation strategies and frameworks for archipelagic distribution","authors":"Rossy Armyn Machfudiyanto ,&nbsp;Windra Priatna Humang ,&nbsp;Insannul Kamil ,&nbsp;Yusuf Latief ,&nbsp;Nurul Wahjuningsih ,&nbsp;Yanuar Yudha Adi Putra","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distribution of Small-Scale Liquefied Natural Gas (SS-LNG) across Indonesia’s archipelagic regions faces complex challenges due to limited infrastructure, remote geographical conditions, and operational as well as maritime safety risks. This study aims to develop a risk-based SS-LNG supply chain scheme integrated with mitigation strategies to enhance the reliability and sustainability of energy supply. Employing the Delphi method, the research engaged 32 experts from academic and industrial sectors to reach a consensus on supply chain schemes, activities, and risk mitigation strategies. Validation results identified a model comprising multi-source routes, small-scale vessels, terminal clustering, and contractual flexibility as the most adaptive to Indonesia’s geographical characteristics. To minimize risks associated with each activity, a comprehensive mitigation strategy was formulated, encompassing: work practice adjustments, development of early warning systems, establishment of alternative routes, contingency planning, optimization of order policies, and enhancement of supply flexibility. The research highlights the importance of integrating technical, regulatory, and sustainability aspects in designing SS-LNG supply chains. The findings contribute to the formulation of adaptive energy policies and open avenues for further empirical implementation and long term economic evaluation. The unique contribution of this study lies in its application of a contextualized risk-based approach tailored to Indonesia’s geography, alongside innovations in terminal clustering, multi-source LNG integration, swap mechanisms, and the incorporation of real-time monitoring technologies to ensure efficiency and transparency across all stages of SS-LNG distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivating a corporate sustainability mindset: A model & future research","authors":"Nitith Wattanaphak,&nbsp;Sooksan Kantabutra","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development and measurement of a sustainability mindset are increasingly recognized as critical elements in effectively addressing global sustainability challenges. However, little is known about what a corporate sustainability mindset is and how to develop it. The present study provides a comprehensive overview of the conceptualization, development approaches, and measurement instruments related to sustainability mindset. A sustainability mindset is defined as an individual’s cognitive and emotional alignment with sustainability ideologies, reflecting their intrinsic values, beliefs, attitudes, and actions concerning the well-being of all. Our review indicates, among others, that the development of corporate sustainability mindset development model must consider the systems perspective and incorporate a mechanism for the mindset to grow. The most relevant approach to develop a corporate sustainability mindset is Transformative Learning. In terms of measuring a corporate sustainability mindset, the measurement scale must include the cognitive, attitudinal, and behavioral dimensions to be effective. Accordingly, a corporate sustainability mindset development model is developed, followed by practical implications and future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing channel selection and contract decision of low-carbon supply chain under government subsidy","authors":"Longlong Zang ,&nbsp;Peng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applied model research is an important approach to low-carbon supply chain optimization, and the key of model optimization is the game and contract selection among the participants. Based on the above background, the two-stage Stackelberg game model is used to provide decision-making advice for the government’s low-carbon subsidy policy, the low-carbon development direction of supply chain members and the contract selection among supply chain members, explore an optimal low-carbon supply chain channel and contract form. Firstly, for common supply chain systems, a single-channel subsidy decision model (Model S), a closed-loop channel subsidy decision model (model C) and a dual-channel subsidy decision model (model D) are constructed. Secondly, through numerical analysis, the optimal supply chain channel structure that can make full use of government subsidies is defined. Finally, based on the optimal supply chain system, the benefit sharing contract (DRS) and cost sharing contract (DCS) are constructed, and the contract forms that can realize the Pareto improvement of supply chain system are discussed. The results show that: (1) When different subsidy policies are adopted, the performance of the three models in terms of overall supply chain profit is as follows: Model D &gt; Model C &gt; Model S. (2) When the government subsidy rate is high, the contract DCS completes the Pareto improvement of the wholesale price contract in model D. (3) In contract DCS, the optimal subsidy rate and the optimal cost-sharing coefficient are inversely proportional to the demand transfer coefficient and the level of consumer environmental awareness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable inventory management model for closed loop supply chain involving waste reduction and treatment","authors":"Giuseppe Aiello ,&nbsp;Cinzia Muriana ,&nbsp;Salvatore Quaranta ,&nbsp;Islam Asem Salah Abusohyon","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the environmental concerns emerged in the last decade, the transition towards circular economy production models has become a top priority for industrialized countries. Retail supply chains however are still mostly referred to the linear “take-make-consume-dispose” model, which is recognized to be a largely unsustainable approach due to the implied unbalanced consumption of energy and resources and uncontrolled generation of waste. The development of new and more suitable decision models for supply chain management in compliance with the principles of circularity is thus an industrial need and an emergent research field. Based on a detailed analysis of the systemic criticalities in linear supply chain management models and on their inherent exposure towards decision biases leading to overproduction, this research proposes an original closed loop supply chain management model coherent with the product lifecycle approach and compliant with the 4Rs model adopted in EU regulations. Specifically, the model shifts towards reducing waste, by considering non-constant salvage value for the products at the end of the selling season, depending on their actual conditions. The proposed model is validated through a numerical application which demonstrates how the unscrupulous use of traditional stochastic inventory management models substantially hinders the sustainability of the supply chain, unless a reverse logistic channel and appropriate waste management policies are enforced. Comparing the linear and the closed loop models, by means of a numerical application, with the closed loop model the expected leftover inventory decreased of the 65%, while the expected lost sales increased of the 83.4%. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach proposed in analyzing the dynamics of supply chain management models, and performing scenario analyses on different configurations, thus obtaining useful insights for sustainable supply chain design.</div><div>The main contribution of the research is to incorporate the 4R into the newsvendor model, determining new optimality conditions that imply the overall reduction of waste because of a smaller quantity of products managed along the supply chain respect to the linear supply chain model, assuming that supply chain’s actors are willing to accept a higher stockout risk in view of less inventory stocks. The results also show that the overall profits of the closed loop supply chain reduce of the 26.2% respect to the linear supply chain profit, which can be considered the ‘cost’ of circularity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the state-of-the-art of alternative marine fuels: A viable approach to zero-carbon shipping","authors":"Wanying Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Geng Qin ,&nbsp;Satpathi Kuntal ,&nbsp;Fuzhong Gong ,&nbsp;Ran Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shipping industry, responsible for transporting 90% of global goods, is a major source of pollution and greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. In response to the increasingly stricter global and regional emission control regulations, the maritime industry has adopted various operational and technical measures to improve vessel energy efficiency so as to reduce emissions. However, these measures might not be able to effectively address the core issue of emissions, which arises from a heavy reliance on carbon-intensive energy sources. To reduce the emissions from the whole shipping industry more fundamentally, this review evaluates the viability of five alternative marine fuels — liquefied natural gas (LNG), methanol, ammonia, biofuel, and hydrogen — as potential solutions for maritime decarbonization. This review adopts the systematic search flow (SSF) approach, using iterative search refinement and thematic analysis for a structured synthesis of maritime alternative fuel literature. It first introduces each type of alternative fuel with an emphasis on production methods and sources, which are distinctively categorized by “color.” Following this, a comprehensive comparison of the fuels is presented, focusing on technical feasibility, economic viability, emission reduction capabilities, availability, and safety considerations. The practical application of these fuels is further explored through an analysis of their adoption in operational fleets and new orders, as well as the readiness of port infrastructure to support these changes. This review also examines the role of alternative fuels in the development of green shipping corridors, underscored by an analysis of green shipping finance initiatives. The findings provide valuable insights into the viability of these fuels, supporting the International Maritime Organization (IMO)’s 2050 decarbonization goals and paving the way towards zero emissions in global shipping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of logistics requirements and adjustments on firm performance: evidence from wood biomass supply chains","authors":"Arkadiusz Kawa ,&nbsp;Davor Dujak","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass wood plays a key role in renewable energy production. Using biomass for energy production reduces dependence on fossil fuels such as coal and oil, which are major sources of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. However, there are many challenges associated with biomass wood. One of them is logistics, especially storage and transportation requirements. Companies are investing in optimizing logistics processes to reduce operating costs and minimize environmental impact. The aim of this study is to develop and test the operationalization of logistics process requirements and the adaptation of logistics, and to empirically verify the impact of them on the performance of wood biomass companies. A survey of 300 wood biomass company respondents and structural equation modelling were conducted for the purpose of the article. Our research confirms a positive significant impact of logistics requirements enhanced by logistics adjustments on the firm’s performance in wood biomass supply chain.</div><div>This study fills a gap in biomass logistics research by providing the first empirical model that tests how firms adapt their logistics to meet supply chain challenges. By focusing on firm performance, this work offers novel managerial insights into the strategic role of logistics adjustments within sustainable wood biomass supply chains.</div><div>Our results highlight the importance of adopting logistics practices to improve efficiency and provide valuable information to help managers and policymakers develop low-emission supply chain strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The German Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in supply chains: An empirical assessment of the agri-food supply chain based on experts’ perspectives","authors":"Abdulaziz Mardenli ,&nbsp;Katharina Friederike Sträter ,&nbsp;Christoph Herrmann ,&nbsp;Dirk Sackmann","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The consideration of social and environmental sustainability (in the following: sustainability) in supply chains (SCs) has gained importance in recent years. Consequently, the view that globally-acting companies should bear responsibility for their entire supply chain has become more and more established. Germany, to codify this responsibility, adopted the Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in Supply Chains (LkSG) in 2021, which came into effect in 2023. The LkSG holds companies accountable for protecting human rights and complying with environmental standards. It requires them to monitor risks along their SCs and to identify and mitigate respective problems. Focusing on the agri-food supply chain, which is frequently the core of discussions regarding a lack of sustainability, and based on 17 semi-structured interviews with experts, this study exemplarily assesses companies’ perceptions of the LkSG’s requirements. It, therefore, aims to bridge the gap between the legal framework and practical implementation, thus, contributing to the understanding of the LkSG’s effectiveness in promoting sustainability. The findings reveal a dichotomous picture: large, established companies are perceived to be less affected due to their existing transparency and compliance infrastructure. On the contrary, smaller and less established companies are expected to face significant challenges, particularly in terms of administrative burden and resource allocation. Although the motivation behind the LkSG is generally seen as well-founded, its complexity and compliance costs are perceived as substantial, highlighting the tension between sustainability and profit, which is also reflected in the interviewees’ importance rating of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing competitiveness and sustainable performance of halal organizations through the incubator role of halal logistics service providers","authors":"Khairulazmi Mohamad Karudin ,&nbsp;Mohd Rizaimy Shaharudin ,&nbsp;Amir Imran Zainoddin","doi":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a conceptual framework to examine the role of Halal Logistics Service Provider (HLSP) incubators in enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability performance of halal organizations. Using a narrative review methodology, the study synthesizes existing literature to propose theoretical linkages and insights grounded in Resource Dependence Theory (RDT). The review highlights how stakeholders within the halal industry depend on HLSPs to facilitate sustainable Halal Logistics (HL) practices and ensure Shariah-compliant operations. Notably, by systematically integrating findings from key academic sources, the paper proposes a novel conceptual framework and research propositions to explore an underexamined academic relationship involving a new construct. This study offers valuable managerial insights, providing tools for logistics providers to enhance their competitiveness and sustainability performance by strategically adopting an incubator role within the HL ecosystem. The anticipated contributions of this research include advancing the understanding of how HLSPs can drive competitiveness while strengthening organizational sustainability in the halal sector. Additionally, the study establishes a robust conceptual foundation for future empirical research, encouraging scholars to test the proposed framework using quantitative methodologies. Nevertheless, future studies are recommended to empirically validate these theoretical propositions and develop strategic solutions that bolster the competitiveness and sustainability performance of logistics providers and halal organizations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100253,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100236"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}